2 month old visit

Family Life

AAP Schedule of Well-Child Care Visits

Parents know who they should go to when their child is sick. But pediatrician visits are just as important for healthy children.

The Bright Futures /American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) developed a set of comprehensive health guidelines for well-child care, known as the " periodicity schedule ." It is a schedule of screenings and assessments recommended at each well-child visit from infancy through adolescence.

Schedule of well-child visits

• The first week visit (3 to 5 days old)
• 1 month old
• 2 months old
• 4 months old
• 6 months old
• 9 months old
• 12 months old
• 15 months old
• 18 months old
• 2 years old (24 months)
• 2 ½ years old (30 months)
• 3 years old
• 4 years old
• 5 years old
• 6 years old
• 7 years old
• 8 years old
• 9 years old
• 10 years old
• 11 years old
• 12 years old
• 13 years old
• 14 years old
• 15 years old
• 16 years old
• 17 years old
• 18 years old
• 19 years old
• 20 years old
• 21 years old

The benefits of well-child visits

Prevention . Your child gets scheduled immunizations to prevent illness. You also can ask your pediatrician about nutrition and safety in the home and at school.

Tracking growth & development . See how much your child has grown in the time since your last visit, and talk with your doctor about your child's development. You can discuss your child's milestones, social behaviors and learning.

Raising any concerns . Make a list of topics you want to talk about with your child's pediatrician such as development, behavior, sleep, eating or getting along with other family members. Bring your top three to five questions or concerns with you to talk with your pediatrician at the start of the visit.

Team approach . Regular visits create strong, trustworthy relationships among pediatrician, parent and child. The AAP recommends well-child visits as a way for pediatricians and parents to serve the needs of children. This team approach helps develop optimal physical, mental and social health of a child.

More information

Back to School, Back to Doctor

Recommended Immunization Schedules

Milestones Matter: 10 to Watch for by Age 5

Your Child's Checkups

• Bright Futures/AAP Recommendations for Preventive Pediatric Health Care (periodicity schedule)

• Baby & Toddler
• Baby Health & Wellness
• Pediatrician

What to Expect at Baby’s 2 Month Checkup

By the time baby is 2 months old, you both have probably settled into a more predictable routine. Your little cutie is likely growing rapidly and learning new things each day, and they may be a little more alert during the day by this age—and paying more attention to you, watching you as you move around, cooing when you talk to them or even smiling from time to time. To ensure all of these milestones and baby’s overall development is on track, your pediatrician will want to bring them in for their two-month checkup. Here’s what to expect during the visit and how to prepare.

What Happens at the 2-Month Checkup

At two months old , baby is developing their senses and starting to follow objects with their eyes, recognizing familiar faces and attempting to communicate with different cries for different needs. During this visit, your pediatrician will still want to hear about baby’s growth, feeding and sleeping patterns, as well as the early developmental milestones they’re hitting, says Elizabeth Cilenti , MD, MPH, a pediatrician with Northern Virginia Family Practice.

Physical screenings at the 2-month checkup

It’ll be similar to baby’s one month checkup . Your pediatrician will start off baby’s two-month well child check by measuring their height, weight and head circumference for their growth chart , which shows the average height and weight for boys and girls in baby’s age range, explains Preeti Parikh , MD, a pediatrician in New York City. But don’t worry too much about baby’s specific measurements, as doctors really just use these to ensure baby’s growth is on track. They’ll also check baby’s heart, joints, eyes, ears, mouth, lungs, genitals and reflexes, as well as the shape of baby’s head and their fontanelles (the soft spots on baby’s head) to make sure they’re developing properly.

Along with checking baby’s physical development, your pediatrician may also inquire about your mental health. They’ll want to know if you’re having any struggles with postpartum recovery , breastfeeding , anxiety , sadness and depression or anything else concerning your well-being.

Milestone assessment at 2 months

“Babies are learning new skills every day. [They] change quickly, so a lot of what we went over last visit has changed completely,” Cilenti says. At this age baby will be interested in looking around and at moving objects—and they may even start to show off their social smile. Plus, they may also be able to hold their head up during tummy time and move their limbs a little more, Cilenti says. For more information on how baby will progress, she recommends looking at the Center of Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) milestone tracker . “It’s a great resource for parents to familiarize themselves with what we expect at each age.” Below, some questions your pediatrician may ask at this visit:

• How are things going? Is there anything new going on? Do you have any concerns?
• Is baby gurgling, cooing and smiling?
• Do you have any concerns about baby’s vision ?
• Does baby follow moving objects and faces?
• Does baby respond to loud sounds?
• Does baby recognize their parents and their voices?
• How often does baby do tummy time? Do they try to lift their head up?
• Are they able to grasp an object placed in their hand?

Nutrition check-in at the 2 month well child check

Eating is a big part of baby’s early life, and you want to ensure they’re growing well and putting on enough weight. By 2 months old, you and baby probably have a good rhythm for mealtimes—and your pediatrician will want to hear all about it. These are the questions you can expect them to ask, according to experts:

• How many times does baby eat each day and overnight?
• Are you using formula or breast milk?
• How many ounces does baby drink at each feeding (if measurable)?
• Have you introduced a bottle yet?
• How many times does baby pee in a day?
• How many times does baby poop each day?
• What is baby’s stool consistency?
• Are there any signs of dairy intolerance , like diarrhea or blood in stools?
• How are you ensuring baby is getting enough Vitamin D? Do you use supplements or vitamin D drops?
• What is your breastfeeding diet like?
• Are you and baby having any issues with feeding?

Sleep check-in at the 2 month checkup

By 2 months old, baby probably has a slightly more predictable sleeping pattern—and a few may even be sleeping through the night , Cilenti says. Still, your pediatrician will want to hear all about baby’s sleeping habits and patterns. Below, some questions they might have:

• What is baby’s sleep schedule like?
• How long does baby sleep each night?
• How often does baby wake to feed?
• What is baby’s nap schedule during the day?
• Is baby put on their back to sleep both at night and during naps?
• What is baby’s sleep environment like? Does it follow safe sleep practices ?

Child safety check-in at the 2-month checkup

Similar to baby’s previous one month checkup, your pediatrician will want to ask you about several topics related to baby’s safety. Here are some of the questions your pediatrician will ask:

• Are you returning to work? Do you need help finding childcare ?
• Do you have a changing table? If so, how high is it, and do you keep a hand on baby at all times?
• How do you calm baby when they cry or are fussy?
• Do you ever get frustrated when baby cries? How do you handle it?
• Have you already baby proofed your home and vehicles?
• Do you have any questions about car seat safety ?

Do Babies Get Shots at the 2-Month Checkup?

Baby will get first doses of multiple vaccinations to protect against diseases at their two month well child check, Cilenti says. These include:

• Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)
• Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP)
• Haemophilus influenza type B vaccine (Hib)
• Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)
• Rotavirus vaccine (given orally)
• Hepatitis B (HBV) (if not already given at the previous checkup)

It may seem like a lot of shots, but the good news is, depending on your provider’s practice, there are many different combination vaccines available, which means less poking (and fewer tears) for your little one, Cilenti says. “Practically speaking, you should expect baby to receive one to four shots, depending on which products your pediatrician’s office carries.”

Parikh notes that your provider will likely give baby these vaccines towards the end of the visit. There may be some mild side effects, Cilenti adds, including fussiness, redness or nodules at the injection site and a fever lasting 24 to 48 hours after the immunizations. “Ask your doctor about when to call the office if baby has a fever after vaccines,” Cilenti says, as well as if to give Tylenol and at what dosage.

The CDC also notes that babies younger than 8 months will also be receiving their first dose of the new RSV vaccine starting in the fall of 2023, but doesn’t yet specify exactly when.

Questions to Ask at the 2-Month Checkup

You’ll undoubtedly have a better grasp on life with baby as the weeks go by—but that doesn’t mean there won’t be questions. Cilenti recommends parents bring a list of any and all questions they have, as well as all baby updates since the last visit. Consider writing these down as they occur between visits on a notepad or in an app on your phone so you don’t forget anything. Below, Cilenti and the AAP note some questions to ask at baby’s 2 month well child check:

• Is it normal for baby to smile only at me (not at anyone else)?
• When should baby start solids ?
• How can I handle my older kids while I’m breastfeeding baby?
• Are the medicines I’m currently taking or wish to take safe to take while breastfeeding?
• How should I introduce formula? A bottle?
• Should I increase feedings in the next few weeks?
• Is baby sleeping enough?
• How can I make sure baby’s sleeping safely?
• What should I do if baby rolls over in their sleep?
• When should I stop swaddling baby?
• What should the water temperature be for baby’s baths ?
• What should I look for developmentally in baby over the next few weeks?
• What should I do when I feel myself get frustrated with baby’s cries?
• What recommendations do you have for finding a support system? Trustworthy childcare?
• What should I do when baby gets sick ? When should I call you, and when should I manage it at home?
• What medications can I give baby when they’re sick?
• How can I support baby’s learning and development?
• When is it okay to take baby outside ?
• How can I manage baby’s gas and constipation ?
• What should I do when baby spits up ?
• What should I do about baby’s acne ? Cradle cap ? How can I protect their skin?
• How can I protect baby from sun exposure and other seasonal dangers?

