differentiate tourism to hospitality

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Tourism vs. Hospitality – Decoding the Differences

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The hospitality and tourism industries are closely connected, but they are not the same thing. Though both connect to travel and leisure, these two industries have distinct differences that need to be understood if you are considering a degree or career in the field. By knowing how they are different, you can choose the right degree that will help you achieve your desired career path.

What is the Difference Between Tourism and Hospitality?

Hospitality is a field that focuses on providing accommodations to visitors at hospitality-related industries, such as hotels, motels, restaurants, cruise ships, country clubs, casinos, and convention centers, while tourism is focused on providing quality attractions and events in order to entice tourists to come.

For each of these fields to be successful, they focus on specific ways to keep people satisfied so they will return. Hospitality businesses must build strong relationships with their guests to not only prevent them from going to a competitor, but to keep them coming back. Many tourism businesses are classified as hospitality businesses as they must also have meaningful relationships, but they are more focused on traveling activities that may include heavy planning and marketing.

What are the Similarities Between Tourism and Hospitality?

Both the hospitality and tourism industries focus on serving people when they travel. These are highly competitive and always-changing fields that require people to be able to adapt to a changing market and work environment. Both tourism and hospitality professionals need to be good marketers to draw potential clients and customers to their industries.

What Jobs are there in the Travel and Tourism Industry?

The travel and tourism industry focuses on helping people plan and execute their travel arrangements. Some jobs in tourism management include:

Travel Agent

A travel agent is a great career path for people who majored in tourism. Travel agents work with their clients to plan their trips, so they must be highly organized and have a knowledge of the travel industry so they can book resorts, cruise ships, airline travel, and more for their clients.

Travel agents also assist clients with their travel budgets by calculating travel costs and helping clients choose trips and adventures that fit within their budget. They also can assist clients with getting their passports or other paperwork in order so they can legally travel.

The pay for a travel agent varies because they often earn commissions based on the trips and services they book, as well as the setting they work in. Travel agents can work independently or work with a travel agency, depending on the demand in their area.

Flight Attendant

A flight attendant works in an airline to help travelers get to their destination safely and comfortably. While travelers often see the simple work of the flight attendant, such as passing out snacks and collecting garbage, flight attendants are also trained on how to help protect passenger safety if something goes wrong.

Flight attendants need to be good at working with people, even those who are not in a good mood or who face frustration when they travel. One of the main benefits of this profession is getting to travel to and explore many destinations around the world.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that the demand for flight attendants will increase by 17% from 2019 to 2029, so it is a great time to pursue this career path.

What Jobs Are There in the Hospitality Industry?

Jobs within hotels, restaurants, and event centers tend to fall in the hospitality industry category. Hotel managers, event managers, hotel clerks, bar managers, and chefs are just a few examples in this industry, with details as follows:

Hotel Manager

A hotel manager makes sure that guests are comfortable during their stay in a hotel or resort. They may have to arrange for blankets or other amenities to be taken to hotel rooms, oversee the employees of the hotel, and ensure that supplies, like soap and shampoo, are ordered in a timely manner. On a resort property, the hotel manager may also be in charge of entertainment. The exact setting or location will dictate exact duties and responsibilities for this role. Overall, it is the manager’s job to handle customer service needs that pop up during a guest’s stay.

Event Manager

An event manager or event planner helps plan large events to ensure all attendees enjoy the experience. These individuals, like others in the hospitality industry, need to be highly organized. Event managers will plan all of the details, gather bids from venues and vendors, coordinate transportation for attendees, arrange for food, and even connect with local hotels to ensure people have a place to stay. They help their clients manage and maximize their budgets and ensure that everything is ready when the special event starts.

The BLS estimates that this career will grow 8% from 2019-2029, which is much faster than average. Approximately 10,800 new jobs will be created in this field, so it is a great time to consider pursuing a position in event management.

A concierge is employed by a resort or event center to help guests book entertainment and enjoy their stay more fully. These professionals need to know their local area well so they can connect guests to the entertainment options that best fit their tastes and desires for their trip.

Concierge professionals tend to be employed by high-end resorts and luxury hotels. Distinguished guests expect to have someone to help them book their services and are willing to tip well for this service.

Restaurant and Catering Professionals

The hospitality industry is also the industry that covers restaurants and catering services. While those interested in opening a restaurant or catering business will also need to explore food service training, training in hospitality will help them understand the customer service side of this industry. These professionals can work anywhere where food and beverage are prepared and served, including hotels, resorts, and restaurants.

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What Is The Difference Between The Hospitality And Tourism Industry

Published: December 12, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Randi Hargis

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Introduction

The hospitality and tourism industries are closely intertwined and often used interchangeably. While both industries involve providing services to customers, there are distinct differences that set them apart. Understanding these differences is crucial for individuals interested in pursuing a career in these fields, as well as for businesses aiming to thrive in the ever-evolving travel industry.

The hospitality industry focuses on providing accommodations, food, and beverage services to travelers, tourists, and visitors. This includes hotels, resorts, restaurants, bars, and other establishments that offer lodging and dining options. On the other hand, the tourism industry is concerned with the overall travel experience, encompassing transportation, attractions, tours, and activities that cater to tourists’ interests and preferences.

While both industries share common goals of delivering exceptional customer service and creating memorable experiences, they differ in terms of their core offerings and the scope of their operations. In this article, we will explore the distinct characteristics of the hospitality and tourism industries, shedding light on the unique opportunities they present and the challenges they face.

Definition of the Hospitality Industry

The hospitality industry encompasses a broad range of businesses and establishments that are primarily focused on providing accommodation, food, and beverage services to customers. It revolves around the concept of offering comfort, convenience, and personalized experiences to guests. Whether it’s a luxury hotel, a cozy bed and breakfast, or a bustling restaurant, the hospitality industry plays a crucial role in ensuring the happiness and satisfaction of its patrons.

At its core, the hospitality industry is dedicated to creating a warm and welcoming environment, where guests feel valued and well taken care of. This involves not only providing comfortable accommodations and scrumptious meals but also delivering exceptional customer service throughout the entire guest experience. From the moment a guest walks through the door to the time they check out, every interaction and touchpoint should reflect genuine hospitality and a commitment to exceeding expectations.

The hospitality industry relies heavily on creating positive guest experiences, fostering loyalty, and building a strong reputation. This is achieved through a combination of attentive staff, well-designed facilities, and a wide range of services tailored to meet the unique needs and preferences of different types of guests. Whether it’s a business traveler seeking efficient amenities, a family on a vacation requiring family-friendly facilities, or a couple looking for a romantic getaway, the hospitality industry strives to cater to diverse customer segments.

Furthermore, the hospitality industry extends beyond lodging and dining. It also includes other sectors such as event management, spa and wellness services, entertainment venues, and even transportation services in some cases. The common thread throughout these establishments is the focus on providing a positive and enjoyable experience for customers, whether they are staying overnight, attending an event, or simply seeking a memorable dining experience.

Definition of the Tourism Industry

The tourism industry is a vast and multifaceted sector that encompasses various activities and services related to travel and exploration. It revolves around the idea of people traveling to different destinations for leisure, recreation, business, or personal purposes. The tourism industry plays a crucial role in promoting cultural exchange, economic growth, and global understanding.

The primary focus of the tourism industry is to provide an enjoyable and fulfilling travel experience for individuals and groups. This includes arranging transportation, organizing tours and activities, and offering services that cater to the unique interests and preferences of tourists. From visiting historical landmarks and natural attractions to participating in adventure sports and exploring local cultures, the tourism industry aims to create unforgettable memories and enrich the lives of travelers.

One of the significant aspects of the tourism industry is destination marketing and management. It involves promoting different regions, cities, and countries as attractive travel destinations to both domestic and international tourists. This includes showcasing the unique attractions, cultural heritage, and experiences that make a particular destination stand out.

Moreover, the tourism industry is closely connected to other sectors such as transportation, accommodation, and hospitality. It relies on partnerships and collaborations with airlines, hotels, tour operators, and local businesses to ensure a seamless travel experience for tourists. These collaborations contribute to the economic growth of destinations and create employment opportunities for local communities.

The tourism industry encompasses various segments such as leisure tourism, business tourism, adventure tourism, medical tourism, eco-tourism, and more. Each of these segments caters to different types of travelers and offers distinct experiences and services. For example, leisure tourism focuses on relaxation and recreational activities, while business tourism centers around meetings, conferences, and professional networking events.

In recent years, sustainable tourism has gained significant attention within the industry. It emphasizes responsible travel practices that minimize the negative impact on the environment, preserve local cultures and communities, and promote sustainable development. The tourism industry is embracing these principles and working towards creating a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability.

Overlapping Areas

The hospitality and tourism industries have several overlapping areas where their services intersect and complement each other. These areas highlight the interconnected nature of these industries and the collaboration required to provide a seamless travel experience for customers.

Accommodation is a prime example of an overlapping area. Both the hospitality and tourism industries are involved in providing lodging options to travelers. While hotels and resorts are the main players in the hospitality industry, the tourism industry also offers alternative accommodations such as vacation rentals, hostels, and campgrounds. This allows tourists to choose the type of accommodation that best suits their preferences, budget, and travel needs.

Food and beverage services are another overlapping area between the two industries. While restaurants and cafes fall under the umbrella of the hospitality industry, the tourism industry also emphasizes local cuisine and dining experiences as part of the travel journey. Tourists often seek out unique culinary experiences that showcase the local culture and flavors of a destination. This collaboration between the hospitality and tourism sectors ensures that travelers have a wide range of dining options to choose from during their trips.

Entertainment and attractions are also overlapping areas that contribute to the overall tourism experience. The hospitality industry often collaborates with tourism operators to offer packages and discounts for local attractions, events, and entertainment venues. This partnership enhances the value proposition for tourists, allowing them to access various activities and experiences in addition to their accommodations and dining options.

Furthermore, transportation is a vital overlapping area between the two industries. Both hospitality and tourism rely on efficient transportation networks to ensure the smooth movement of tourists and guests. Hotels and resorts often provide shuttle services or have partnerships with transportation companies to facilitate airport transfers and sightseeing tours. This integration ensures that travelers have easy access to different attractions and can explore their chosen destinations comfortably.

In summary, the overlapping areas between the hospitality and tourism industries demonstrate the symbiotic relationship they share. By collaborating and providing comprehensive services, these industries work together to create memorable and fulfilling travel experiences for customers. The seamless integration of accommodation, dining, attractions, and transportation ensures that tourists have a wide range of options and enjoy a holistic journey during their travels.

Key Differences

While the hospitality and tourism industries share common goals of providing exceptional service to customers, there are key differences that set them apart. Understanding these distinctions is essential for individuals aspiring to work in these fields and for businesses looking to cater effectively to their target audience.

Scope of Services: The hospitality industry primarily focuses on providing accommodations, food, and beverage services to guests. It revolves around creating a comfortable and enjoyable experience within a specific location or establishment. On the other hand, the tourism industry is broader in scope and encompasses various activities, attractions, and transportation services that cater to the overall travel experience. It involves exploring different destinations and immersing oneself in the culture, history, and natural beauty of a place.

Customer Interactions: In the hospitality industry, customer interactions are often short-term and centered within the confines of the business establishment. Guests interact with staff members and experience the services provided during their stay or meal. In contrast, the tourism industry typically involves longer interactions and engagement with customers. Tourists may spend days or weeks exploring a destination, engaging with tour guides, participating in activities, and building a deeper connection with the local culture and community.

Customer Expectations: The hospitality industry places a strong emphasis on comfort, convenience, and personalized service. Hotel guests and restaurant patrons have specific expectations when it comes to cleanliness, amenities, and hospitality. The tourism industry, on the other hand, focuses on providing enriching and memorable experiences. Tourists seek authenticity, adventure, and the opportunity to immerse themselves in the unique offerings of a destination.

Revenue Streams: In terms of revenue generation, the hospitality industry primarily relies on room rates, food and beverage sales, and other services provided within its establishment. Hotels, resorts, and restaurants generate income based on bookings, occupancy rates, and sales. On the contrary, the tourism industry generates revenue through a more diverse range of sources. This includes ticket sales for attractions, tour package bookings, transportation services, and partnerships with local businesses.

Operational Considerations: The operations of the hospitality industry typically revolve around managing and maintaining physical facilities, such as hotels, restaurants, and event venues. The focus is on providing a consistent and high-quality experience within the establishment’s premises. In the tourism industry, operational considerations extend beyond the confines of a single location. Tour operators and destination management companies must coordinate logistics, transportation, and various attractions to ensure a seamless and enjoyable experience for tourists.