Clienti says to be sure that your pediatrician knows about your plans for childcare if you already have them, and if there are any changes to the health of other household family members. Don’t forget to bring an extra change of clothes, diapers and wipes, in case baby needs them and there’s a wait at the doctor’s office. Rest assured, while baby’s next well visit won’t be for another two months, you can always reach out to your pediatrician with any and all questions or concerns whenever they occur.

Please note: The Bump and the materials and information it contains are not intended to, and do not constitute, medical or other health advice or diagnosis and should not be used as such. You should always consult with a qualified physician or health professional about your specific circumstances.

Elizabeth Cilenti , MD, MPH, is a pediatrician with Northern Virginia Family Practice. She completed her medical degree and residency at Indiana University School of Medicine and her master’s degree in public health at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Preeti Parikh , MD, is a pediatrician with Westside Pediatrics, located in New York City, as well as a spokesperson for the AAP. She earned her medical degree from Rutgers University and completed her pediatric residency at Mount Sinai Hospital.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Important Milestones: Your Baby By Two Months , June 2023

Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, Your Child's Checkup: 2 Months , 2023

Healthy Children (American Academy of Pediatrics), Checkup Checklist: 2 Months Old) , September 2021

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Immunizations , August 2023

Learn how we ensure the accuracy of our content through our editorial and medical review process .

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Health Library 2 Month Well-Child Visit

Find another condition or treatment, healthy baby development and behavior.

Below are milestones most babies will reach between now and 4 months old. Talk with your doctor at your baby’s next well-visit if your baby is not yet reaching these milestones or there are skills your baby no longer shows each day.

Social and Emotional Milestones

• Smiles on their own to get your attention
• Chuckles when you try to make them laugh
• Looks at you, moves or makes sounds to get or keep your attention

Language and Communication Milestones

• Makes cooing sounds like “oooo” or “aahh”
• Makes sounds back when you talk to them
• Turns their head toward the sound of your voice

Thinking and Learning Milestones

• If they are hungry, opens their mouth when they see breast or bottle
• Looks at their own hands with interest

Physical Development Milestones

• Holds head steady without support when you are holding them
• Holds a toy when you put it in their hand
• Uses arms to swing at toys
• Brings hands to mouth
• Pushes up onto elbows/forearms when on tummy

Healthy Ways to Help Your Baby Learn and Grow

Development.

• Smile, talk and respond positively to the sounds your baby makes
• Sing and play music for your baby. Read together every day to help your baby learn language.
• Hold and cuddle with your baby often, giving praise and lots of loving attention.
• Lay your baby on their tummy to play. Put toys at eye level to encourage lifting the head to see the toys. Do not leave your baby alone. Take breaks when your baby is tired.
• Notice the signals your baby gives when feeling playful or tired. Are they trying to play with you by making sounds and looking at you, or are they yawning, getting fussy and needing to rest? Responding to your baby’s cues will make your baby feel safe and loved.
• Use simple routines each day for feeding, sleeping, bathing and playing.
• Limit your screen time when caring for your baby. This helps you respond to your baby’s needs and encourages your baby to learn and grow.
• Never hit or shake your baby. Your baby’s brain could be damaged. Your baby could die as a result. If you need a break to calm down, put your baby in a safe place and walk away. Check on your baby every 5–10 minutes. Your baby may cry a lot in the first few months, but it will get better!
• Many infants have more periods of fussing and crying at this age. Some crying is normal, but many parents wonder if their child has colic. Talk with your baby’s doctor if you have questions or concerns. Learn more about colic, as well as tips for calming your baby.
• Feed your baby only breast milk or formula until 6 months old.
• If breastfeeding, feed your baby on demand, usually 8–12 times in 24 hours. Give your baby vitamin D drops (400 IU a day). Continue to take your prenatal vitamins with iron and eat a healthy diet.
• If formula feeding, feed your baby on demand, usually 6–8 times in 24 hours. Hold your baby so you can look at each other during feedings. Always hold your baby’s bottle. Never prop a bottle.
• Look for signs your baby is hungry, such as putting hands to mouth, smacking/licking lips or turning the head toward the breast or bottle. Watch for signs your baby is full, such as closing the mouth or turning the head away.
• Create a schedule for naps and bedtime.
• Remember the ABCs of safe sleep:
• Alone —The safest place for your baby to sleep is alone in the crib / bassinet. It’s good to have the crib / bassinet in the room where you sleep, but don’t let the baby sleep in your bed.
• Back —Always place your baby on its back to sleep to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
• Crib —Always put your baby to sleep in an empty crib or bassinet with a snug, firm mattress and tight-fitting sheet. Don’t have any blankets, crib bumpers, stuffed animals, toys or sleep positioners inside the crib with your baby.
• Swaddling should not be used once your baby is rolling over.
• Learn more about safe sleep for infants.

Vehicle Safety

• Use a rear-facing car seat in the backseat of your vehicle. Learn more about car seat safety and installation.
• Never leave your baby alone in a car. Practice safe behaviors that prevent you from forgetting your baby in the car, like putting your purse or cell phone in the back seat. Learn more about the dangers of hot cars and how to keep your child safe.

Home Safety

• Never leave your baby alone in the tub, near water or in high places like a changing table, bed or couch.
• Avoid drinking hot liquids while holding your baby. Prevent tap water burns by setting the temperature of your water heater to 120°F or below.

This information is to support your visit with your child’s doctor. It should not take the place of the advice of your pediatrician.

Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bright Futures (4th Edition) by the American Academy of Pediatrics

Last Updated 06/2023

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Related letter: Well-Child Visits Provide Physicians Opportunity to Deliver Interconception Care to Mothers

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The well-child visit allows for comprehensive assessment of a child and the opportunity for further evaluation if abnormalities are detected. A complete history during the well-child visit includes information about birth history; prior screenings; diet; sleep; dental care; and medical, surgical, family, and social histories. A head-to-toe examination should be performed, including a review of growth. Immunizations should be reviewed and updated as appropriate. Screening for postpartum depression in mothers of infants up to six months of age is recommended. Based on expert opinion, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends developmental surveillance at each visit, with formal developmental screening at nine, 18, and 30 months and autism-specific screening at 18 and 24 months; the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force found insufficient evidence to make a recommendation. Well-child visits provide the opportunity to answer parents' or caregivers' questions and to provide age-appropriate guidance. Car seats should remain rear facing until two years of age or until the height or weight limit for the seat is reached. Fluoride use, limiting or avoiding juice, and weaning to a cup by 12 months of age may improve dental health. A one-time vision screening between three and five years of age is recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to detect amblyopia. The American Academy of Pediatrics guideline based on expert opinion recommends that screen time be avoided, with the exception of video chatting, in children younger than 18 months and limited to one hour per day for children two to five years of age. Cessation of breastfeeding before six months and transition to solid foods before six months are associated with childhood obesity. Juice and sugar-sweetened beverages should be avoided before one year of age and provided only in limited quantities for children older than one year.

Well-child visits for infants and young children (up to five years) provide opportunities for physicians to screen for medical problems (including psychosocial concerns), to provide anticipatory guidance, and to promote good health. The visits also allow the family physician to establish a relationship with the parents or caregivers. This article reviews the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines for screenings and recommendations for infants and young children. Family physicians should prioritize interventions with the strongest evidence for patient-oriented outcomes, such as immunizations, postpartum depression screening, and vision screening.

Clinical Examination

The history should include a brief review of birth history; prematurity can be associated with complex medical conditions. 1 Evaluate breastfed infants for any feeding problems, 2 and assess formula-fed infants for type and quantity of iron-fortified formula being given. 3 For children eating solid foods, feeding history should include everything the child eats and drinks. Sleep, urination, defecation, nutrition, dental care, and child safety should be reviewed. Medical, surgical, family, and social histories should be reviewed and updated. For newborns, review the results of all newborn screening tests ( Table 1 4 – 7 ) and schedule follow-up visits as necessary. 2

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

A comprehensive head-to-toe examination should be completed at each well-child visit. Interval growth should be reviewed by using appropriate age, sex, and gestational age growth charts for height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index if 24 months or older. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended growth charts are available. Percentiles and observations of changes along the chart's curve should be assessed at every visit. Include assessment of parent/caregiver-child interactions and potential signs of abuse such as bruises on uncommonly injured areas, burns, human bite marks, bruises on nonmobile infants, or multiple injuries at different healing stages. 8

The USPSTF and AAP screening recommendations are outlined in Table 2 . 3 , 9 – 27 A summary of AAP recommendations  is available. The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) generally adheres to USPSTF recommendations. 28

MATERNAL DEPRESSION

Prevalence of postpartum depression is around 12%, 22 and its presence can impair infant development. The USPSTF and AAP recommend using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale or the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 to screen for maternal depression. The USPSTF does not specify a screening schedule; however, based on expert opinion, the AAP recommends screening mothers at the one-, two-, four-, and six-month well-child visits, with further evaluation for positive results. 23 There are no recommendations to screen other caregivers if the mother is not present at the well-child visit.