While these differences exist, it’s important to note that the hospitality and tourism industries are highly interconnected. They often collaborate to enhance the overall travel experience, with hospitality businesses catering to the accommodation and dining needs of tourists. By understanding these distinctions, individuals can make informed decisions about their career paths, and businesses can strategize effectively to meet the needs and expectations of their customers.

Employment Opportunities

The hospitality and tourism industries offer a wide array of employment opportunities for individuals with diverse skill sets and interests. From front-line staff to management positions, there are roles available at various levels that cater to different areas within these industries.

In the hospitality industry, common employment opportunities include hotel managers, front desk agents, housekeeping staff, chefs, bartenders, waitstaff, and event planners. These roles are essential for ensuring smooth operations, excellent customer service, and the overall satisfaction of guests. Job opportunities also extend to specialized areas such as spa therapists, concierge services, revenue management, sales and marketing, and customer relations.

Within the tourism industry, employment opportunities are equally diverse. Tour operators, travel agents, and tour guides play a critical role in organizing and managing travel experiences for tourists. They provide valuable information, arrange transportation, coordinate activities, and ensure that tourists have a memorable and enjoyable journey. Other employment opportunities in this industry include destination marketing and management, event planning, hospitality consultants, sustainable tourism specialists, and roles within travel technology companies.

Furthermore, both industries offer opportunities for individuals with specialized skills and knowledge. For example, individuals with a background in food and beverage management or culinary arts can pursue careers as restaurant managers, sous chefs, or food and beverage directors. Similarly, those with expertise in hotel and resort management can excel in roles such as general managers or revenue managers. The tourism industry also offers scope for individuals with language skills, cultural understanding, and a passion for sharing information about different destinations, where they can work as tour guides or destination experts.

Moreover, there are various entry-level positions available in both industries that provide individuals with opportunities to gain valuable experience and develop essential skills. These positions often include roles such as front desk associates, food servers, housekeeping staff, and travel agency assistants. These entry-level roles serve as stepping stones for career advancement and allow individuals to learn and grow within the hospitality and tourism sectors.

It’s important to note that employment opportunities in these industries are not limited to traditional brick-and-mortar establishments. With the growth of technology, there are emerging opportunities in the digital realm, including online travel agencies, travel blogging and influencer marketing, and hospitality tech companies.

In summary, the hospitality and tourism industries offer a multitude of employment opportunities across various job functions and skill sets. From front-line service positions to management roles, individuals with a passion for customer service, a knack for organization, and a love for travel can find fulfilling careers in these dynamic industries.

Revenue Generation

Both the hospitality and tourism industries are significant contributors to global economies and generate substantial revenue through their operations. Understanding how these industries generate revenue is crucial for businesses to thrive and adapt to the ever-changing landscape of the travel industry.

In the hospitality industry, revenue is primarily generated through the sale of accommodations, food and beverage services, and additional amenities and services provided by hotels, resorts, and other lodging establishments. Room rates and occupancy levels play a crucial role in determining revenue, with pricing strategies often based on factors such as demand, seasonality, and location. The hospitality industry also generates additional revenue through ancillary services such as spa treatments, in-room dining, conference facilities, and other guest offerings.

Restaurants and food and beverage outlets within the hospitality industry contribute significantly to revenue generation. Dining experiences, including breakfast buffets, à la carte menus, and room service, provide additional income streams. Upselling techniques, promoting specialty items, and offering unique dining experiences can also contribute to revenue growth.

In contrast, the tourism industry generates revenue through a diverse range of sources. One of the primary sources of revenue is ticket sales for attractions, which include entry fees to museums, historical sites, theme parks, and other tourist destinations. Tour operators also play a significant role in generating revenue by organizing and selling tour packages that include transportation, accommodation, and various activities.

Transportation services, such as airlines, cruise lines, and bus companies, contribute to revenue generation by selling tickets for transportation to and from destinations. These services often collaborate with hotels, tour operators, and attractions to provide comprehensive travel packages to customers.

Furthermore, revenue is generated through partnerships and collaborations with local businesses. Tourism organizations often work with restaurants, tour operators, souvenir shops, and other local businesses to promote and sell their products or services to tourists. This mutual collaboration creates a symbiotic relationship that benefits both the tourism industry and the local economy.

With the advent of technology, online travel agencies (OTAs) and travel booking platforms have become important players in revenue generation for both industries. These platforms earn revenue through commissions and fees charged to hotels, tour operators, and other businesses for listing their services and handling bookings. Digital advertising and sponsored content also contribute to revenue streams, as businesses vie for online visibility and exposure to capture the attention of travelers.

In recent years, there has been a growing focus on the concept of experiential tourism, which offers unique and immersive experiences to travelers. This trend has opened up new revenue generation opportunities, as businesses create and sell specialized experiences such as culinary tours, adventure activities, and cultural workshops.

In summary, the hospitality and tourism industries generate revenue through a variety of channels, including accommodations, food and beverage services, ticket sales, transportation, partnerships, and online platforms. Businesses in these industries must adapt to evolving customer preferences and market demands to ensure a steady flow of revenue and drive sustainable growth.

Customer Focus

Both the hospitality and tourism industries place a strong emphasis on customer focus and aim to provide exceptional experiences to their guests and tourists. Understanding and catering to the unique needs, preferences, and expectations of customers is crucial for businesses in these industries to thrive and build a loyal customer base.

In the hospitality industry, customer focus is at the core of providing exceptional service. Hotels, resorts, and restaurants strive to create a welcoming and comfortable environment for their guests. This involves understanding and anticipating their needs, whether it’s a comfortable bed, a personalized welcome, or a seamless check-in experience. Attention to detail and personalized service are key factors in enhancing the overall guest experience. Hospitality businesses invest in training their staff to exhibit empathy, attentiveness, and problem-solving skills to ensure that every guest feels valued and well taken care of.

In addition to physical comforts, the hospitality industry often offers a range of amenities and services to enhance the guest experience. This may include spa and wellness facilities, fitness centers, recreational activities, and perks such as complimentary breakfast or airport transfers. These additional offerings are designed to cater to the varied preferences and desires of guests, ensuring that their stay exceeds expectations and leaves a lasting impression.

In the tourism industry, customer focus is equally important. Tourists have different motivations, interests, and expectations when traveling, and it’s crucial for businesses in this sector to understand and cater to these diverse needs. Whether it’s organizing cultural tours, adventure activities, or customized itineraries, the tourism industry aims to create memorable and fulfilling travel experiences.

Customer focus in the tourism industry involves providing relevant and accurate information about destinations, attractions, and activities. This includes offering recommendations, insider tips, and detailed itineraries to help tourists make informed decisions. Tour operators and travel agents play a vital role in understanding the preferences of their customers and creating tailored experiences that align with their interests. This personalized approach ensures that tourists have a sense of discovery, immersion, and enjoyment in their travel endeavors.

Furthermore, customer focus in the tourism industry extends beyond the immediate travel experience. Sustainable and responsible travel practices are gaining importance, with tourists increasingly seeking out destinations and businesses that prioritize environmental conservation, cultural preservation, and community engagement. Businesses in the tourism industry are aligning their offerings with these values and focusing on sustainable practices to meet the evolving expectations of their customers.

Both the hospitality and tourism industries recognize the importance of customer feedback and reviews. They actively seek feedback from guests and tourists to understand their satisfaction levels, identify areas for improvement, and address any issues promptly. This feedback-driven approach allows businesses to continuously enhance their services and ensure that they meet and exceed customer expectations.

In summary, customer focus is a central tenet of both the hospitality and tourism industries. Whether it’s providing personalized service, creating memorable experiences, or embracing sustainable practices, businesses in these industries thrive by understanding and prioritizing the needs and expectations of their customers. By putting the customer at the forefront of their operations, these industries aim to build long-lasting relationships and deliver exceptional experiences that keep customers coming back.

Examples of Hospitality Businesses

The hospitality industry encompasses a wide range of businesses that provide accommodations, food, and beverage services to guests. These establishments are dedicated to creating a welcoming and comfortable environment, ensuring that guests have a memorable experience. Here are some examples of hospitality businesses:

Hotels and Resorts: Hotels and resorts are the cornerstone of the hospitality industry. From luxury hotels to budget-friendly accommodations, these establishments offer a range of rooms and suites to cater to different guest preferences. They provide amenities such as restaurants, bars, swimming pools, fitness centers, and conference facilities. Examples include Hilton, Marriott, Four Seasons, and InterContinental.

Restaurants and Cafes: Restaurants and cafes play a crucial role in the hospitality industry by providing food and beverage services to guests. From fine dining establishments to casual eateries, these businesses create memorable dining experiences. They offer a variety of cuisines to cater to diverse tastes. Examples range from local independent restaurants to well-known chains like McDonald’s, Starbucks, and Nando’s.

Bed and Breakfasts (B&Bs): B&Bs are quaint and cozy accommodations that typically operate in residential properties. They offer a more personalized and intimate experience, often with a home-cooked breakfast included. B&Bs are particularly popular in rural and scenic locations and are known for their warm hospitality and personalized service.

Inns and Lodges: Inns and lodges are often located in picturesque settings, such as mountainous or coastal regions. These establishments offer comfortable accommodations and typically have a rustic charm. They provide a range of amenities and services, including dining options, recreational activities, and guided tours.

Residential and Vacation Rentals: With the rise of platforms like Airbnb and VRBO, individuals can now rent out their homes or vacation properties to travelers. These rentals offer a home-away-from-home experience, providing guests with the convenience and comfort of a fully furnished space while exploring a new destination.

Event Venues and Convention Centers: These establishments cater to a variety of events, ranging from weddings and corporate meetings to conferences and trade shows. Event venues and convention centers provide space and services for hosting gatherings, along with amenities such as catering, audiovisual equipment, and event planning assistance.

Spas and Wellness Retreats: Spas and wellness retreats focus on providing relaxation and rejuvenation experiences. These businesses offer a range of services such as massages, facials, body treatments, and fitness activities. They often have serene settings and specialized treatments to promote health and well-being.

Cruise Ships and Riverboats: Cruise ships and riverboats combine accommodation, dining, entertainment, and transportation in one package. They offer an all-inclusive experience, taking passengers to various destinations while providing a host of amenities and activities on board.

These examples illustrate the diversity within the hospitality industry, each catering to different types of guests, preferences, and travel experiences. Whether it’s a luxurious hotel, a charming bed and breakfast, or a vibrant restaurant, the common thread among these businesses is the focus on providing exceptional service and creating memorable experiences for their guests.

Examples of Tourism Businesses

The tourism industry encompasses a wide range of businesses that cater to the travel experiences of tourists. These businesses are centered around providing attractions, activities, and services that highlight the unique aspects of a destination. Here are some examples of tourism businesses:

Tour Operators: Tour operators specialize in designing and organizing tours and travel experiences for tourists. They create itineraries that encompass various attractions, activities, and accommodations. Examples include Trafalgar Tours, Intrepid Travel, and G Adventures. Tour operators cater to different types of travelers, offering everything from adventure tours and cultural experiences to luxury vacations and family-friendly trips.

Attractions and Landmarks: This category includes iconic landmarks, natural wonders, historical sites, and cultural attractions that draw tourists to a destination. Examples range from world-famous attractions like the Eiffel Tower, Grand Canyon, and Taj Mahal to local and regional landmarks such as the Great Barrier Reef, Machu Picchu, and Angkor Wat.

Adventure Tourism Providers: These businesses specialize in offering thrilling and adventurous activities to tourists. They may provide opportunities for activities such as hiking, rock climbing, whitewater rafting, ziplining, and wildlife safaris. Examples include companies like REI Adventures and National Geographic Expeditions.

Theme Parks and Amusement Parks: Theme parks and amusement parks are popular tourism destinations, particularly for families. They offer a wide range of rides, entertainment shows, and attractions designed for all age groups. Examples include Walt Disney World, Universal Studios, and Six Flags.

Ecotourism and Nature-Based Businesses: These businesses focus on providing tourists with opportunities to explore and appreciate the natural environment while promoting sustainability and conservation. This includes activities such as wildlife watching, nature walks, eco-lodges, and responsible travel experiences. Examples include Wilderness Safaris, Costa Rican Adventures, and The Great Barrier Reef Ecotours.

Cultural Experiences and Festivals: Cultural tourism businesses offer opportunities for tourists to immerse themselves in the local culture and traditions of a destination. This can involve visiting museums, attending cultural festivals, participating in cooking classes, or exploring historical sites. Examples include organizations that offer cultural immersion programs, city walking tours, and museum exhibitions.

Transportation Services: Transportation providers such as airlines, cruises, trains, and buses play a vital role in the tourism industry. They enable tourists to travel to different destinations and explore various attractions. Examples include international airlines like Emirates and Delta Air Lines, cruise liners such as Royal Caribbean, and train companies like the Orient Express.

Travel Agencies: Travel agencies assist tourists in planning and organizing their trips. They provide services such as booking accommodations, flights, tours, and transportation. Examples include online travel agencies like Expedia and Booking.com, as well as traditional brick-and-mortar travel agencies.

These examples represent the diverse range of businesses within the tourism industry, each catering to different types of travelers and offering unique experiences. From adventure tourism providers to iconic landmarks, these businesses play a crucial role in attracting tourists and showcasing the best that a destination has to offer.

The hospitality and tourism industries are interconnected and vital sectors in the global economy. While they share common goals of providing exceptional service and creating memorable experiences for customers, there are distinct differences that set them apart.

The hospitality industry primarily focuses on providing accommodations, food, and beverage services. It aims to create a comfortable and welcoming environment for guests, with a strong emphasis on personalized service and attention to detail. The tourism industry, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of activities and attractions, catering to the overall travel experience. It focuses on offering diverse and immersive experiences that highlight the unique aspects of a destination.

Both industries offer a wide range of employment opportunities, from front-line service positions to management roles. Individuals with a passion for customer service, organization, and travel can find fulfilling careers in these industries. The revenue generation models within these sectors differ, with the hospitality industry relying on room rates, food and beverage sales, and additional services, while the tourism industry encompasses ticket sales, transportation services, and partnerships with local businesses.

Customer focus is a fundamental aspect of both industries. The hospitality and tourism sectors prioritize understanding and meeting the unique needs and expectations of their customers. Providing exceptional service, creating personalized experiences, and embracing sustainability are key factors in attracting and retaining customers.

Examples of hospitality businesses include hotels, restaurants, bed and breakfasts, and event venues, while tourism businesses encompass tour operators, attractions, adventure tourism providers, and travel agencies. These businesses play a vital role in attracting tourists and providing diverse and memorable experiences.

In conclusion, the hospitality and tourism industries are dynamic and ever-evolving sectors that contribute significantly to global travel and experiences. By understanding the key differences, employment opportunities, revenue generation models, customer focus, and examples of businesses within these industries, individuals and businesses can effectively navigate this dynamic landscape and contribute to the growth and success of the travel industry as a whole.

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What’s the difference between Hospitality and Tourism?

This blog is all about the Hospitality and Tourism industry. You will get to know about the vibrant worlds of hospitality and tourism. Here we have also described the scope of the Hospitality and Tourism Industry.

In a fast-paced world, the hospitality and tourism industries play an important role in molding people’s experiences and producing enduring memories. These two industries, which are sometimes connected but they are diverse, are critical to the global economy and provide excellent job prospects. This blog will go into the heart of hospitality and tourism, emphasizing their differences, significance, and job opportunities.

Read Also: The Latest Trends & Diversity in Hospitality Management

Table of Contents

How can we define hospitality?

The welcome and gracious reception of visitors, whether they are known or unknown, is the essence of the term “hospitality.” One of the traits of a good host is the ability to make their guests feel at ease and as though they are in their own house. Being hospitable can be demonstrated in various ways, and demonstrating this trait is an essential component of being a decent person. The act of making other people feel welcome and cared for while also displaying compassion and respect is what we mean when we talk about hospitality.

Examples of Hospitality Businesses:

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Hotels (e.g., Hilton, Marriott), Restaurants (e.g., McDonald’s, fine dining establishments), Resorts (e.g., The Ritz-Carlton), and Event Planning Companies (e.g., Wedding planners).

Career Opportunities in Hospitality:

Hotel management, restaurant management, event planning, catering, and customer service.

What is Tourism?

Tourism is the practice of going to interesting locations and staying there for an extended period of time, typically for recreational purposes. Tourists are individuals who participate in tourism activities. Domestic tourism can also be international, and it can be geared toward either leisure or business.

Tourism is “the actions of individuals traveling to and staying in places beyond their customary surroundings for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other objectives,” according to the World Tourism Organization’s definition. In this sense, the term “tourism” refers to an umbrella term that encompasses a wide range of pursuits, such as athletics, recreation, arts, culture, and education.

Read Also: Hotel Management Insights: 5 Key Points to Consider

Examples of Tourism Businesses and Attractions:

Tour operators (e.g., Trafalgar Tours, Intrepid Travel), Travel agencies (e.g., Expedia, Kayak), and Tourist attractions (e.g., Eiffel Tower, Grand Canyon).

Career Opportunities in Tourism:

Tour guiding, travel agency management, destination marketing, and travel writing.

Which sector, tourism or hospitality, offers more potential for financial gain?

There is no straightforward solution to the question of whether the hotel business or the tourism industry generates more revenue. On the one hand, the hospitality industry is commonly considered to be one of the more secure business sectors because people will always have a need for a place to rest, eat, and drink. On the other hand, tourism is frequently regarded as a more lucrative industry due to the fact that individuals are more likely to make larger purchases while they are on vacation. In the end, it will rely on the particular nation or place in question, as well as the kinds of attractions that are offered there. It’s possible that tourism could be more lucrative in some situations, while hospitality could be more lucrative in others.

Read Also: How to Start a Career in Hospitality Management: A Step-by-Step Guide

There is a significant gap between tourism and hospitality, especially considering the hotel industry. When it comes to providing hospitality, it’s all about making sure the guests are taken care of, that they’re comfortable, and that they have all they require. On the other hand, what matters most in tourism is the overall experience. The tourist is more concerned with seeing new sights and experiencing new activities than with the guests’ comfort level.

What’s the difference between Hospitality & Tourism?

Tourism and hospitality have distinct aims and purposes in their respective fields. The economic and social well-being of the community that plays host to tourists should be a primary concern of the tourism industry. The purpose of providing hospitality is to make the experience of the guest as enjoyable as possible.

The vibrant worlds of hospitality and tourism . Discover their distinctiveness, importance, and diverse career prospects,

Read Also: Exploring the Rewards of a Career in the Tourism Industry

Hospitality and tourism are closely related but distinct industries that boost the world economy. Both offer good income potential, yet they serve distinct interests and careers. Hospitality emphasizes guest experiences, while tourism emphasizes travel and exploration. Your passion and desired world determine your route.

Whether you want to run a five-star hotel, provide delicious food, or lead tourists to fascinating places, your adventure begins in hospitality or tourism. As you enter these fields, remember that your work makes the world more welcoming and fascinating.

What is the key difference between hospitality and tourism?

Hospitality primarily focuses on providing services and amenities to guests and ensuring their comfort and satisfaction, often within an establishment such as a hotel or restaurant. Tourism, on the other hand, encompasses the broader travel industry, including transportation, destinations, and experiences.

What are some career opportunities in the hospitality industry?

The hospitality industry offers a wide range of career options, including hotel management, event planning, restaurant management, and roles in travel agencies. You can pursue careers as hotel managers, chefs, event coordinators, and more.

What types of businesses fall under the category of tourism?

Tourism-related businesses include travel agencies, airlines, tour operators, and attractions like theme parks, museums, and cultural sites. This sector also covers accommodations, such as hotels, resorts, and bed-and-breakfasts.

Why are both hospitality and tourism important to the global economy?

Hospitality and tourism significantly contribute to the global economy by generating revenue, creating jobs, and promoting cultural exchange. These industries play a vital role in economic growth, both on a local and international scale, making them crucial for the overall well-being of nations.

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• What is tourism and hospitality?

Tourism and hospitality are thriving industries encompassing many sectors, including hotels, restaurants, travel, events, and entertainment.

It’s an exciting and dynamic area, constantly evolving and adapting to changing customer demands and trends.

The tourism and hospitality industry offers a diverse range of career opportunities that cater to various interests, skills, and qualifications, with positions available from entry-level to executive management.

The booming tourism  and hospitality industry also offers job security and career growth potential in many hospitality-related occupations.

What is tourism?

Tourism is traveling for leisure, pleasure, or business purposes and visiting various destinations, such as cities, countries, natural attractions, historical sites, and cultural events, to experience new cultures, activities, and environments.

Tourism can take many forms, including domestic, or traveling within your country, and international tourism, or visiting foreign countries.

It can also involve sightseeing, adventure tourism , eco-tourism, cultural tourism, and business tourism, and it’s a huge contributor to the global economy, generating jobs and income in many countries.

It involves many businesses, including airlines, hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, tour operators, and transportation companies.

What is hospitality?

Hospitality includes a range of businesses, such as hotels, restaurants, bars, resorts, cruise ships, theme parks, and other service-oriented businesses that provide accommodations, food, and beverages.

Hospitality is all about creating a welcoming and comfortable environment for guests and meeting their needs.

Quality hospitality means providing excellent customer service, anticipating guests’ needs, and ensuring comfort and satisfaction. The hospitality industry is essential to tourism as both industries often work closely together.

What is the difference between tourism and hospitality?

Hospitality and tourism are both related and separate industries. For instance, airline travel is considered as part of both the tourism and hospitality industries.

Hospitality is a component of the tourism industry, as it provides services and amenities to tourists. However, tourism is a broader industry encompassing various sectors, including transportation, accommodation, and attractions.

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Is tourism and hospitality a good career choice?

So, why work in hospitality and tourism? The tourism and hospitality industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world, providing a colossal number of job opportunities.

Between 2021 and 2031, employment in the hospitality and tourism industry is projected to expand faster than any other job sector, creating about 1.3 million new positions .

A tourism and hospitality career  can be a highly rewarding choice for anyone who enjoys working with people, has a strong service-oriented mindset, and is looking for a dynamic and exciting career with growth potential.

Growth and job opportunities in tourism and hospitality

Tourism and hospitality offers significant growth and job opportunities worldwide. The industry’s increasing demand for personnel contributes to economic and employment growth, particularly in developing countries.

The industry employs millions globally, from entry-level to high-level management positions, including hotel managers, chefs, tour operators, travel agents, and executives.

It provides diverse opportunities with great career progression and skill development potential.

Career paths in tourism and hospitality

There are many career opportunities in tourism management and hospitality. With a degree in hospitality management, as well as relevant experience, you can pursue satisfying and fulfilling hospitality and tourism careers in these fields.

Hotel manager

Hotel managers oversee hotel operations. They manage staff, supervise customer service, and ensure the facility runs smoothly.

Tour manager

Tour managers organize and lead group tours. They work for tour companies, travel agencies, or independently. Tour managers coordinate a group’s transportation, accommodations, and activities, ensuring the trip runs to schedule.

Restaurant manager

Restaurant managers supervise the daily operations of a restaurant. They manage staff, ensure the kitchen runs smoothly, and monitor customer service.

Resort manager

Resort managers supervise and manage the operations of a resort. From managing staff to overseeing customer service, they ensure the entire operation delivers excellence.

Entertainment manager

Entertainment managers organize and oversee entertainment at venues like hotels or resorts. They book performers, oversee sound and lighting, and ensure guests have a great experience.

Event planner

Event planners organize and coordinate events, such as weddings, conferences, and trade shows. They work for event planning companies, hotels, or independently.

vent planners coordinate all aspects of the event, from the venue to catering and decor.

Travel consultant

Travel consultants help customers plan and book travel arrangements, such as flights, hotels, and rental cars. They work for travel agencies or independently. Travel consultants must know travel destinations and provide superb customer service.

What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in tourism and hospitality?

Tourism and hospitality are rewarding industries with growing job opportunities. Necessary qualifications include excellent skills in communication, customer service, leadership, problem-solving, and organization along with relevant education and training.

Essential skills for success in tourism and hospitality

A career in the tourism and hospitality industry requires a combination of soft and technical skills and relevant qualifications. Here are some of the essential key skills needed for a successful career.

• Communication skills : Effective communication is necessary for the tourism and hospitality industry in dealing with all kinds of people.
• Customer service : Providing excellent customer service is critical to the success of any tourism or hospitality business . This requires patience, empathy, and the ability to meet customers’ needs.
• Flexibility and adaptability : The industry is constantly changing, and employees must be able to adapt to new situations, be flexible with their work schedules, and handle unexpected events.
• Time management : Time management is crucial to ensure guest satisfaction and smooth operations.
• Cultural awareness : Understanding and respecting cultural differences is essential in the tourism and hospitality industry, as you’ll interact with people from different cultures.
• Teamwork : Working collaboratively with colleagues is essential, as employees must work together to ensure guests have a positive experience.
• Problem-solving : Inevitably, problems will arise, and employees must be able to identify, analyze, and resolve them efficiently.
• Technical skills : With the increasing use of technology, employees must possess the necessary technical skills to operate systems, such as booking software, point-of-sale systems, and social media platforms.