PSYCHOSOCIAL

With nearly one-half of children in the United States living at or near the poverty level, assessing home safety, food security, and access to safe drinking water can improve awareness of psychosocial problems, with referrals to appropriate agencies for those with positive results. 29 The prevalence of mental health disorders (i.e., primarily anxiety, depression, behavioral disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) in preschool-aged children is around 6%. 30 Risk factors for these disorders include having a lower socioeconomic status, being a member of an ethnic minority, and having a non–English-speaking parent or primary caregiver. 25 The USPSTF found insufficient evidence regarding screening for depression in children up to 11 years of age. 24 Based on expert opinion, the AAP recommends that physicians consider screening, although screening in young children has not been validated or standardized. 25

DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE

Based on expert opinion, the AAP recommends early identification of developmental delays 14 and autism 10 ; however, the USPSTF found insufficient evidence to recommend formal developmental screening 13 or autism-specific screening 9 if the parents/caregivers or physician have no concerns. If physicians choose to screen, developmental surveillance of language, communication, gross and fine movements, social/emotional development, and cognitive/problem-solving skills should occur at each visit by eliciting parental or caregiver concerns, obtaining interval developmental history, and observing the child. Any area of concern should be evaluated with a formal developmental screening tool, such as Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status, Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status-Developmental Milestones, or Survey of Well-Being of Young Children. These tools are available. If results are abnormal, consider intervention or referral to early intervention services. The AAP recommends completing the previously mentioned formal screening tools at nine-, 18-, and 30-month well-child visits. 14

The AAP also recommends autism-specific screening at 18 and 24 months. 10 The USPSTF recommends using the two-step Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) screening tool  if a physician chooses to screen a patient for autism. 10 The M-CHAT can be incorporated into the electronic medical record, with the possibility of the parent or caregiver completing the questionnaire through the patient portal before the office visit.

IRON DEFICIENCY

Multiple reports have associated iron deficiency with impaired neurodevelopment. Therefore, it is essential to ensure adequate iron intake. Based on expert opinion, the AAP recommends supplements for preterm infants beginning at one month of age and exclusively breastfed term infants at six months of age. 3 The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to recommend screening for iron deficiency in infants. 19 Based on expert opinion, the AAP recommends measuring a child's hemoglobin level at 12 months of age. 3

Lead poisoning and elevated lead blood levels are prevalent in young children. The AAP and CDC recommend a targeted screening approach. The AAP recommends screening for serum lead levels between six months and six years in high-risk children; high-risk children are identified by location-specific risk recommendations, enrollment in Medicaid, being foreign born, or personal screening. 21 The USPSTF does not recommend screening for lead poisoning in children at average risk who are asymptomatic. 20

The USPSTF recommends at least one vision screening to detect amblyopia between three and five years of age. Testing options include visual acuity, ocular alignment test, stereoacuity test, photoscreening, and autorefractors. The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to recommend screening before three years of age. 26 The AAP, American Academy of Ophthalmology, and the American Academy of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus recommend the use of an instrument-based screening (photoscreening or autorefractors) between 12 months and three years of age and annual visual acuity screening beginning at four years of age. 31

IMMUNIZATIONS

The AAFP recommends that all children be immunized. 32 Recommended vaccination schedules, endorsed by the AAP, the AAFP, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, are found at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child-adolescent.html . Immunizations are usually administered at the two-, four-, six-, 12-, and 15- to 18-month well-child visits; the four- to six-year well-child visit; and annually during influenza season. Additional vaccinations may be necessary based on medical history. 33 Immunization history should be reviewed at each wellness visit.

Anticipatory Guidance

Injuries remain the leading cause of death among children, 34 and the AAP has made several recommendations to decrease the risk of injuries. 35 – 42 Appropriate use of child restraints minimizes morbidity and mortality associated with motor vehicle collisions. Infants need a rear-facing car safety seat until two years of age or until they reach the height or weight limit for the specific car seat. Children should then switch to a forward-facing car seat for as long as the seat allows, usually 65 to 80 lb (30 to 36 kg). 35 Children should never be unsupervised around cars, driveways, and streets. Young children should wear bicycle helmets while riding tricycles or bicycles. 37

Having functioning smoke detectors and an escape plan decreases the risk of fire- and smoke-related deaths. 36 Water heaters should be set to a maximum of 120°F (49°C) to prevent scald burns. 37 Infants and young children should be watched closely around any body of water, including water in bathtubs and toilets, to prevent drowning. Swimming pools and spas should be completely fenced with a self-closing, self-latching gate. 38

Infants should not be left alone on any high surface, and stairs should be secured by gates. 43 Infant walkers should be discouraged because they provide no benefit and they increase falls down stairs, even if stair gates are installed. 39 Window locks, screens, or limited-opening windows decrease injury and death from falling. 40 Parents or caregivers should also anchor furniture to a wall to prevent heavy pieces from toppling over. Firearms should be kept unloaded and locked. 41

Young children should be closely supervised at all times. Small objects are a choking hazard, especially for children younger than three years. Latex balloons, round objects, and food can cause life-threatening airway obstruction. 42 Long strings and cords can strangle children. 37

DENTAL CARE

Infants should never have a bottle in bed, and babies should be weaned to a cup by 12 months of age. 44 Juices should be avoided in infants younger than 12 months. 45 Fluoride use inhibits tooth demineralization and bacterial enzymes and also enhances remineralization. 11 The AAP and USPSTF recommend fluoride supplementation and the application of fluoride varnish for teeth if the water supply is insufficient. 11 , 12 Begin brushing teeth at tooth eruption with parents or caregivers supervising brushing until mastery. Children should visit a dentist regularly, and an assessment of dental health should occur at well-child visits. 44

SCREEN TIME

Hands-on exploration of their environment is essential to development in children younger than two years. Video chatting is acceptable for children younger than 18 months; otherwise digital media should be avoided. Parents and caregivers may use educational programs and applications with children 18 to 24 months of age. If screen time is used for children two to five years of age, the AAP recommends a maximum of one hour per day that occurs at least one hour before bedtime. Longer usage can cause sleep problems and increases the risk of obesity and social-emotional delays. 46

To decrease the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), the AAP recommends that infants sleep on their backs on a firm mattress for the first year of life with no blankets or other soft objects in the crib. 45 Breastfeeding, pacifier use, and room sharing without bed sharing protect against SIDS; infant exposure to tobacco, alcohol, drugs, and sleeping in bed with parents or caregivers increases the risk of SIDS. 47

DIET AND ACTIVITY

The USPSTF, AAFP, and AAP all recommend breastfeeding until at least six months of age and ideally for the first 12 months. 48 Vitamin D 400 IU supplementation for the first year of life in exclusively breastfed infants is recommended to prevent vitamin D deficiency and rickets. 49 Based on expert opinion, the AAP recommends the introduction of certain foods at specific ages. Early transition to solid foods before six months is associated with higher consumption of fatty and sugary foods 50 and an increased risk of atopic disease. 51 Delayed transition to cow's milk until 12 months of age decreases the incidence of iron deficiency. 52 Introduction of highly allergenic foods, such as peanut-based foods and eggs, before one year decreases the likelihood that a child will develop food allergies. 53

With approximately 17% of children being obese, many strategies for obesity prevention have been proposed. 54 The USPSTF does not have a recommendation for screening or interventions to prevent obesity in children younger than six years. 54 The AAP has made several recommendations based on expert opinion to prevent obesity. Cessation of breastfeeding before six months and introduction of solid foods before six months are associated with childhood obesity and are not recommended. 55 Drinking juice should be avoided before one year of age, and, if given to older children, only 100% fruit juice should be provided in limited quantities: 4 ounces per day from one to three years of age and 4 to 6 ounces per day from four to six years of age. Intake of other sugar-sweetened beverages should be discouraged to help prevent obesity. 45 The AAFP and AAP recommend that children participate in at least 60 minutes of active free play per day. 55 , 56

Data Sources: Literature search was performed using the USPSTF published recommendations and the AAP Periodicity table . PubMed searches were completed using the key terms pediatric, obesity prevention, and allergy prevention with search limits of infant younger than 23 months or pediatric younger than 18 years. The searches included systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and position statements. Essential Evidence Plus was also reviewed. Search dates: May through October 2017.