Revenue management : Revenue management skills are crucial in effectively managing pricing, inventory, and data analysis to maximize revenue and profitability

Master fundamental hospitality and tourism secrets for a high-flying career at a world-leading hospitality brand

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Education and training opportunities in tourism and hospitality

Education and training are vital for a hospitality and tourism career. You can ensure you are prepared for a career in the industry with a Bachelor’s in hospitality management   and Master’s in hospitality   programs from Glion.

These programs provide a comprehensive understanding of the guest experience, including service delivery and business operations, while developing essential skills such as leadership, communication, and problem-solving. You’ll gain the knowledge and qualifications you need for a successful, dynamic, and rewarding hospitality and tourism career.

Preparing for a career in tourism and hospitality

To prepare for a career in tourism and hospitality management, you should focus on researching the industry and gaining relevant education and training, such as a hospitality degree . For instance, Glion’s programs emphasize guest experience and hospitality management, providing students with an outstanding education that launches them into leading industry roles.

It would help if you also worked on building your communication, customer service, and problem-solving skills while gaining practical experience through internships or part-time jobs in the industry. Meanwhile, attending industry events, job fairs, and conferences, staying up-to-date on industry trends, and networking to establish professional connections will also be extremely valuable.

Finding jobs in tourism and hospitality

To find jobs in tourism and hospitality, candidates can search online job boards, and company career pages, attend career fairs, network with industry professionals, and utilize the services of recruitment agencies. Hospitality and tourism graduates can also leverage valuable alumni networks and industry connections made during internships or industry projects.

Networking and building connections in the industry

Networking and building connections in the hospitality and tourism industry provide opportunities to learn about job openings, meet potential employers, and gain industry insights. It can also help you expand your knowledge and skills, build your personal brand, and establish yourself as a valuable industry professional.

You can start networking by attending industry events, joining professional organizations, connecting with professionals on social media, and through career services at Glion.

Tips for success in tourism and hospitality

Here are tips for career success in the tourism and hospitality industry.

• Gain relevant education and training : Pursue a hospitality or tourism management degree from Glion to gain fundamental knowledge and practical skills.
• Build your network : Attend industry events, connect with colleagues and professionals on LinkedIn, and join relevant associations to build your network and increase your exposure to potential job opportunities.
• Gain practical experience : Look for internships, part-time jobs, or volunteering opportunities to gain practical experience and develop relevant skills.
• Develop your soft skills : Work on essential interpersonal skills like communication, empathy, and problem-solving.
• Stay up-to-date with industry trends : Follow industry news and trends and proactively learn new skills and technologies relevant to tourism and hospitality.
• Be flexible and adaptable : The tourism and hospitality industry constantly evolves, so be open to change and to adapting to new situations and challenges.
• Strive for excellent guest service : Focus on delivering exceptional guest experiences as guest satisfaction is critical for success.

Tourism and hospitality offer many fantastic opportunities to create memorable guest experiences , work in diverse and multicultural environments, and develop transferable skills.

If you’re ready to embark on your career in tourism and hospitality, Glion has world-leading bachelor’s and master’s programs to set you up for success.

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What is the difference between tourism and hospitality?

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What is the difference between tour operator and travel agent?

Share article, table of contents hide, what is tourism, what is hospitality, tourism vs. hospitality – key differences, the importance of tourism and hospitality, what is the highest paying job in tourism, what is the f&b service, examples of tourism and hospitality.

Tourism involves travel for leisure or business purposes, hospitality focuses on providing services to travelers. Tourism is a significant contributor to the world’s economy as it creates jobs and generates revenue. On the other hand, hospitality is all about providing exquisite customer service experience that keeps guests coming back for more.

(Image by  Simon Berger  from  Pixabay  )

Tourism is the act of traveling for pleasure or business purposes. It involves visiting different places, experiencing new cultures and trying out unique activities. The tourism industry includes a wide range of businesses such as hotels, restaurants, transportation companies and travel agencies.

Tourism can take many forms – from domestic trips to international vacations. Some people prefer adventure tourism which may include activities like hiking , bungee jumping or skydiving while others opt for cultural tourism where they explore historical sites and immerse themselves in local traditions.

One interesting aspect of tourism is that it has both positive and negative impacts on destinations. On one hand, it can provide economic benefits by creating jobs, generating revenue and boosting local businesses. On the other hand, over-tourism can lead to environmental degradation, overcrowding and strain on resources.

Though, tourism plays an important role in promoting global understanding and appreciation for different cultures across the world.

(Photo by Scott Evans on Unsplash )

Hospitality is often defined as the act of welcoming and hosting guests in a friendly, helpful, and generous manner. It encompasses everything from providing comfortable accommodations to offering excellent customer service at restaurants or hotels.

The hospitality industry can be found all around us – from luxury resorts to fast food chains. It involves various sectors such as lodging, food and beverage services, event planning etc.

At its core , hospitality is about creating positive experiences for guests or customers by anticipating their needs and going above and beyond to meet them. This may involve anything from providing personalized recommendations based on their interests to ensuring that they feel valued throughout their stay.

In addition to making guests feel welcome, hospitality also involves maintaining high standards for cleanliness , safety and comfort in order to create a pleasant atmosphere for everyone involved.

The success of any business within the hospitality industry relies heavily on its ability to provide exceptional service with a personal touch that leaves a lasting impression on its customers.

Tourism and hospitality are two related yet distinct concepts. While tourism refers to the activities that involve people travelling from one place to another for leisure, business or other purposes, hospitality is all about offering friendly reception and entertainment to guests. Though both tourism and hospitality share some similarities in terms of providing customer service, there are key differences between them.

One of the main differences between tourism and hospitality lies in their core objectives. Tourism focuses on promoting destinations, attractions, events or experiences while Hospitality emphasizes delivering excellent guest services such as accommodation, food & beverage services etc.

Another distinction between these two industries is their target market. Tourism mainly targets travellers who visit a particular location for various reasons like sightseeing or adventure sports; whereas Hospitality caters primarily to those tourists by accommodating them with comfortable living arrangements during their stay.

Tourism also has a broader scope than Hospitality since it encompasses many different sectors such as transportation companies (airlines), tour operators/guides, travel agencies etc., while Hospitality only deals with accommodations (hotels/motels) and food & beverage establishments (restaurants/bars).

Understanding the difference between these two industries will help you identify which sector interests you more when considering a career path within either field . Whether it’s working behind-the-scenes as an event planner in tourism or serving customers directly at a five-star hotel restaurant – each industry offers unique opportunities for growth and success depending on your interests!

Tourism and hospitality play a crucial role in the growth of any economy. They are interdependent industries that complement each other to create an overall positive impact. Tourism helps generate revenue for local economies by attracting visitors from different parts of the world, while hospitality ensures their comfort and satisfaction during their stay.

The tourism industry creates job opportunities in various sectors such as transportation, accommodation, food and beverage services, entertainment and recreation. These jobs not only help reduce unemployment but also provide training programs for employees to enhance their skills.

Hospitality is essential because it sets the tone for a visitor’s experience. A hospitable environment can attract repeat visitors and positive reviews which can boost tourism numbers in the long run. The quality of service provided by hotels, restaurants or tourist attractions greatly influences a customer’s decision on whether to return or recommend it to others.

Tourism also provides an opportunity for cultural exchange between locals and tourists from different backgrounds that promotes mutual respect and understanding. This exchange leads to an increased appreciation of diverse cultures around the world.

Both industries drive economic growth through taxes imposed on accommodation services, sales taxes on goods purchased by tourists, travel insurance premiums among others providing funding towards local infrastructure development projects.

The importance of tourism cannot be overemphasized since its contribution transcends beyond generating income but fosters socio-economic development globally whilst ensuring people have memorable experiences at destinations they visit thanks to excellent hospitality practices upheld within these areas.

One example of highly paid jobs in tourism is travel managers or directors. These professionals are responsible for overseeing all aspects of travel programs within companies and organizations, including logistics, safety measures, and budgeting. They typically have extensive experience in the field and earn an average annual salary of around $85,000.

Another high-paying job is hotel general manager . This role involves overseeing all operations within a hotel and ensuring guest satisfaction while maximizing profitability for owners or shareholders . General managers usually have several years of experience working their way up from entry-level positions to senior management roles and earn an average annual salary of approximately $95,000.

Tourism also offers well-paid careers as event planners who coordinate conferences or events such as weddings, trade shows or corporate meetings with earning potential averaging around $60k annually depending on location.

The highest paying jobs require substantial expertise and experience; however, these roles provide great career advancement opportunities within the industry’s upper echelon while rewarding skilled professionals with excellent paychecks!

The F&B (Food and Beverage) service is a crucial part of the hospitality industry. It encompasses all aspects of food and drink service, including preparation, presentation, and delivery. The goal of the F&B service is to provide guests with an exceptional culinary experience while meeting their unique needs.

One key aspect of the F&B service is menu design. This involves creating menus that appeal to different tastes, dietary restrictions, and cultural preferences. Once a menu has been created, it must be executed flawlessly by kitchen staff who prepare dishes according to specified recipes.

In addition to menu design and execution, the F&B service includes front-of-house operations such as table setting, serving guests promptly and courteously at tables or through room-service setups.

Beverage selection is another important factor in providing excellent F&B service. A well-curated wine list or cocktail program can enhance guest experiences by providing options that complement specific meals or personal preferences.

The Food & Beverage Service plays a vital role in enhancing guest satisfaction within any hospitality establishment whether it’s a hotel restaurant or independent café.

Examples of tourism include visiting popular tourist destinations such as Paris, New York City, or Tokyo. These cities attract millions of visitors every year due to their iconic landmarks, museums, and cultural attractions.

On the other hand, hospitality encompasses a wide range of services such as hotels, resorts, cruise ships and restaurants. For instance, when you check into a hotel room for your vacation or dine at a restaurant with friends and family – you are experiencing hospitality.

One example of exceptional hospitality is the Ritz Carlton Hotel chain which has built its reputation on providing luxury accommodations and personalized service to guests all over the world. Another example is Disney World Resorts which offers an immersive experience for families with themed rooms and activities that cater to children’s imagination .

In terms of tourism and hospitality combined – theme parks like Universal Studios in Orlando or Disneyland in California are examples where both industries meet. Guests can enjoy thrilling rides while also experiencing excellent customer service from staff members who ensure they have a memorable visit.

There are countless examples across both industries that showcase the importance of tourism and hospitality in creating unforgettable experiences for tourists worldwide.

Featured Image By – Pam Patterson  from  Pixabay

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Weekender Management

In-Depth Guide to Understanding the Hospitality and Tourism Industry

Hospitality vs. Tourism, Industry Growth

When you hear about hospitality and tourism , think of them as two sides of the same coin. Hospitality focuses on the services that make people feel welcome and cared for, like staying in hotels or eating at restaurants. Tourism is all about the travel experiences and adventures people have away from home, including visiting attractions or going on tours.

The hospitality and tourism industry is a bustling world, filled with endless opportunities for adventure, relaxation, and exploration. It’s one of the fastest-growing industries globally, driving economies and creating millions of jobs. Whether it’s the charm of a local bed and breakfast, the splurge at a luxurious resort, the thrill of a theme park, or the convenience of a flight, this industry touches the lives of almost everyone.

For real estate investors eyeing the short-term rental market through platforms like Airbnb and VRBO, understanding the nuances between hospitality and tourism can unlock potential opportunities. It’s about creating memorable experiences that go beyond just a place to stay. The industry’s growth signals a promising avenue for returns on investment, emphasizing the importance of individualized service and tailored strategies for success.

This industry is about delivering comfort and experiences. With the right approach, property owners can not only contribute to this vibrant sector but also thrive within it.

Understanding Hospitality and Tourism

Definitions

At its core, hospitality is about providing a welcoming and caring environment for people who are away from home. This can range from a cozy bed-and-breakfast to a luxurious resort, from a quick service restaurant to a fine dining establishment. Hospitality is all about service, comfort, and making guests feel valued and cared for.

Tourism , on the other hand, is the act of traveling to and exploring places outside of your usual environment. It can be for leisure, like a vacation to see the world’s wonders, or for business, such as attending a conference in a different city. Tourism includes activities like sightseeing, experiencing local cultures, and attending events.

Differences

While hospitality and tourism are closely linked, they have distinct differences. Hospitality focuses on the services provided to guests, whereas tourism is concerned with the activities and experiences of those traveling. Think of tourism as the journey and exploration, while hospitality is about the stay and comfort during that journey.

Interconnection

Despite their differences, hospitality and tourism are deeply interconnected. Excellent hospitality services enhance the tourism experience, making destinations more attractive to visitors. For example, a memorable stay at a hotel or an exceptional dining experience can turn a good vacation into an unforgettable one. Conversely, a vibrant tourism sector boosts the hospitality industry by increasing the demand for lodging, food, and entertainment services.

Hospitality acts as the backbone of tourism; it’s what makes tourists feel welcome and ensures their needs are met during their travels. This synergy is crucial for the success and growth of both sectors.

The Importance of Both

Understanding the nuances between hospitality and tourism, and how they complement each other, is vital for anyone looking to build a career or business in these industries. The growth and dynamism of hospitality and tourism offer endless possibilities for innovation, career development, and contributing to the global economy. By recognizing the unique aspects of each sector while leveraging their interconnection, professionals can create more enriching experiences for travelers and guests alike, driving the industry forward.

In summary, hospitality and tourism are two sides of the same coin, each playing a critical role in the travel experience. While they have their distinct characteristics, their success relies on their ability to work together to provide unforgettable experiences for travelers around the world.

Moving forward, let’s delve into the Key Sectors in Hospitality and Tourism to further explore the diverse opportunities and challenges within these vibrant industries.

Key Sectors in Hospitality and Tourism

Hospitality and tourism encompass a wide range of services and experiences that cater to travelers and guests. This section highlights the core sectors: Lodging, Food and Beverage, Travel, Attractions, and Events . Understanding these sectors is crucial for anyone looking to build a career or invest in the hospitality and tourism industry.

Lodging refers to places where travelers can stay overnight, ranging from hotels and resorts to bed and breakfasts and vacation rentals. The lodging sector is foundational to hospitality, providing a ‘home away from home’ for travelers. Success in this sector hinges on excellent customer service, comfort, and creating memorable experiences. For instance, Emily Groves, a success story from MTSU’s Tourism and Hospitality Management (THM) program, showcased her versatility in event planning within the lodging sector, significantly contributing to guest satisfaction.

Food and Beverage

The Food and Beverage (F&B) sector is all about culinary experiences. It includes restaurants, cafes, bars, and any establishment offering food and drink services. This sector is characterized by its diversity, from fast food to luxury dining experiences. It’s not just about the food; it’s about the service, atmosphere, and overall dining experience. The F&B sector requires a keen understanding of culinary arts, customer preferences, and efficient operations.

This sector encompasses the means of getting to and from destinations. It includes airlines, cruise lines, car rentals, and public transportation. The travel sector is integral to tourism, connecting different parts of the world and making destinations accessible. Companies in this sector often work closely with lodging and attractions to create packages and itineraries for travelers. For example, collaborations between local businesses and travel influencers can significantly enhance visibility and appeal.

Attractions

Attractions are the landmarks, natural wonders, theme parks, museums, and cultural sites that draw tourists to a destination. This sector is vital for its ability to enrich the travel experience through entertainment, education, and leisure activities. Attractions often serve as the primary reason for choosing a destination, highlighting the importance of preserving and promoting these sites.

The Events sector includes conferences, trade shows, weddings, festivals, and any organized gatherings. This sector is dynamic, requiring meticulous planning, coordination, and marketing to ensure successful and memorable events. It offers diverse opportunities, from event planning to logistics and vendor management. Engaging in coursework and connecting with professors, as advised by Emily Groves, can provide invaluable insights and skills for success in this sector.

Each of these sectors offers unique challenges and opportunities. Whether it’s providing luxury lodging, crafting exquisite dining experiences, facilitating travel, managing attractions, or organizing events, professionals in hospitality and tourism need a blend of skills, including communication, customer service, and adaptability. The industry is evolving, with sustainability and technology becoming increasingly important. Aspiring professionals should stay informed about industry trends, seek relevant education and training, and embrace diverse opportunities to succeed in this vibrant field.

Moving forward, we’ll explore the Career Opportunities in Hospitality and Tourism , highlighting the various paths one can take within this exciting industry.

Career Opportunities in Hospitality and Tourism

The hospitality and tourism industry is a world of opportunities for those passionate about creating memorable experiences for others. Whether you’re drawn to the kitchen’s heat or the thrill of organizing large events, there’s a place for you. Let’s dive into the different career paths available.

Hospitality and Tourism Management

In the realm of hospitality and tourism management , professionals keep hotels, resorts, and tourism offices running smoothly. This could mean ensuring guests have the best stay possible at a hotel or making sure a tourist office effectively promotes local attractions.

Managers in this sector need a mix of management, marketing, and operations skills . They might find themselves analyzing financial reports one day and brainstorming marketing strategies the next. It’s a role for those who love variety and challenges.

Culinary Arts and Hospitality

For those who find joy in food and drink, the culinary arts and hospitality sector offers a bounty of career paths. Chefs and restaurant managers are the stars here, crafting delicious dishes and ensuring restaurants run without a hitch.

It’s not just about cooking; it’s about creating experiences. Chefs today are innovators and artists, constantly exploring new culinary landscapes. Restaurant managers, on the other hand, make sure that the service matches the quality of the food, leading teams to provide exceptional customer experiences.

Event Planning and Management

Event planning and management is a field for those who love to see a plan come together. From weddings to conferences and trade shows , event planners are the architects of experiences, crafting memorable moments for attendees.

This role demands creativity, meticulous organization, and the ability to manage stress. Event planners juggle various tasks, from choosing the perfect venue to coordinating vendors and managing budgets. It’s a career for those who get a thrill from bringing people together and making events happen.

Each of these career paths in hospitality and tourism offers a unique set of challenges and rewards. Whether you’re managing a hotel, running a kitchen, or planning the next big conference, your work contributes to the rich tapestry of experiences that define the hospitality and tourism industry.

Success in these fields requires a blend of hard skills and soft skills, from technical knowledge to excellent communication and customer service. And with the industry’s growth, the opportunities for advancement are vast. So, if you’re passionate about hospitality and tourism, there’s no better time to start your journey.

Moving on, we’ll delve into the Essential Skills for a Successful Career in Hospitality and Tourism , highlighting what it takes to thrive in this dynamic industry.

Essential Skills for a Successful Career in Hospitality and Tourism

The role of education and training.

To succeed in hospitality and tourism, you need more than just a love for travel and people. This industry demands a set of key skills and the right education to back them up. Let’s break it down:

Communication : Clear and effective communication is the cornerstone of hospitality and tourism. Whether you’re explaining the details of a local attraction or resolving a guest’s issue, how you communicate can make or break their experience.

Customer Service : This is all about making guests feel valued and taken care of. It’s not just about being friendly; it’s about going the extra mile to ensure their stay or experience is memorable for all the right reasons.

Flexibility : The only constant in hospitality and tourism is change. You might need to handle a last-minute booking, deal with unexpected travel disruptions, or adapt to new health and safety protocols. Being flexible and adaptable is key.

Cultural Awareness : With guests coming from all corners of the globe, understanding and respecting cultural differences is crucial. This awareness can enhance guest experiences and prevent misunderstandings.

Education and Training

Now, how do you develop these skills? Education and training play a crucial role.

Bachelor’s Degrees : A bachelor’s degree in hospitality management or tourism provides a solid foundation. These programs cover everything from the basics of customer service to the complexities of global tourism management.

Master’s Degrees : For those looking to take their career to the next level, a master’s degree offers specialized knowledge and leadership training. It’s perfect for roles in management and strategic planning within the industry.

Certifications : Short-term certifications can also boost your career. These might focus on specific areas like revenue management, event planning, or even sommelier courses for the food and beverage sector.

Institutions like Glion offer comprehensive programs that not only cover these essential skills but also provide practical experience through internships and industry projects. This hands-on experience is invaluable, allowing you to apply what you’ve learned in real-world settings.

The hospitality and tourism industry is about creating experiences. Whether you’re managing a hotel, planning events, or guiding tours, your success hinges on your ability to connect with and understand people from all walks of life. Education and training equip you with the tools to do just that, setting you up for a rewarding career in this vibrant industry.

As we look ahead, let’s explore the Growth and Future of the Hospitality and Tourism Industry and what it means for professionals in this field.

Growth and Future of the Hospitality and Tourism Industry

The hospitality and tourism industry is on a fast track, evolving with new trends, technology, and a strong focus on sustainability. Let’s dive into what’s shaping the future of this vibrant sector.

Industry Trends

Personalized Experiences : Travelers today seek unique and personalized experiences. They want to dive deep into local cultures, cuisines, and activities that are not part of the usual tourist trails. This demand is pushing businesses to customize their offerings.

Health and Wellness Tourism : A growing trend, especially post-pandemic, is the focus on health and wellness. Destinations offering wellness retreats, spa experiences, and outdoor activities are becoming increasingly popular.

Bleisure Travel : The blend of business and leisure travel is a trend that’s here to stay. Professionals often extend their business trips to enjoy the destination, leading to opportunities for hospitality and tourism sectors to cater to this niche.

Technological Advancements

AI and Machine Learning : From chatbots answering customer queries to AI-driven personalization of travel experiences, technology is at the forefront of transforming how services are delivered and experienced.

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) : These technologies offer potential guests a sneak peek into what they can expect from their travel experience, enhancing their decision-making process.

Smart Rooms : The use of smart technology in hotel rooms for controlling temperature, lighting, and even ordering room service is enhancing guest experiences by offering convenience at their fingertips.

Sustainability

Eco-friendly Practices : There’s a significant shift towards sustainable tourism. Travelers are more conscious of their environmental impact, leading to a demand for eco-friendly accommodations and travel options.

Local Community Engagement : Supporting local communities by promoting local artisans, guides, and culinary experiences is becoming a priority for travelers, aligning with sustainable tourism goals.

Sustainable Transportation : The promotion of electric vehicles, bicycles, and walking tours is not only reducing the carbon footprint but also offering unique and immersive ways to explore destinations.

Looking Ahead

The future of hospitality and tourism is bright and brimming with opportunities. As the industry adapts to changing consumer preferences, embraces technology, and moves towards sustainability, it opens up new avenues for growth and innovation.

Professionals in this field must stay abreast of these trends, continuously update their skills, and remain flexible to navigate the evolving landscape of hospitality and tourism. With a forward-looking approach, the industry is set to offer unparalleled experiences to travelers, making it an exciting time to be part of this dynamic field.

As we continue to explore the vast opportunities within hospitality and tourism, it’s clear that the sector is not just about travel and accommodation anymore. It’s about creating memorable experiences, leveraging technology for convenience and personalization, and most importantly, doing so in a way that respects and preserves our planet for future generations .

In conclusion, the growth and future of the hospitality and tourism industry are shaped by the collective efforts of businesses, professionals, and travelers themselves, working towards a more sustainable, tech-savvy, and personalized travel experience.

Frequently Asked Questions about Hospitality and Tourism

In hospitality and tourism , there’s a lot to explore. Let’s dive into some common questions to help clear things up.

What is tourism and hospitality?

At its core, tourism is about traveling. Whether it’s for fun, to see family, or for work, it’s all about going to different places. Hospitality is how we make those travelers feel welcome. Think hotels, restaurants, and all the services that make a trip enjoyable.

These two go hand in hand. Without tourism, there’s less need for hospitality. And without good hospitality, tourism wouldn’t be as appealing.

Is hospitality and tourism a good degree?

Yes, it is. Here’s why:

• Job opportunities : This field is growing fast. From managing a hotel to planning events, there are many paths you can take.
• Diverse skills : You learn about business, customer service, and working with different cultures.
• Travel : For those who love to see new places, some jobs in this field might even require you to travel as part of your work.

What does hospitality and tourism fall under?

Hospitality and tourism is a part of the service industry. It includes a wide range of businesses, like hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, and theme parks. These businesses all share a common goal: to take care of people when they’re away from home, whether they’re on vacation or traveling for work .

In conclusion, the hospitality and tourism industry is vibrant and full of opportunities for those who are passionate about making people’s travel experiences memorable and enjoyable. Whether you’re interested in the operational side, like managing a hotel, or the creative aspect, like planning tours or events, there’s a place for you in this dynamic field.

Wrapping up our exploration of the hospitality and tourism sector, it’s clear that this industry is not just about providing services; it’s about creating experiences that last a lifetime. For those with a passion for making every guest’s stay memorable, the opportunities for career advancement are both vast and fulfilling.

Career Advancement in hospitality and tourism often means moving up the ranks from operational roles into management and beyond. It’s about honing your skills in communication, customer service, and flexibility, while also embracing the cultural awareness needed to cater to a global clientele. The path to advancement might start on the front lines but can lead to roles as a hotel manager, event coordinator, or even a travel consultant, each offering the chance to make a significant impact on the experiences of travelers and guests.