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American Academy of Pediatrics; Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Hospital stay for healthy term newborns. Pediatrics. 2010;125(2):405-409.

Baker RD, Greer FR Committee on Nutrition, American Academy of Pediatrics. Diagnosis and prevention of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia in infants and young children (0–3 years of age). Pediatrics. 2010;126(5):1040-1050.

Mahle WT, Martin GR, Beekman RH, Morrow WR Section on Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Executive Committee. Endorsement of Health and Human Services recommendation for pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart disease. Pediatrics. 2012;129(1):190-192.

American Academy of Pediatrics Newborn Screening Authoring Committee. Newborn screening expands: recommendations for pediatricians and medical homes—implications for the system. Pediatrics. 2008;121(1):192-217.

American Academy of Pediatrics, Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. Year 2007 position statement: principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. Pediatrics. 2007;120(4):898-921.

Maisels MJ, Bhutani VK, Bogen D, Newman TB, Stark AR, Watchko JF. Hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn infant > or = 35 weeks' gestation: an update with clarifications. Pediatrics. 2009;124(4):1193-1198.

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Siu AL, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, et al. Screening for autism spectrum disorder in young children: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2016;315(7):691-696.

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Siu AL. Screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children aged 5 years and younger: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Pediatrics. 2015;136(2):e474-e481.

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Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2016;316(6):625-633.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents. October 2012. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/sites/default/files/media/docs/peds_guidelines_full.pdf . Accessed May 9, 2018.

Moyer VA. Screening for primary hypertension in children and adolescents: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(9):613-619.

Flynn JT, Kaelber DC, Baker-Smith CM, et al. Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents [published correction appears in Pediatrics . 2017;140(6):e20173035]. Pediatrics. 2017;140(3):e20171904.

Siu AL. Screening for iron deficiency anemia in young children: USPSTF recommendation statement. Pediatrics. 2015;136(4):746-752.

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for elevated blood lead levels in children and pregnant women. Pediatrics. 2006;118(6):2514-2518.

Screening Young Children for Lead Poisoning: Guidance for State and Local Public Health Officials . Atlanta, Ga.: U.S. Public Health Service; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Center for Environmental Health; 1997.

O'Connor E, Rossom RC, Henninger M, Groom HC, Burda BU. Primary care screening for and treatment of depression in pregnant and post-partum women: evidence report and systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016;315(4):388-406.

Earls MF Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health, American Academy of Pediatrics. Incorporating recognition and management of perinatal and postpartum depression into pediatric practice. Pediatrics. 2010;126(5):1032-1039.

Siu AL. Screening for depression in children and adolescents: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(5):360-366.

Weitzman C, Wegner L American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics; Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health; Council on Early Childhood; Society for Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics; American Academy of Pediatrics. Promoting optimal development: screening for behavioral and emotional problems [published correction appears in Pediatrics . 2015;135(5):946]. Pediatrics. 2015;135(2):384-395.

Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Owens DK, et al. Vision screening in children aged 6 months to 5 years: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2017;318(9):836-844.

Donahue SP, Nixon CN Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology, American Academy of Pediatrics; American Association of Certified Orthoptists, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Academy of Ophthalmology. Visual system assessment in infants, children, and young adults by pediatricians. Pediatrics. 2016;137(1):28-30.

Lin KW. What to do at well-child visits: the AAFP's perspective. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(6):362-364.

American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Community Pediatrics. Poverty and child health in the United States. Pediatrics. 2016;137(4):e20160339.

Lavigne JV, Lebailly SA, Hopkins J, Gouze KR, Binns HJ. The prevalence of ADHD, ODD, depression, and anxiety in a community sample of 4-year-olds. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009;38(3):315-328.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology, American Association of Certified Orthoptists, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Academy of Ophthalmology. Visual system assessment of infants, children, and young adults by pediatricians. Pediatrics. 2016;137(1):28-30.

American Academy of Family Physicians. Clinical preventive service recommendation. Immunizations. http://www.aafp.org/patient-care/clinical-recommendations/all/immunizations.html . Accessed October 5, 2017.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommended immunization schedule for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger, United States, 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child-adolescent.html . Accessed May 9, 2018.

National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. 10 leading causes of death by age group, United States—2015. https://www.cdc.gov/injury/images/lc-charts/leading_causes_of_death_age_group_2015_1050w740h.gif . Accessed April 24, 2017.

Durbin DR American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Child passenger safety. Pediatrics. 2011;127(4):788-793.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention. Reducing the number of deaths and injuries from residential fires. Pediatrics. 2000;105(6):1355-1357.

Gardner HG American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Office-based counseling for unintentional injury prevention. Pediatrics. 2007;119(1):202-206.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Prevention of drowning in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2003;112(2):437-439.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention. Injuries associated with infant walkers. Pediatrics. 2001;108(3):790-792.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention. Falls from heights: windows, roofs, and balconies. Pediatrics. 2001;107(5):1188-1191.

Dowd MD, Sege RD Council on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention Executive Committee; American Academy of Pediatrics. Firearm-related injuries affecting the pediatric population. Pediatrics. 2012;130(5):e1416-e1423.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Prevention of choking among children. Pediatrics. 2010;125(3):601-607.

Kendrick D, Young B, Mason-Jones AJ, et al. Home safety education and provision of safety equipment for injury prevention (review). Evid Based Child Health. 2013;8(3):761-939.

American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Oral Health. Maintaining and improving the oral health of young children. Pediatrics. 2014;134(6):1224-1229.

Heyman MB, Abrams SA American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition. Fruit juice in infants, children, and adolescents: current recommendations. Pediatrics. 2017;139(6):e20170967.

Council on Communications and Media. Media and young minds. Pediatrics. 2016;138(5):e20162591.

Moon RY Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: evidence base for 2016 updated recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment. Pediatrics. 2016;138(5):e20162940.

American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2012;129(3):e827-e841.

Wagner CL, Greer FR American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding; Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency in infants, children, and adolescents [published correction appears in Pediatrics . 2009;123(1):197]. Pediatrics. 2008;122(5):1142-1152.

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Greer FR, Sicherer SH, Burks AW American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition; Section on Allergy and Immunology. Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in infants and children: the role of maternal dietary restriction, breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and hydrolyzed formulas. Pediatrics. 2008;121(1):183-191.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. The use of whole cow's milk in infancy. Pediatrics. 1992;89(6 pt 1):1105-1109.

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American Academy of Family Physicians. Physical activity in children. https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/all/physical-activity.html . Accessed January 1, 2018.

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Home > What Happens at an Infant Well-Child Visit at 2 Months Old

What Happens at an Infant Well-Child Visit at 2 Months Old

When it comes to Cumming well-child checkups for infants and toddlers , two months is a milestone not to be overlooked. This checkup serves as a tool to gauge your child’s health and development, identifying any areas where intervention could be necessary. If you’re not sure what to expect from a well check at this age, we have a handy overview of its main features. Here are the key insights this checkup can provide.

What Parents Should Know About a 2-Month-Old Well-Child Visit

After a couple of months of parenthood with your baby, you’re probably noticing more alertness and responsiveness from your child. The well-child checkup at two months old is a chance to discuss these changes and get advice from your Cumming pediatrician.

Feeding Guidelines for a 2-Month-Old Infant

• Bottle-fed babies usually average 4-6 ounces every 3-6 hours (total intake 20-28 oz per day).
• Breastfed infants will start to adjust their feeds depending on hunger. If they are having greater than 5 wet diapers, appear satiated and are gaining weight, they are getting enough to eat.
• No supplemental water or solid is recommended at this time.
• Continue Vitamin D supplementation until 3 months for formula-fed infants and 6 months for breastfed infants.

Infant Care at 2 Months

• Most babies do not sleep through the night; although, the baby may start to sleep longer stretches. If the baby’s development has been normal so far, it is ok to not wake the baby every 6 hours to eat.
• Babies love to look around at this age. Provide plenty of opportunities for visual stimulation.
• You will find that you and your baby are slowly falling into a routine. Make sure that this routine includes a little time for yourself, time with your partner and time with other children. Remind yourself that quality, not quantity is important. It is amazing how much “helping change the diaper while talking about soccer” means to the other sibling.

Developmental Expectations for Your 2-Month-Old Infant

• You will note that your baby is now moving all extremities equally and will start to grasp a rattle in their hand.
• Your baby will also start to vocalize and have a social smile.
• Tummy time enables your baby to develop strong neck and trunk muscles. A great way to start is to lie on your back and hold the baby on your chest facing you. Gently turn their head from one side to the other and as the baby gains strength, they will achieve this task on their own.
• Among the normal newborn reflexes and behavior , grasping is an early sign of neurological development. When you stroke the palm of a newborn’s hand, their fingers will close around yours in a firm grip. This reflex will be present for a further month or two until it becomes a voluntary action.

Immunizations Needed at 2 Months Old

• Immunizations are a critical part of the baby’s well-being. Immunizations protect us from illnesses that have historically caused significant illness and death in children. Multiple studies are completed on the importance and safety of vaccines before they are added to the state’s mandatory list. Particular information on each vaccine is available on our website. The vaccines that are administered at the 2-month visit are the following. Pentacel – vaccinates against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, haemophilus influenza type B, and polio (These bacteria and viruses can cause severe respiratory infections, meningitis, epiglottitis, some ear infections, lockjaw, and paralysis) Hep B – vaccinates against hepatitis B which is a virus that can cause a serious liver infection PCV-13 – vaccinates against the pneumococcal bacteria which can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and some ear infections Rotateq – oral live vaccine that vaccinates against bacteria that can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration
• You may give a dose of Tylenol to alleviate any discomfort from the shot administration – this can be given to your baby before you come in for the visit. Common side effects from these vaccines include fussiness, fever (usually less than 102 degrees) and mild redness or swelling at the injection site. Use of Tylenol for greater than 72 hours to control fever or fever greater than 102 with increased irritability warrants a call to the office.

When to Call Your Pediatrician for a 2-Month-Old Baby

• Fever is the body’s normal response to a viral or bacterial infection and aids the immune system in fighting it off. When a baby is a newborn, the number of the temperature is important because they have the potential to be overwhelmed by a simple infection. A fever over 102 should be evaluated since the baby’s immune system is considered immature.
• For 0-3 months old, a rectal measurement is the most accurate. At 3 months and older you may take an axillary (underarm) measurement. A temperature greater than 100.4 should be double-checked with a rectal measurement.

Professional Pediatric Care for Infants and Toddlers in Cumming

Vickery Pediatrics is committed to offering expert healthcare services for children of all ages. We provide well-child visits and sick care to children from Cumming, Buford, Dawsonville, Gainesville, Johns Creek, Sugar Hill, Suwanee and Forsyth County. To schedule your baby’s two-month well-child checkup, call (678) 990-2501 or request an appointment today .

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All About Your 2-Month Old Baby's Milestones

If you're curious about your 2-month-old's milestones, you've come to the right place.

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• Next in Baby's First Year 3 Month Old Baby Milestones to Know

Your baby is 2 months old, an amazing milestone for you both. You are slowly emerging out of the newborn haze of the last few months, and your baby is no longer a bundled up newborn. They're now opening their eyes, stretching their legs, and breaking out into the cutest little baby smiles.

While 2 months is a very exciting time developmentally, it’s not without challenges. Your baby still may have some colic now , and some fussy evenings. Not only that, but they aren’t sleeping through the night yet. It’s normal if you are still feeling exhausted and overwhelmed, even as you marvel at the amazing ways your baby has grown and changed.

Let’s take a look at all your 2-month-old's milestones, as well as what to know about everything from feeding to sleep to health and safety.

At This Age

• Development : Your baby is generally more communicative now; they may be starting to smile when they see you and will be starting to “coo.”
• Sleep : Your baby is not sleeping through the night yet, but may be sleeping longer stretches at night.
• Food : Your baby still needs to eat frequently and according to their cues, but you may be able to create a more structured feeding routine with them now.

An Overview of Your Baby's 2-Month-Old Development

At 2 months, your baby is much more social than they were at birth, says  Melitza J Cobham-Browne , MD, medical director of pediatrics at UCI Health Family Health Centers. “Your 2-month-old baby will become more interactive and will smile to the sound of your voice,” she notes.

That’s right—your baby likely has had their first social smile by now! More and more, they will smile responsively. You might notice them smile when they see your face, when they see you make a funny sound, or when you read or sing to them.  They may start turning their head to different people, depending on who is speaking.

But your baby isn’t just communicating with their delightful smiles. They are also more “talkative” than ever. You may notice your baby cooing, gurgling, and just generally experimenting with their vocal cords.

“The most prominent development at this age is vocalization,” says  Roya Samuels , MD, a pediatrician in the division of general pediatrics at  Cohen Children’s Medical Center . “At 2 months, you will notice your infant cooing with soft vowel sounds.”  

It’s not just cooing and vowel sounds that your baby communicates with. They communicate by crying and fussing too. The silver lining here, though, is that you are likely getting better at distinguishing between their different cries and complaints, and they are more able to vary these to be better understood.

Your Baby's Growth at 2 Months

Your baby is starting to grow very rapidly! At 2 months, they are growing by about two pounds and 1 ½-2 inches in length per month.  Their face is probably looking a little rounder, and their arms and legs may be starting to have some rolls.

Of course, all babies are different, and there is a wide range of normal. Some are leaner, some are more “roly-poly.” As long as your baby is growing according to their own curve, meeting their milestones, and is healthy, they are totally on track.

2-Month Old Physical and Cognitive Milestones

You are probably noticing that your baby is getting stronger each day. They should be able to lift their head 45 degrees when you place them on their tummy, says Dr. Cobham-Browne. Your baby will start to move their head from side to side and look around from this position as well. They may also be starting to lift their arms up, like a little baby airplane.

To help practice these skills, and encourage healthy movement, Dr. Cobham-Browne encourages parents to practice “tummy time” several times a day. “I strongly encourage ‘tummy time’ for five to 10 minutes, two to three times a day,” she says. “Always remain at your baby’s side when doing ‘tummy time.’”

Something else you may notice is that your baby’s eyesight is getting sharper . They are better able to focus on nearby objects and people and are starting to see colors more clearly, especially bright colors. They also enjoy looking at patterns and shapes.

“Your baby will be able to focus on your face and on close objects,” Dr. Cobham-Browne describes. “They can also follow you with their eyes if you move.”

Dr. Cobham-Browne warns that while your baby's eyes still “wander” to some extent at this age, they should be focusing more and more by now. “If you are noticing ‘wandering eyes’ after 3 months you should let your healthcare provider know for further evaluation,” she recommends.

Additional 2-Month-Old Behaviors

Other milestones you may notice at 2 months include:

• Many of your baby’s newborn reflexes have disappeared by now
• Your baby’s movements are less jerky and more deliberate
• Your baby more purposefully brings their hands to their mouth
• Your baby starts to learn to self-soothe by sucking on their hands or fingers
• Your baby will begin to swipe at objects and attempt to hold onto small objects

2-Month Old Feeding Milestones

If you are breastfeeding, you should still expect to be feeding your baby quite frequently. At 2 months, breastfed babies tend to nurse at least eight times in a 24 hour period, often more. If you are lucky, your baby is sleeping somewhat longer stretches at night, but babies this age still need to be fed when they wake up at night.

Still, your breastfeeding schedule should be a little less random by now, and while you shouldn’t set a strict feeding schedule for your baby at this age, you might be able to come up with a feeding routine that is somewhat more predictable.

Gina Posner, MD, a pediatrician at  MemorialCare Orange Coast Medical Center  in Fountain Valley, CA, recommends continuing to breastfeed on-demand at this age, but adds you can be a little more structured now. “Some people do like setting up a regular schedule, but be prepared to deviate from it because they do sometimes want to eat more or less frequently than you had planned,” she suggests.

Formula-fed babies will be able to space out their feedings more than breastfed babies at this age. If you are formula feeding, you can feed your baby every four hours or so, though you can feed them more frequently if they are hungry. Formula-fed babies will take in about five or six ounces a feeding at this age. Again, you should go by your baby’s cues, and feed them more or less depending on what they seem to need.

Dr. Cobham-Browne warns against the practice of “bottle propping,” which is where you use an object such as a folded receiving blanket to prop your baby’s bottle up for “hands-free” feeding. “I strongly discourage propping the bottle on a pillow and lying baby flat on the bed,” says Dr. Cobham-Browne. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) explains that this practice can lead to choking as well as an increased risk of ear infections.

2-Month-Old Sleep Milestones

Sleep—or lack thereof—is probably at the top of your mind as the parent of a 2-month-old. There are some babies this age who seem to sleep like angels, only waking once or twice a night, and drifting soundly back to sleep each time.

Other babies wake much more often at this age , sometimes  many  times per night. There is a wide range of normal when it comes to baby sleep patterns at this age, and you are doing nothing wrong if your baby is still waking very frequently.