At Weekender Management , we understand the nuances and complexities of the hospitality and tourism industry. Our commitment is not just to our clients but to the broader community of professionals seeking to make their mark in this vibrant field. Through our comprehensive management services, we strive to maximize the potential of vacation rental properties, ensuring they not only meet but exceed the expectations of guests. Our focus on continuous improvement and long-term growth positions us as a strategic partner for those looking to advance their careers within this exciting industry.

Whether you’re a property owner looking to elevate your rental’s performance or a hospitality professional aiming for the next step in your career, Weekender Management is here to support your journey. With our deep industry knowledge and dedication to excellence, we help our clients navigate the complexities of the vacation rental market, ensuring their success now and in the future.

For those passionate about the hospitality and tourism industry, the possibilities are endless. With the right approach, dedication, and a partner like Weekender Management, achieving your career goals and contributing to the vibrant tapestry of this industry is well within reach.

Discover how we can help you maximize your potential in the hospitality and tourism industry by visiting Weekender Management . Together, let’s create unforgettable experiences for guests around the world and pave the way for your successful career in this dynamic field.

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Hospitality vs. Tourism: Exploring the Differences and Similarities

Introduction.

We all have participated in tourism activities at some point, whether visiting family in another city, exploring local monuments, or going on a holiday abroad. Tourism involves temporarily traveling to destinations outside our usual living and working areas, engaging in various activities at each destination.

Why Do People Travel?

Tourism encompasses various types of travel, including business, recreation, healthcare, sports, religious activities, meetings, and family trips. It involves the movement of people within a city, state, country, or across international boundaries. During these activities, tourists interact with service providers like travel agents, guides, transporters, ushers, and souvenir sellers, all of whom contribute to the vibrant tourism industry.

Impact of Tourism

Tourism significantly impacts destinations, affecting their economic, socio-cultural, and environmental aspects. Economically, tourism boosts tax revenue, personal income, living standards, and job opportunities. Socioculturally, it fosters interactions between different cultures, influencing attitudes and behaviors. Environmentally, tourism impacts an area’s carrying capacity, vegetation, air and water quality, wildlife, and natural phenomena.

Government Organizations and Their Role in Tourism

The Ministry of Tourism oversees several public sector undertakings and autonomous institutions, including:

• India Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC)
• Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management (IITTM)
• National Institute of Water Sports (NIWS)

The Role of the United Nations in Tourism

The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the leading international organization in tourism, promoting it as a driver of economic growth, inclusive development, and environmental sustainability. UNWTO offers leadership and support to advance tourism knowledge and policies worldwide, focusing on:

• Competitiveness
• Sustainability
• Poverty Reduction
• Capacity Building
• Partnerships
• Mainstreaming Responsible and Sustainable Tourism

The Interdependence of Tourism and Hospitality

The tourism sector relies heavily on the hospitality industry for both domestic and international travel. While tourism manages travel arrangements, the hospitality sector provides essential services such as accommodation and food. In turn, tourism boosts the hospitality sector by bringing attention to remote locations, increasing business for hotels and lodges. Both industries depend on each other for survival, with tourists needing basic services regardless of their travel purpose.

Similarities between Tourism and Hospitality

• Service-Oriented Industries: Both fields focus on providing high-quality services to customers.
• Customer-Centric Approach: Professionals prioritize guest satisfaction through personalized and attentive services.
• Interdisciplinary Nature: Collaboration across disciplines like communication, marketing, finance, and human resource management is crucial.
• Global Perspective: Both industries operate globally, serving international clientele and navigating diverse cultural contexts.
• Economic Impact: Tourism and hospitality significantly contribute to regional economies by creating jobs and generating revenue through accommodation, dining, transportation, and related activities.

Key Differences

Hospitality management:.

• Primary Focus: Provides services and accommodations for guests, managing hotels , resorts, restaurants, and event venues.
• Scope of Operations: Concerned with day-to-day operations, guest satisfaction, staff management, and maintaining positive guest experiences.
• Primary Focus: Encompasses broader aspects of travel and tourism, including destination management, tour operations, travel agencies, and attractions.
• Scope of Operations: Involves planning, development, and promotion of tourism destinations.

In summary, while hospitality management focuses on operational aspects, tourism studies emphasize strategic and marketing aspects related to travel and exploration. Understanding the intricate relationship between these two sectors is essential for maximizing their potential and ensuring sustainable growth.

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Before engaging in a study of tourism, let’s have a closer look at what this term means.

Definition of Tourism

There are a number of ways tourism can be defined, and for this reason, the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) embarked on a project from 2005 to 2007 to create a common glossary of terms for tourism. It defines tourism as follows:

Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. These people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure (United Nations World Tourism Organization, 2008).

Using this definition, we can see that tourism is not just the movement of people for a number of purposes (whether business or pleasure), but the overall agglomeration of activities, services, and involved sectors that make up the unique tourist experience.

Tourism, Travel, and Hospitality: What are the Differences?

It is common to confuse the terms tourism, travel, and hospitality or to define them as the same thing. While tourism is the all-encompassing umbrella term for the activities and industry that create the tourist experience, the UNWTO (2020) defines travel as the activity of moving between different locations often for any purpose but more so for leisure and recreation (Hall & Page, 2006). On the other hand, hospitality can be defined as “the business of helping people to feel welcome and relaxed and to enjoy themselves” (Discover Hospitality, 2015, p. 3). Simply put, the hospitality industry is the combination of the accommodation and food and beverage groupings, collectively making up the largest segment of the industry (Go2HR, 2020). You’ll learn more about accommodations and F & B in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 , respectively.

Definition of Tourist and Excursionist

Building on the definition of tourism, a commonly accepted description of a tourist is “someone who travels at least 80 km from his or her home for at least 24 hours, for business or leisure or other reasons” (LinkBC, 2008, p.8). The United Nations World Tourism Organization (1995) helps us break down this definition further by stating tourists can be:

• Domestic (residents of a given country travelling only within that country)
• Inbound (non-residents travelling in a given country)
• Outbound (residents of one country travelling in another country)

Excursionists on the other hand are considered same-day visitors (UNWTO, 2020). Sometimes referred to as “day trippers.” Understandably, not every visitor stays in a destination overnight. It is common for travellers to spend a few hours or less to do sightseeing, visit attractions, dine at a local restaurant, then leave at the end of the day.

The scope of tourism, therefore, is broad and encompasses a number of activities and sectors.

Spotlight On: United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

UNWTO is the United Nations agency responsible “for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism” (UNWTO, 2014b). Its membership includes 159 countries and over 500 affiliates such as private companies, research and educational institutions, and non-governmental organizations. It promotes tourism as a way of developing communities while encouraging ethical behaviour to mitigate negative impacts. For more information, visit the UNWTO website .

NAICS: The North American Industry Classification System

Given the sheer size of the tourism industry, it can be helpful to break it down into broad industry groups using a common classification system. The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) was jointly created by the Canadian, US, and Mexican governments to ensure common analysis across all three countries (British Columbia Ministry of Jobs, Tourism and Skills Training, 2013a). The tourism-related groupings created using NAICS are (in alphabetical order):

• Accommodation
• Food and beverage services (commonly known as “F & B”)
• Recreation and entertainment
• Transportation
• Travel services

These industry groups (also commonly known as sectors) are based on the similarity of the “labour processes and inputs” used for each (Government of Canada, 2013). For instance, the types of employees and resources required to run an accommodation business whether it be a hotel, motel, or even a campground are quite similar. All these businesses need staff to check in guests, provide housekeeping, employ maintenance workers, and provide a place for people to sleep. As such, they can be grouped together under the heading of accommodation. The same is true of the other four groupings, and the rest of this text explores these industry groups, and other aspects of tourism, in more detail.

It is typical for the entire tourist experience to involve more than one sector. The combination of sectors that supply and distribute the needed tourism products, services, and activities within the tourism system is called the Tourism Supply Chain. Often, these chains of sectors and activities are dependent upon each other’s delivery of products and services. Let’s look at a simple example below that describes the involved and sometimes overlapping sectoral chains in the tourism experience:

Before we seek to understand the five tourism sectors in more detail, it’s important to have an overview of the history and impacts of tourism to date.

Long Descriptions

Figure 1.2 long description: Diagram showing the tourism supply chain. This includes the phases of travel and the sectors and activities involved during each phase.

There are three travel phases: pre-departure, during travel, and post-departure.

Pre-departure, tourists use the travel services and transportation sectors.

During travel, tourists use the travel services, accommodations, food and beverage, recreation and entertainment, and transportation sectors.

Post-departure, tourists use the transportation sector.

[Return to Figure 1.2]

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• Front Desk by Staying LEVEL is licensed under a CC BY-NC 4.0 Licence .

Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality in BC - 2nd Edition Copyright © 2015, 2020, 2021 by Morgan Westcott and Wendy Anderson, Eds is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Is there a difference between tourism and hospitality?

Is There a Difference Between Tourism and Hospitality?

When it comes to understanding the difference between tourism and hospitality, it’s important to recognize that while they are closely related, they are distinct concepts. Tourism refers to the activity of people traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for leisure, business, or other purposes. Hospitality, on the other hand, is the friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers.

In essence, tourism encompasses the act of traveling to destinations, exploring new places, and experiencing different cultures, while hospitality focuses on the service and accommodations provided to travelers and guests during their stay. While the two are interconnected, it’s clear that tourism and hospitality play different roles in the overall travel and hospitality industry.

FAQs About the Difference Between Tourism and Hospitality

1. What is the main difference between tourism and hospitality? The main difference between tourism and hospitality is that tourism refers to the act of traveling and visiting destinations, while hospitality encompasses the services and accommodations provided to travelers during their stay.

2. How do tourism and hospitality work together? Tourism and hospitality work together to create a seamless travel experience for individuals. Tourism brings people to destinations, while hospitality ensures that visitors are well taken care of during their stay.

3. Can tourism exist without hospitality? While tourism can technically exist without hospitality, the overall travel experience would be greatly diminished. Hospitality plays a crucial role in ensuring that travelers have a comfortable and enjoyable stay at their destination.

4. What are some examples of tourism without hospitality? Examples of tourism without hospitality could include camping or backpacking trips where travelers bring their own accommodations and supplies, therefore not relying on hospitality services.

5. How do the two concepts impact the travel industry? Tourism and hospitality are both integral to the travel industry. Tourism drives the demand for travel experiences, while hospitality provides the necessary infrastructure and services to accommodate visitors.

6. What skills are needed in tourism vs. hospitality? In tourism, skills such as destination knowledge, trip planning, and travel logistics are crucial. In hospitality, skills relating to customer service, facility management, and guest relations are important.

7. Can you work in tourism without hospitality? Yes, it is possible to work in the tourism industry without directly being involved in hospitality. For example, one could work in tourism marketing, travel agency management, or tour guiding without providing hospitality services.

8. How do tourism and hospitality contribute to the economy? Tourism and hospitality both contribute significantly to the economy through job creation, infrastructure development, and revenue generation from traveler spending.

9. What are the challenges of working in tourism and hospitality? Challenges in tourism may include unpredictable demand, seasonal fluctuations, and travel restrictions. In hospitality, challenges might involve maintaining high service standards, managing guest expectations, and handling diverse customer needs.

10. Can one exist without the other? While tourism and hospitality are distinct, they are interdependent. Without one, the overall travel experience would be incomplete. Tourism brings people to destinations, while hospitality provides the necessary services and accommodations for a fulfilling stay.

11. What career opportunities are available in tourism and hospitality? In tourism, career opportunities may include tour guiding, travel agency management, destination marketing, and event planning. In hospitality, careers may involve hotel management, restaurant management, customer service roles, and event coordination.

12. What are the impacts of tourism and hospitality on local communities? The impacts of tourism and hospitality on local communities can be both positive and negative. While these industries can provide economic benefits and job opportunities, they can also contribute to environmental issues, cultural dilution, and overtourism.

By understanding the differences between tourism and hospitality, individuals can gain a better grasp of the various components that make up the travel and hospitality industry. Each concept plays a unique role in providing enriching experiences for travelers, contributing to local economies, and shaping the overall landscape of the tourism sector.

About The Author

Lindsay McFarlane

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Differences between Tourism and Hospitality

The terms ‘Tourism’ and ‘Hospitality’ are often used together side by side. Formal university degrees are sometimes offered on both together e.g. BA (Hon’s) in Tourism and Hospitality Management. However, they are not the same thing. Although, they are considered to be under the same roof, some differences exist between the two. The difference is clear when universities are seen awarding separate degrees e.g. BA (Hon’s) in Tourism Management and BA (Hon’s) in Hospitality Management.