Your baby is still likely sleeping about 14-17 hours a day now, with more of their sleep happening at night, and less of it during the day. By now, your baby is taking several naps per day, as many as three or four.  Gradually, they will settle into a routine of about three naps per day, and then two naps per day in a couple more months down the road.

At this age, you don’t have to wake your baby if they are sleeping soundly, says Dr. Posner. “There is no need to wake the baby to feed at night as long as they are demonstrating healthy weight gain,” she assures.

2-Month-Old Routine, Activities, and Schedule

Your baby is starting to sleep less during the day, so you will probably be looking for activities to fill in those moments when they are awake and alert.  Why not hone in on the skills your baby is currently working on, and pick activities that excite their newly emerging interests?

Since your baby is reacting more to the sights and sounds around them, you might consider taking them on more walks outside or even walks through a place like a park or a zoo. Strap them in a baby carrier or stroller  and go on your way. Your baby may not know exactly what they are seeing, but they will appreciate the bright colors and interesting sounds.

Another thing to do with your baby is to start reading to them. Choose books with bright colors and pages that make crinkly sounds. You can modulate the tones your voice makes, and be as silly as you want. Your baby will love this!

2-Month-Old Health Milestones

It’s time for your baby’s 2-month-old visit to a pediatrician or health care provider.  This is a very exciting moment for you and your baby. At this visit, the provider will discuss your baby’s growth, development, and examine them to make sure they are healthy. You should come to the visit armed with any questions you may have. Don’t be afraid to share whatever is on your mind—this health care provider is there to help you be the best parent you can be.

Your baby will get several vaccines during this visit, including rotavirus vaccine, diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP), Haemophilus influenza type B vaccine (Hib), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and polio vaccine (IPV). Your baby will also likely get a second dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) if they haven’t already.

It’s common for parents to feel overwhelmed by the sheer number of vaccines their baby receives at this visit, but you can trust that this regiment has been studied carefully, and millions of babies have received these vaccines without issues. Many of these vaccines are given in a combined form so that your baby won’t have to encounter quite so many needles at once.

2-Month-Old Care Basics

As your baby starts to sleep more during the night, and starts to have more of a routine around naps, you may have some baby sleep care questions. For example, you may have questions about how and when to use a pacifier, and how much longer it’s okay to swaddle your baby . Let’s take a look at these two concerns.

Not all babies like pacifiers , but if your baby does, it can be a useful tool when it comes to sleep. In fact, the Academy of American Pediatrics (AAP) recommends pacifier use during the first few months of life to protect against SIDS.

However, the AAP warns against using the pacifiers to replace your baby’s feedings and explains that you should never tie the pacifier to your baby’s crib or have them wear it around their neck. As for cleaning, follow the manufacturer’s instructions. It’s important that a young baby’s pacifiers are kept sterile since they are prone to serious illnesses and infections.

The AAP considers swaddling a safe practice if done correctly. Importantly, you shouldn’t make the swaddle too tight around your baby’s hips, as this can lead to hip dysplasia .

Unfortunately, you are nearing the end of when swaddling is an appropriate practice for babies. The AAP says that once babies are able to roll onto their stomachs, you should stop swaddling your baby.

Safety Considerations for 2-Month-Old Babies

There are a lot of health and safety factors to keep in mind, especially as your baby gets older. But one thing that parents may not be aware of is the importance of preventing hot car deaths . After car crashes, hot car deaths are the leading cause of vehicular deaths among kids aged 15 and younger.

Babies and young children are very susceptible to temperature fluctuations, so it’s vital that you keep the car at a comfortable temperature. Heatstroke can occur at temperatures as low as 57 degrees F. It’s important to keep air circulating, use the air conditioner when appropriate, and never leave your child alone in the car.

Most hot car deaths occur accidentally when a parent forgets to take their child out of the car. This is more likely to happen if your routine changes or if someone else is taking your child to daycare or on errands. It can be helpful to keep your bag or phone in the backseat so that you always remember to be aware of what is sitting in the back seat before exiting your car.

  1-3 Months Old Baby Development . Children’s Health of Orange County.

Your Child's Development: 2 Months . Nemours Children’s Health. 

Strabismus and Amblyopia . Boston Children's Hospital.

Practical Bottle Feeding Tips . American Academy of Pediatrics. 

Important Milestones: Your Baby By Two Months . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Checkup Checklist: 2 Months Old . American Academy of Pediatrics. 

Pacifiers and Thumb Sucking . American Academy of Pediatrics. 

Swaddling: Is it Safe? American Academy of Pediatrics. 

Prevent Child Deaths in Hot Cars . American Academy of Pediatrics. 

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2-Month Vaccines: What You Should Know

2-month vaccinations, diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (dtap), haemophilus influenzae type b (hib), polio vaccine (ipv), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv), hepatitis b (hbv), rotavirus (rv), side effects, when to contact the pediatrician, when to call 911.

At their 2-month wellness check, babies are usually scheduled to receive several vaccines, including:

• Diphtheria , tetanus , acellular pertussis ( DTaP )
• Haemophilus influenzae type B ( Hib )
• Inactivated polio vaccine ( IPV )
• Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( PCV )
• Hepatitis B vaccine ( HBV )
• Rotavirus vaccine ( RV )

This article discusses recommended vaccinations, possible side effects, and how to comfort infants during and after their appointment.  

SDI Productions / Getty Images

While babies are born with a fairly strong immune system, there are some diseases that can be severe and are hard to fight on their own. Vaccinations are given to help their immune system prevent these diseases. 

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends an immunization schedule that includes six vaccinations for 2-month old babies.

Most vaccinations are given as a shot. However, the rotavirus vaccine (RV) is given by mouth through liquid drops. 

Alternate Names for Vaccinations

Vaccinations may also be referred to as:

• Innoculation
• Immunization

Comforting Your Baby

Write down questions you have and bring available shot records with you to the appointment. It’s also helpful to pack your baby’s favorite toy, pacifier, or blanket to comfort them during the visit.

During the appointment, you can help your baby by:

• Holding them
• Distracting them with toys or singing
• Smiling and whispering reassuring words

After the appointment, you can comfort your baby by:

• Breastfeeding or bottle-feeding
• Offering a pacifier
• Swaddling with their favorite blanket
• Giving them Tylenol (acetaminophen) as needed for pain if approved by your healthcare provider

The DTaP vaccination is given in five doses. The first dose begins at 2-months and the final at 4-6 years old. DTaP helps prevent the following diseases:

• Tetanus  
• Pertussis (whooping cough)

Is it DTaP or Tdap?

Both the DTaP and Tdap are vaccines that protect against the same diseases. The first five doses given are the DTaP. Tdap is the booster given around 11 years or older. 

Haemophilus influenzae type B ( Hib ) is often confused with seasonal influenza ( flu ) because of their similar names. However, these are two different diseases. Seasonal influenza is a virus, while Hib is a bacteria that can cause:

• Pneumonia (lung infection)
• Sepsis (bloodstream infection)
• Epiglottitis (swelling in the upper airway or windpipe) 

The Hib vaccine is scheduled as three or four doses depending on the brand. It is given at the following ages:

• 6 months (if needed depending on vaccine brand)
• 12-14 months

Hib Statistics

Between 1989 and 2000, Hib rates in the United States dropped by 99% due to vaccinations.

In the late 1940s, polio was a highly feared disease that caused paralysis. After polio vaccinations, infections in the U.S. decreased dramatically.  

Children in the U.S. get a shot called an inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Other countries may use an oral polio vaccine (OPV).

IPV is given over four doses at the following ages:

• 6-18 months

Polio Cases in the United States

No cases of polio have originated in the U.S since 1979. In 1993 one case came into the country through travel. Healthcare providers may choose to increase the pace of polio vaccines for children traveling to a high-risk country.

The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( PCV ) protects against a bacterial infection that causes ear or sinus infections, meningitis, and pneumonia.

The PCV vaccine is given in four doses at the following ages:

• 12-15 months

Pneumococcal Disease

Streptococcus pneumoniae or pneumococcus are bacteria that cause pneumococcal disease. Immunization against these diseases is important because they can be invasive and severe.

Hepatitis B (HBV) is a potentially serious viral infection that causes damage to the liver. It is passed through body fluids or from mother to baby. The hepatitis B vaccine ( HBV ) is given in three doses at the following ages:

• Shortly after birth
• 1-2 months 

Protecting Your Baby from Hepatitis B After Delivery

Moms can have hepatitis B without symptoms and unknowingly pass it to their babies at birth. This is why infants usually receive the first dose within the first 12 hours of their life.

Rotavirus (RV) is a gastrointestinal virus that causes stomach pain, severe vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration (loss of fluid). The RV vaccination is given as drops in the mouth. 

There are two brands of this vaccine. One brand is given at 2- and 4-months-old. The other brand includes a third dose given at 6-months-old.

If babies experience side effects after vaccines they are usually mild.

The most common side effects include:

• Soreness, redness, or swelling at the site of the shot 
• Low-grade fever (100-102 degrees or lower) 

Less common side effects include:

• Fussiness or irritability
• Loss of appetite
• Diarrhea or vomiting

What About Severe Side Effects?

Severe side effects or allergic reactions are very rare. If you are concerned about this possibility, talk to your healthcare provider before the appointment.

What to Do If Your Baby Has Side Effects

To help minimize mild reactions, you can try the following:

• A cool cloth to reduce redness and swelling 
• A room temperature sponge bath for low-grade fevers
• Feed your baby more often for comfort and hydration
• Give Tylenol (acetaminophen) if approved by your pediatrician

Medications to Reduce Fever and Discomfort

Motrin or Advil (ibuprofen) is usually not given to babies less than 6-months-old. Tylenol (acetaminophen) is safe for infants 2-months-old and up with approval from their healthcare provider. Children should not receive aspirin unless directed by their healthcare provider.

If your baby has any of the following symptoms, contact their healthcare provider:

• Fever greater than 104 degrees
• Redness at the shot site larger than 1 inch or lasting longer than three days
• High-pitched crying lasting over one hour
• Nonstop crying for three hours or more
• Fussiness for more than three days 
• Severe vomiting or diarrhea

If you think your infant is having a life-threatening emergency or any of the following rare reactions, call 911 immediately:

• Trouble breathing
• Trouble swallowing
• Lethargy (not moving or very weak)
• Not waking up

Vaccinations are usually given at an infant’s 2-month wellness visit to help protect them from preventable diseases. You can help comfort your baby by holding them and offering them their favorite blanket, pacifier, or toy. Vaccination side effects are generally mild and can be treated at home to ease any discomfort.

A Word From Verywell

It's understandable that parents may have concerns about infant vaccinations. It's important to know that while mild reactions are possible, severe ones are extremely rare. A child's safety is paramount, so you shouldn’t hesitate to discuss any concerns with your child’s healthcare providers. Vaccinations play a crucial role in safeguarding your child's health and providing protection against serious diseases, and the benefits of timely vaccination far outweigh the minimal risks.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vaccines for your children: 1-2 months .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Child and adolescent immunization schedule by age (Addendum updated June 27, 2024) .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Make shots less stressful for your child .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine: What you need to know.

Immunization Action Coalition. Ask the Experts: Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hib vaccination: What everyone should know .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vaccines and preventable diseases: polio .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Pneumococcal vaccine recommendations .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). About pneumococcal disease .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Hepatitis B .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Rotavirus . 

Seattle Children’s Hospital. Immunization reactions .

Daley M, O'Leary S, Nyquist A, et al. Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Pediatrics . 25th ed. New York: McGraw Hill;Chapter 10:2022.

Immunization Action Coalition. After the shots .

St Louis Children’s Hospital. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) dose table .

Contemporary Pediatrics. 2021 CDC vaccine schedule .

By Brandi Jones, MSN-ED RN-BC Jones is a registered nurse and freelance health writer with more than two decades of healthcare experience.

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2-Month-Old Baby: Feeding, Sleep, and Milestones by Month

Learn about 2-month-old milestones your newborn baby will achieve, how much they should eat and sleep, and activities you can do with them.

by Rande Ludwig

Medically reviewed by Melissa Hardy

2-Month Developmental Milestones

2-month-old feeding schedule, 2-month-old sleep schedule, daily schedule, what to expect at your 2-month well-child visit, health concerns to watch out for.

Reaching two months old is a significant milestone not only for your baby but also for you as a parent. You have survived the first months home with a newborn, and you are starting to grow your parenting legs. With each new month, you may wonder what comes next in your baby’s growth and development. This article will help you understand the new 2-month-old milestones they will achieve, how much they should eat and sleep, and what activities you can do with a 2-month-old.

Each month, your baby will learn more and more skills, propelling them along their developmental path. As your 2-month-old grows, these are some of the developmental milestones they should be reaching: 1

• Holding their head up when on their tummy
• Moving both arms and legs equally
• Briefly opening and closing their hands
• Watching others as they move or walk around
• Focusing on your face or a toy for several seconds
• Making sounds other than crying, such as cooing
• Calming down when talked to or when picked up
• Smiling at you when you talk or smile at them
• Responding to loud noises

At the 2-month-old milestone mark, your baby will start to have a more predictable feeding schedule than they did as a newborn. They will still eat every two to four hours during the day, but it will be more predictable and can include a longer stretch between feedings at night. 2-month-olds typically eat 4 to 5 ounces of formula or breast milk with each feeding. 2

Signs of Hunger

For most 2-month-old babies, their hunger cues are similar to that of a newborn. These include: 3

• Putting their hands to their mouth repeatedly
• Turning their head toward the breast or bottle nipple
• Puckering, smacking, or licking their lips
• Clenching their hands

Many babies will cry when they are hungry, but this is also a late sign of hunger. As your baby grows at the 2-month-old milestone, you will become better able to recognize their hunger cues to avoid reaching this late-stage hunger cue. 3

Signs of Fullness

While your baby has started to space out the length between their feedings, it is essential to monitor them for signs of fullness and for signs that they are getting enough to eat. Some signs of fullness include: 3

• Closing their mouth when presented with the breast or bottle nipple
• Turning their head away from the breast or bottle nipple
• Pushing the breast or bottle away
• Relaxing their hands

Your newborn will feed more frequently when they are going through a growth spurt, and it can be hard to know if they are getting enough to eat. The best way to determine this is to check their diaper. Your baby should have a minimum of five to six wet diapers a day and poop on a regular schedule. Some babies will poop several times a day, while others may go a few days in between poops. As long as your baby is having their normal number of wet and poopy diapers a day and gaining weight appropriately, you know they are getting enough to eat. 2

Many parents ask, “When do babies start sleeping through the night?” and for most babies, that will not happen until around three months or later. Sleeping through the night is typically seen as sleeping for six to eight hours without waking. Babies under three months of age cannot go that long in between feedings, so waking up during the night is expected. 4

As your baby grows out of the newborn stage, they will develop a new sleep schedule. Most babies at the 2-month-old milestone will sleep about 14-17 hours a day, split into two to three daytime naps and a longer stretch of sleep at night. 5 Many breastfed babies can sleep four to five hours in between feedings at night, while many formula-fed babies will sleep five to six hours in between nighttime feedings. 6 Don’t be alarmed if your baby wakes more frequently throughout the night than is expected; it is completely normal for a 2-month-old to wake multiple times a night as they continue to develop their sleep schedule.

Even though your 2-month-old will start to have a more predictable sleep schedule, some babies will still struggle or only sleep when held. To help your baby adjust to sleeping in their crib, try putting them down in their crib just before they fall asleep. This will help them adjust to sleeping without being held. 11

Even at two months, your baby’s daily schedule is dictated mainly by their nap and feeding schedule. Their feeding and sleeping schedule may be more predictable than it was as a newborn, but that doesn’t mean they will stick to a strict schedule. Trying to have a strict daily schedule can lead to stress and frustration. Your baby’s preferred sleep or feeding times may change daily as they grow, and that’s okay!

At their 2-month-old milestone, your baby will have a well-child visit with their pediatrician. At this visit, your pediatrician will monitor their weight gain, perform a physical and developmental exam, and discuss any immunizations your child may need. 7

Monitoring your baby’s weight will be a primary focus during these well-child visits. While many parents want to know the average weight for a 2-month-old, that is a difficult number to nail. Every baby is born at a different rate and will have their growth patterns. Most babies will gain about 1 ounce daily, but that can vary. Your doctor will monitor your baby’s weight to make sure they are growing at a steady rate. 13

Many parents have heard of the two-month vaccines but may be unfamiliar with what vaccines those are. The vaccines a baby receives at two months old include: 8

• Hepatitis B vaccine
• Rotavirus vaccine
• Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis vaccine (DTaP)
• Haemophilus influenza type B vaccine (Hib)
• Pneumococcal vaccine
• Inactivate polio vaccine

Concerns to Mention to the Doctor

While this may seem like a ton of vaccines to receive simultaneously, it is perfectly safe for your baby to receive these at their 2-month-old milestone visit. Many of these vaccines are combined to reduce the amount of shots needed and are typically given in three intramuscular shots (usually the thigh) and one as an oral vaccine. Please speak with your doctor if you have any questions or concerns regarding the vaccines your baby may receive. 8

Your baby’s well-child visit is the perfect time to bring up any concerns you may have about their feeding, development, or overall health. Some concerns you would want to notify your pediatrician about are: 9

• Your baby is having trouble feeding or is not able to eat enough
• They don’t react to loud noises
• They aren’t able to follow objects or faces with their eyes
• They seem stiff or floppy in their arms, legs, or both