Definition of tourism

Tourism refers to the sum of the relationships arising out of the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes (Wall and Mathieson, 2005, cited in McCabe, 2009). Tourist destinations, transportation and tickets for travelling, and tourism activities such as mountain climbing, trekking, rock climbing, canoeing, mountain biking, jungle safari, sights seeing are some of the areas of tourism industry.

Definition of hospitality

Hospitality is about dealing with accommodation, food, and beverage for people away from home. It in the historical sense, concerns a duty of charitableness, offering protection (shelter) and succour (food and drink) to strangers (Lashley, 2000, cited in McCabe, 2009).

Differences between tourism and hospitality

First of all, let us look at the difference from an employment point of view. Hotel clerks, restaurant managers, bar managers, waiters, waitresses and so on are some of the job titles held by people working in the hospitality industry. On the other hand, tourist guide, destination PR consultant, travel consultant, tour operations assistant and so on are some of the job titles held by people working in the tourism industry.

Students with a tourism qualification should be able to find employment in national parks, museums, libraries, travel agencies, tour companies and so on. On the other hand, students with a hospitality qualification typically work in hotels, motels, café, restaurants, resorts, and many more.

There are different types of business within the hospitality industry and these businesses usually fall under four broad categories i.e. accommodation, food and beverage, travel and tourism, and entertainment. This shows that hospitality is a broad area, and tourism is a part of it. London, Paris, New York, Dubai, and Istanbul are very popular places for tourism. It is important that when visitors go there, they have a good experience. Places where they stay e.g. hotels or bed and breakfasts, must be welcoming, provide delicious food, accommodation and service to encourage them to come back and/or recommend others to come (BBC, 2020).

It can be said that tourism is tasked with managing a destination’s details and resources, while hospitality manages and facilitates the provisions of food, accommodation, and socialisation for tourists. To say it in another way, both tourism and hospitality complement each other. For example, a tourist needs tickets for travelling (tourism) and a place like hotel to stay in and perhaps a restaurant to eat in (hospitality).

We hope the article ‘Differences between tourism and hospitality’ has been a useful read. You may also like reading Positive and negative impacts of tourism . Other relevant articles for you are:

Ecotourism – definition and characteristics

Enclave tourism – definition and characteristics

If you liked any of these articles, please feel free to share with others by clicking on the icons below. Also enter your email address at the bottom of the site to ‘Join us’ free for our newly published articles and newsletters.

Last update: 25 September 2020

Further reading/references

BBC (2020) What is hospitality, available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zvtx47h/revision/5 (accessed 25 September 2020)

McCabe, S. (2009) Marketing Communications in Tourism and Hospitality: Concepts, Strategies and Cases, 1st edition, Butterworth-Heinemann

Author: M Rahman

M Rahman writes extensively online and offline with an emphasis on business management, marketing, and tourism. He is a lecturer in Management and Marketing. He holds an MSc in Tourism & Hospitality from the University of Sunderland. Also, graduated from Leeds Metropolitan University with a BA in Business & Management Studies and completed a DTLLS (Diploma in Teaching in the Life-Long Learning Sector) from London South Bank University.

Related Posts

Positive and negative impacts of tourism, different types of business within the hospitality industry.

What Are the Similarities and Differences of Tourism and Hospitality?

By Michael Ferguson

Tourism and hospitality are two industries that are closely related to each other, but they are not the same. They both deal with providing services to people, but they do it in different ways. In this article, we will explore the similarities and differences between these two industries.

Similarities between Tourism and Hospitality

1. Customer Service: Both tourism and hospitality industries are focused on providing excellent customer service to their clients. They aim to meet the needs and wants of their customers by offering high-quality services.

2. Working with People: Both industries require working with people. The tourism industry deals with tourists, while the hospitality industry deals with guests who stay at hotels or resorts.

3. Diverse Workforce: Both industries offer opportunities for people from different backgrounds to work together. Workers may come from different countries, speak different languages, and have different cultures.

Differences between Tourism and Hospitality

1. Focus on Travel: The tourism industry focuses on travel experiences for tourists. It includes transportation, accommodation, attractions, entertainment, and food services. Seasonal Nature: The tourism industry is often seasonal in nature because it depends on factors such as weather conditions, holidays, and events. Wide Range of Services: The tourism industry includes a wide range of services such as tour operators, travel agencies, airlines, hotels, restaurants, theme parks, museums etc.

Hospitality

1. Accommodation Focus: The hospitality industry focuses mainly on providing accommodation for guests in hotels or resorts. Year-round Business: The hospitality industry is a year-round business because people travel for various reasons at any time of the year like business trips or personal vacations. Limited Services: The hospitality industry offers limited services compared to the tourism industry, usually just accommodation and food services.

9 Related Question Answers Found

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Exploring the Distinct Dimensions: Unraveling the Difference Between Tourism and Hospitality

• August 31, 2024
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It is common to see the terms “hospitality” and “tourism” used side by side. Formal university degrees, such as the BA (Hons) in Tourism and Hospitality Management, are occasionally provided in both subjects simultaneously. They are not the same thing, though. Even though they are seen as sharing a roof, the two are not the same. The differences between tourism and hospitality are evident when institutions confer distinct degrees, such as a BA (Hons) in Hospitality Management and a BA (Hons) in Tourism Management.

What tourism is defined as

According to Wall and Mathieson (2005), referenced in McCabe (2009), tourism is the culmination of all the interactions resulting from people coming to and remaining in locations outside their normal surroundings for up to a year straight for leisure, business, and other reasons. The tourism sector includes travel destinations, travel tickets and transportation, and tourism activities, including hiking, rock climbing, canoeing, mountain biking, jungle safaris, and sightseeing.

What hospitality means

Taking care of someone who is traveling by providing them with lodging, food, and drink is known as hospitality. In the historical sense, it refers to a moral obligation to provide strangers with food, drink, and safety (shelter) (Lashley, 2000, cited in McCabe, 2009).

What qualifications are necessary to succeed in jobs in hospitality and tourism?

Only some people are suited for a career in the hospitality and tourism sector. These are some essential skills that will set you apart from the competition if you want to have a successful career in this field:

Interaction

People often assume someone is an excellent communicator because they can write or speak. False. It takes work to communicate effectively while avoiding ambiguity or extra details. If you want to convince clients to choose you over your competitors in the hospitality and tourism industry, you must carefully consider the language you use.

Being an excellent listener is the simplest method to accomplish this. Listen to understand, not to decide how you will respond. You’ll be in a much better position to explain how and why you can meet people’s expectations after you know exactly what they want or need.

The art of diplomacy

Diplomacy is necessary for career chances in tourism management. Communication and awareness of your and your client’s emotions are key to diplomacy. You will benefit from becoming a skilled diplomat because the tourism and hospitality industries are subject to rapid change. Hotels can be reserved, flights can be delayed, or inclement weather can ruin guests’ vacations.

The main idea is that you must be prepared to handle disgruntled customers, resolve disputes, and act quickly to provide a solution, such as a refund, a discount, or another place to stay or travel.

Managing stress

Stress management skills are crucial for jobs in hospitality and tourism. You can learn how to do it even though you’re not very good at it right now. This will come in handy when you have to bargain with clients or oversee several large projects simultaneously.

The secret to doing well under duress is knowing when to seek assistance. Take only what you can manage, and communicate to your manager or fellow employees when you require assistance. If you’re in charge, develop your ability to assign and motivate others. Although it will sometimes be complicated, if you work together and communicate well, you and your team can handle difficult problems more easily.

Solving issues

The key to fixing problems is considering options and potential fixes rather than whining. This skill complements analytical thinking and meticulous attention to detail. With the help of these competencies, you will be able to assess possibilities and select the best one based on the client’s demands.

Working in the hospitality and tourism industry may also put you in situations that need other options. You have to learn to let those go and stop trying to control things out of your control. Let folks know about the issue and try to improve things slightly.

Advice on selecting a degree in tourism and hospitality

The following questions should help you determine the difference between tourism and hospitality and which hotel and tourism management program to enroll in:

• How much time am I able to commit to a course?
• Do I have to move or travel to pursue this program?
• How much is the program going to cost me?
• What abilities do I want to acquire from a course?
• What kind of degree or certification am I looking for?

These inquiries will assist you in selecting between a longer undergraduate or graduate program at a university, a certification in a particular field of interest, or an online course you can complete from the comfort of your home. 

Your level will determine the program you should enroll in. Do you want to work up to a management position, or are you just searching for an entry-level job? You can look for programs that fit the work requirements and read through job advertising that catches your attention.

Opportunities for employment 

Holiday Representative: Holiday representatives are responsible for looking after guests who arrive at hotels or resorts as part of vacation packages. It is their priority to ensure everything runs smoothly and that guests have a great time. The representatives are responsible for greeting customers and addressing any problems they may have while traveling.

Event Manager: Social, commercial, and promotional event planning and organization fall within the purview of event managers. They oversee the ongoing event, ensure patrons are involved, and effectively promote the event’s message. From the planning stage to the execution of the event and the post-event review, event managers oversee every aspect of the event. 

Tourism and hospitality are separate but closely related sectors supporting global trade. Both have strong earning potential, yet they cater to differences between tourism and hospitality hobbies and professions. While tourism emphasizes travel and adventure, hospitality places more emphasis on guest experiences. Your passion and ideal world determines your path.

In the hospitality or tourism industry, your journey begins whether your dream is to manage a five-star hotel, serve delectable cuisine, or guide visitors to intriguing locations. Remember that when you work in these disciplines, the world becomes more interesting and pleasant.

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Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.1 What is Tourism?

Before engaging in a study of tourism , let’s have a closer look at what this term means.

Definition of Tourism

There are a number of ways tourism can be defined, and for this reason, the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) embarked on a project from 2005 to 2007 to create a common glossary of terms for tourism. It defines tourism as follows:

Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. These people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure (United Nations World Tourism Organization, 2008).

Using this definition, we can see that tourism is not just the movement of people for a number of purposes (whether business or pleasure), but the overall agglomeration of activities, services, and involved sectors that make up the unique tourist experience.

Tourism, Travel, and Hospitality: What are the Differences?

It is common to confuse the terms tourism , travel , and hospitality or to define them as the same thing. While tourism is the all-encompassing umbrella term for the activities and industry that create the tourist experience, the UNWTO (2020) defines travel as the activity of moving between different locations often for any purpose but more so for leisure and recreation (Hall & Page, 2006). On the other hand, hospitality can be defined as “the business of helping people to feel welcome and relaxed and to enjoy themselves” (Discover Hospitality, 2015, p. 3). Simply put, the hospitality industry is the combination of the accommodation and food and beverage groupings, collectively making up the largest segment of the industry (Go2HR, 2020). You’ll learn more about accommodations and F & B in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 , respectively.

Definition of Tourist and Excursionist

Building on the definition of tourism, a commonly accepted description of a tourist is “someone who travels at least 80 km from his or her home for at least 24 hours, for business or leisure or other reasons” (LinkBC, 2008, p.8). The United Nations World Tourism Organization (1995) helps us break down this definition further by stating tourists can be:

• Domestic (residents of a given country travelling only within that country)
• Inbound (non-residents travelling in a given country)
• Outbound (residents of one country travelling in another country)

Excursionists  on the other hand are considered same-day visitors (UNWTO, 2020). Sometimes referred to as “day trippers.” Understandably, not every visitor stays in a destination overnight. It is common for travellers to spend a few hours or less to do sightseeing, visit attractions, dine at a local restaurant, then leave at the end of the day.

The scope of tourism, therefore, is broad and encompasses a number of activities and sectors.

Spotlight On: United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

UNWTO is the United Nations agency responsible “for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism” (UNWTO, 2014b). Its membership includes 159 countries and over 500 affiliates such as private companies, research and educational institutions, and non-governmental organizations. It promotes tourism as a way of developing communities while encouraging ethical behaviour to mitigate negative impacts. For more information, visit the UNWTO website .

NAICS: The North American Industry Classification System

Given the sheer size of the tourism industry, it can be helpful to break it down into broad industry groups using a common classification system. The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) was jointly created by the Canadian, US, and Mexican governments to ensure common analysis across all three countries (British Columbia Ministry of Jobs, Tourism and Skills Training, 2013a). The tourism-related groupings created using NAICS are (in alphabetical order):

• Accommodation
• Food and beverage services (commonly known as “F & B”)
• Recreation and entertainment
• Transportation
• Travel services

These industry groups (also commonly known as sectors) are based on the similarity of the “labour processes and inputs” used for each (Government of Canada, 2013). For instance, the types of employees and resources required to run an accommodation business whether it be a hotel, motel, or even a campground are quite similar. All these businesses need staff to check in guests, provide housekeeping, employ maintenance workers, and provide a place for people to sleep. As such, they can be grouped together under the heading of accommodation. The same is true of the other four groupings, and the rest of this text explores these industry groups, and other aspects of tourism, in more detail.