Young babies are more susceptible to illness because their immune systems have not had the time to develop fully. Some common illnesses you will want to watch for in your baby include: 7

• Diarrhea or vomiting that causes dehydration
• Increased irritability that is accompanied by a fever or rash
• Skin irritations
• Respiratory infections such as a cold
• A fever over 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit, which is not common and indicates that your baby needs to be seen immediately by their doctor

Activities for 2-Month-Olds

As your baby enters their second month, they will be more awake. A 2-month-old’s wake window can be as long as two hours. 12 This longer period awake will give you and your 2-month-old plenty of time to work on their developmental milestones. Some fun activities you can do with your baby include: 1

• Shaking a rattle next to their head and seeing if they look for the sound
• Mimicking your baby’s sounds
• Having your baby look at themselves in the mirror
• Encouraging supervised tummy time with toys at eye level in front of them
• Talking to your baby as you feed, change, and bathe them
• Cuddling and holding your baby

Safety Tips

Having a newborn and keeping them safe from danger can seem overwhelming. At this age, babies cannot move around by themselves, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t safety measures that need to be implemented. At this age, safety is geared toward keeping the environment around your baby safe. This can include: 10

• Not drinking hot liquids while holding your baby
• Using a playpen to keep them in a safe area
• Not using baby walkers
• Use toys that do not come apart, don’t have sharp edges, or aren’t smaller than your baby’s mouth
• Setting your water heater to less than 120 degrees Fahrenheit
• Not leaving your baby unattended with siblings or pets
• Not leaving your baby alone in a place where they can fall, like a couch or bed

The second month of your baby’s life is filled with growth. It is such a fun time watching them meet their 2-month-old milestones, thrive, and develop new daily skills. Your baby has grown much over the first months of their life, and some of the most exciting parts are yet to come!

We consult and analyze information from reliable authorities in their respective fields to support our research and writing. These include peer-reviewed journals, government and advocacy organizations, and academic sources. We aim to inform and educate readers and provide them with up-to-date, factual information. For more details about our content standards, please review our editorial policy .

1. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd2mo.html

2. https://www.healthychildren.org/eea-sbfn

3. https://www.cdc.gov/niatdn/mnn

4. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/90-P02237

5. https://kidshealth.org/en13m.html

6. https://kidshealth.org/en2mos6.html

7. https://kidshealth.org/enmed13m.html

8. https://www.healthychildren.org/8EnCh.aspx

9. https://www.mayoclinic.org/20048012

10. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/22063

11. https://www.nhs.uk/c11bcfnc/

12. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/14300

13. https://www.mayoclinic.org/20058037

Rande Ludwig is a registered nurse who specializes in neonatal nursing. She earned her nursing degree from the University of North Dakota. After earning her degree, she began working in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit in various hospitals throughout the country. She obtained her national certification in Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing in 2020.

Dr. Hardy has supported and advocated for parents and babies since she started pediatric residency with her own newborn daughter. She found her passion for lactation care and helping parents through the transition to parenthood in becoming an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) during residency. After graduating from the College of St. Benedict, finishing medical school and completing her pediatric residency at the University of Minnesota, she settled in MN with her husband and children and started a general pediatrics job. In wanting to focus more on the newborn and lactation aspect of patient care, she joined Dr. Michelle Haggerty in her Fourth Trimester Doc practice providing in-home newborn and lactation care. Dr. Hardy continues to provide general pediatric…

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Man charged over hijacking of car with five-month-old baby inside

A man charged with hijacking a car and abduction of a five-month-old baby girl who was in the vehicle when it was taken ‘by force’ in Dublin city centre has been remanded in custody.

Noel Ryan, 47, appeared before Judge Gerard Jones at Dublin District Court on Thursday evening. Judge Jones heard the car was seized with the child on board while the mother ‘was taking the buggy out of the boot’ at Mountjoy Square West.

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Mr Ryan, of no fixed abode, was charged with abduction and car hijacking.

The baby was in the back of a car on Mountjoy Square West on Monday afternoon.

Her mother had just stepped out of the car which was then taken at around 1.50pm with the infant, wearing a pink cardigan with ladybugs, pink headband, blue denim leggings and pink boots, still sitting in the back.

The incident led to gardai issuing an urgent child rescue alert and a public appeal for assistance in tracing the whereabouts of the baby.

The car, with the child still in it, was found parked on North Richmond Street, Dublin 1, shortly after 4 pm by a garda unit on patrol. She was not injured and was reunited with her parents.

On Tuesday, gardai arrested the accused who was held at Mountjoy station. Shortly after 3 pm Thursday he was charged with two offences at Mountjoy Square West on September 23: unlawful seizure of the car contrary to section 10 of the Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act 1976, and taking the baby from lawful control of her parent, which comes under section 17 of the Non-Fatal Offences Against the Person Act.

He was brought to the evening court sitting.

Mr Ryan remained silent during the proceedings and has yet to indicate a plea.

Detective Garda Paul Griffin said Mr Ryan ‘made no reply to the charges after caution’ and he was handed a copy of the charges.

The detective added that there were objections to bail, but defence solicitor Eoin Lysaght said his client was not making a bail application at this stage.

Judge Jones asked for an outline of the facts. Detective Garda said, ‘It’s alleged the accused unlawfully seized a vehicle on September 23, at 1.45 pm. The vehicle was taken by force from the mother while a five-month-old child was in the rear seat of the vehicle.’

‘She was at the rear of the vehicle, judge,’ Detective Garda Griffin said, adding, ‘she was taking the buggy out of the boot.’

‘She was outside the car; the accused then entered the vehicle and drove off. The vehicle was later recovered at 4pm; the child was present and unharmed,’ the detective told the court.

Judge Jones noted there no application to bail at this stage and remanded Mr Ryan in custody to appear on October 3 at Cloverhill District Court. He also ordered the defence to give gardai 48 hours notice of any bail application. Legal aid was granted.

Section 93 of the Children Act applies to media coverage of the case to protect the infant’s right to anonymity.

The legislation states, ‘No report shall be published or included in a broadcast which reveals the name, address or school of any child concerned in the proceedings or includes any particulars likely to lead to the identification of any child concerned in the proceedings.’

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New York City officer killed during traffic stop shootout, first cop slaying for city in 2 years

Charges are pending Tuesday against the man who allegedly  shot and killed a decorated police officer  during a Queens traffic stop the prior evening, as New York City reels from its first slaying of an NYPD cop in two years.

The 34-year-old suspect, who has not been identified, was shot in the back amid the frenzy in Far Rockaway. He is expected to survive.

According to investigators, NYPD officer Jonathan Diller, a three-year member of the force assigned to the Community Response Team, was with another officer near Mott Avenue and Beach 19th Street when the two approached a vehicle illegally parked at a bus stop around 6 p.m. Monday. Two men were inside the vehicle.

Authorities said the passenger got out of the vehicle with the gun and fired, shooting Diller in the torso underneath his bulletproof vest. Diller’s partner returned fire, striking the suspect.

The suspect then dropped the gun, and Diller tried to grab it, officials said. The officer was taken to a hospital in critical condition and later died, New York City Mayor Eric Adams said at a late-evening press conference.

“It was because of a senseless act of violence...a person had a total disregard for the safety of this city,” Adams said.

“This dangerous individual inflicted a level of violence that took the life of a police officer, of a husband, a son,” the mayor continued. “This is a loved one that we lost, a young man. My heart goes out to his family ...We lost one of our sons today, and it is extremely painful.”

The driver of the car that had been pulled over was previously arrested on gun charges in April 2023, according to police officials, and had 14 prior arrests. He was not the man with the gun. He was taken into custody at the scene.

The second officer was taken to a hospital for treatment of Tinnitus. He was not wounded in the gunfight.

Video of the scene shows a car with an apparent bullet hole in the passenger side door. Officers recovered a firearm at the scene. The shooting took place right outside of City Councilwoman Selvena Brooks-Powers’ office.

“There will be plenty of time for anger, grief and for processing pain. But right now, our thoughts are with our fellow officers family, his fellow cops, and every member of the New York Police Department. But most of all, they’re with the officer himself,” said NYPD Commissioner Edward Caban.

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In his three years with the NYPD, Diller had received four department recognitions.

“It takes unimaginable courage to protect and serve New York City, knowing there’s a chance you might not make it home to your family at the end of the day. NYPD Officer Jonathan Diller was the personification of that courage, and his heroism in making the ultimate sacrifice in the name of public safety will never be forgotten,” said Queens Borough President Donovan Richards. “My heart breaks for his family, friends, colleagues and the entire NYPD.”

 Myles Miller is a reporter for NBC New York.

Tom Shea is a producer for NBC New York.