It is typical for the entire tourist experience to involve more than one sector. The combination of sectors that supply and distribute the needed tourism products, services, and activities within the tourism system is called the Tourism Supply Chain. Often, these chains of sectors and activities are dependent upon each other’s delivery of products and services. Let’s look at a simple example below that describes the involved and sometimes overlapping sectoral chains in the tourism experience:

Before we seek to understand the five tourism sectors in more detail, it’s important to have an overview of the history and impacts of tourism to date.

Long Descriptions

Figure 1.2 long description: Diagram showing the tourism supply chain. This includes the phases of travel and the sectors and activities involved during each phase.

There are three travel phases: pre-departure, during travel, and post-departure.

Pre-departure, tourists use the travel services and transportation sectors.

During travel, tourists use the travel services, accommodations, food and beverage, recreation and entertainment, and transportation sectors.

Post-departure, tourists use the transportation sector.

[Return to Figure 1.2]

Media Attributions

• Front Desk by Staying LEVEL is licensed under a CC BY-NC 4.0 Licence .

Tourism according the the UNWTO is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes.

UN agency responsible for promoting responsible, sustainable, and universally accessible tourism worldwide.

Moving between different locations for leisure and recreation.

The accommodations and food and beverage industry groupings.

someone who travels at least 80 km from his or her home for at least 24 hours, for business or leisure or other reasons

A same-day visitor to a destination. Their trip typically ends on the same day when they leave the destination.

A way to group tourism activities based on similarities in business practices, primarily used for statistical analysis.

Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality in BC - 2nd Edition Copyright © 2015, 2020, 2021 by Morgan Westcott and Wendy Anderson, Eds is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Chapter 16 Hospitality and Tourism

Learning Objectives

• Understand what tourism is: definition, components, and importance.
• Understand the economic, social, and environmental benefits and costs of tourism.
• Define hospitality and the pineapple tradition.
• Identify the types of hotel categories and how they are determined.
• Examine the different categories of food service operations.
• Understand the different types of events, meetings, and conventions.

The tourism industry is often cited as the largest industry in the world, contributing 10 percent of the world’s GDP. In 2016 there were over 1.2 billion international tourists: that’s a substantial economic impact and movement of goods and services! [1] Tourism is also considered an export and is unique in that the consumers come to the product where it is consumed on-site. Before we dig any deeper, let’s explore what the term “tourism” means.

Definition of Tourism

There are a number of ways tourism can be defined. The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) embarked on a project from 2005 to 2007 to create a common glossary of terms for tourism. It defines tourism as follows:

A social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. These people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure. [2]

In other words, tourism is the movement of people for a number of purposes (whether business or pleasure). It is important to understand the various groups and constituencies involved in this movement. Of course it includes the tourist, but also the vast array of businesses providing goods and services for the tourist, the government and political structure of a destination, and the local residents of the destination community itself. Each of these components are necessary parts of a successful tourism destination and operate within private and public sectors, the built environment, and the natural environment. All these come together to create the processes, activities, and outcomes of tourism.

If it all seems a little overwhelming, it might be helpful to break tourism down into broad industry groups, each of which will be covered in this chapter:

Accommodation and Lodging

• Food and Beverage Services (F & B)

Recreation and Entertainment

• Convention & Event Management

Travel Services

• Private Clubs

Benefits and Costs of Tourism

Tourism impacts can be grouped into three main categories: economic, social, and environmental. These impacts are analyzed using data gathered by businesses, governments, and industry organizations. Some impacts gain more attention than others. It is also important to recognize that different groups and constituencies are impacted differently.

Economic Impacts of Tourism

The tourism industry has a huge economic impact that continues to expand to new markets and destinations. According to the UNWTO, in 2016 “The total export value from international tourism amounted to US$ 1.5 trillion.” [3]  Regions with the highest growth in terms of tourism dollars earned (2016 vs 2015) are Africa, Asia and the Pacific, the Americas Europe. Only the Middle East posted negative growth at the time of the report. As well, the UNWTO’s Tourism 20 3 0 Vision report predicts that international arrivals will reach nearly 1.8 billion by 2030. [4] Figure 16.2 provides additional information about the impact of tourism worldwide. The global pandemic of 2020 which limited or in some cases ceased any citizen travel has had a direct and significant impact on global tourism, as outlined in Figure 16.2.

Positive impacts from the prior economic boom include robust foreign exchange, increases in income, and GDP growth. Tourism can also offer diverse employment opportunities, can be developed with local products, and is often compatible with other economic activities within a destination. Tourism often injects money into the community that leads to secondary economic development as well. For example, successful resorts may create the need for a commercial laundry facility or a pet boarding business.

However, there are also negative impacts. Property values may increase to the point of unaffordability for local residents, and the seasonality of the tourism industry may create a feast-or-famine economy. As with any economy, if too many resources are focused on just one industry, communities may be vulnerable to any unexpected economic, social, or environmental changes. One example is the New Jersey shore after the devastation of Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The tourism industry was severely impacted, leaving no economic fallback for local residents.

Social Impacts of Tourism

In addition to the economic benefits of tourism development, positive social impacts include an increase in amenities (e.g., parks, recreation facilities), investment in arts, culture, heritage and tradition, celebration of indigenous communities, and community pride. Tourism also has the potential to break down language, socio-cultural, religious, and political barriers. When developed conscientiously, tourism can, and does, contribute to a positive quality of life for residents and promotes a positive image of the destination.

However, as identified by the United Nations Environment Programme, negative social impacts of tourism can include: change or loss of indigenous identity and values; culture clashes; changes in family structure; conflict within the community for the tourism dollar; and ethical issues, including an increase in sex tourism, crime, gambling, and/or the exploitation of child workers. [5]

Environmental Impacts of Tourism

Tourism relies on, and greatly impacts, the natural environment in which it operates. In some destinations, there is a great appreciation of the environmental resources as the source of the tourism industry, and as such there are environmental protection policies and plans in place. Tourism has helped to save many delicate ecosystems and their flora and fauna. Preservation of these important resources benefits not only the tourist but also the local residents as well.

Even though many areas of the world are conserved in the form of parks and protected areas, tourism development can still have severe negative economic impacts. According to The United Nations Environment Programme, these can include the depletion of natural resources (water, forests, etc.), pollution (air pollution, noise, sewage, waste and littering), and physical impacts (construction activities, marina development, trampling, loss of biodiversity, and spread of disease). [6]

The environmental impacts of tourism can reach beyond local areas and have an effect on the global ecosystem. One example is increased air travel, which is often identified as a major contributor to climate change.

Whether positive or negative, tourism is a force for change around the world, and the industry is transforming at a staggering rate.

The Hospitality Industry

When looking at tourism it is important to consider the term hospitality. Some define hospitality as “the business of helping people to feel welcome and relaxed and to enjoy themselves.” [7] Simply put, the hospitality industry is the combination of the accommodation and food and beverage groupings, collectively making up the largest segment of the industry.

The pineapple has long been the symbol of hospitality. The Caribs, indigenous people of the Lower Antilles in the Caribbean, first used it as such a symbol. The Spaniards knew they were welcome if a pineapple was placed at the entrance to the village. This symbolism spread across Europe and North America where it became the custom to carve the shape of a pineapple into the columns of residences. [8] It is now common to see the image of the pineapple as a sign of welcome, warmth and hospitality.

The types of employees and resources required to run an accommodation business—whether it be a hotel, motel, or even a campground—are quite similar. All these businesses need staff to check in guests, provide housekeeping, employ maintenance workers, and provide a place for people to sleep. As such, they can be grouped together under the heading of accommodation and lodging . Figure 16.4 summarizes the various groupings within the industry.

Figure 16.4: The scope of the hospitality industry.

Hotel Types

Hotels are typically referred to by hotel type or other classifications. Hotel type is determined primarily by how it will function and what amenities will be included within the property. Size, location, service levels and type of business or targeted market segments are additional classifications. Industry also classifies hotels by chain scale … separating hotels into categories determined by their average daily rates. Various ownership structures and brand affiliations also differentiate hotels.

Classifications

Hotels may be classified on a number of different variables. Type of Hotel : There are numerous classifications by hotel type including all-inclusive hotels, all-suite properties, B&B/Inns, boutique, convention/conference centers, condo hotels, resort, extended stay, full service, casino, limited service and timeshare properties. Size and Complexity: A hotel can be classified by the number of guest rooms it has; hotel sizes can range from a small boutique hotel with fewer than 50 rooms to a large resort hotel with more than 1,000 rooms. The complexity of the hotel is determined by the volume and number of additional revenue generating functions such as the square feet of available conference space, number of F&B operations and additional services and amenities like pools, fitness centers, spas, golf, etc. Location: The location of a hotel can also determine the type of guest served. An airport hotel may be very different from a city-center property in an urban environment, or a remote island resort or a small quaint bed and breakfast located on top of a mountain. Hotels that specialize in conferences, may locate near entertainment destinations like Las Vegas or Disney theme parks to provide pre-post conference activities for attendees. Service Level: The level of service provided is also a key variable, ranging from an inexpensive budget or economy hotel, (Limited or Focused Service Hotels) which may have limited services and amenities, to upscale and luxury hotels (Full Service Hotels) with many services and a wide range of amenities. Market Segmentation: Figure 16.5 outlines the characteristics of specific hotel types that have evolved to match the needs of a particular traveler segment. As illustrated, hotels adapt and diversify depending on the markets they desire and need to drive occupancy levels and generate revenues. Some hotels will specialize in a specific market segment, but in today’s competitive environment, most hotels will target a combination of these segments.

Figure 16.5: Types of hotel market segments and their key characteristics.

There are several other industry related organizations, such as Forbes and AAA which provide Consumer Ratings for individual hotels … another form of classifying a property. Forbes has traditionally awarded one to five “Stars” and AAA, one to five “Diamond” ratings. Additionally, many social media applications like Trip Advisor offer hotel property ratings to consumers.

Chain Scale: Smith Travel Research (STR) is an organization that provides the lodging industry with global data benchmarking, analytics and marketplace insights. STR classifies the lodging industry into six chain scale segments according to their respective brand Average Daily Rate (ADR). The six segments are defined as Luxury ; Upper Upscale ; Upscale ; Mid-Scale with F&B ( Upper Mid-Scale ); Mid-Scale without F&B ( Mid-Scale ) and Economy . Through STR’s 30—plus years of service to the hospitality industry—they have developed vital benchmarking performance solutions, established market trend transparency and provided data used by the investment community to support hotel development projects. Their core product, the STAR report, provides hotel owners and operators with comparative performance data between their property and a defined set of market competitors and allows you to follow trends in hotel occupancy, average daily rate (ADR) and revenue per available room (RevPar). Developers, investors, industry analysts, hotel brands and management companies all utilize STR data when determine what type of hotel to build and what location would provide maximum opportunity for success.

The type of ownership, brand affiliation and management are also very important variables in the classification of hotels. Owners may manage their own hotels independently but in today’s competitive environment, they would likely sign a Franchise Agreement with a nationally recognized brand as well as a Management Contract with a hotel management company to manage the property. A hotel chain such as Marriott, Hilton, Hyatt or IHG (Intercontinental Hotel Group) is comprised of multiple brands: Marriott, following their recent merger with Starwood currently has 30 different hotel brands, with each name representing a different level of price, service or targeted market segments.

Branding Decision

Selecting a brand affiliation is one of the most significant decisions hotel owners must make. [9] The brand affiliation selected will largely determine the cost of hotel development or conversion of an existing property to meet the standards of the new brand. The affiliation will also determine a number of things about the ongoing operation including the level of services and amenities offered, cost of operation, marketing opportunities or restrictions, and the competitive position in the marketplace. For these reasons, owners typically consider several branding options before choosing to operate independently or to adopt a brand affiliation.

Franchise Agreements

Another managerial and ownership structure is franchising. A hotel franchise enables individuals or investment companies (the franchisee) to build or purchase a hotel and then buy or lease a brand name to become part of a chain of hotels using the franchisor’s hotel brand, image, loyalty program, goodwill, procedures, cost controls, marketing, and reservations systems. [10]

A franchisee becomes part of a network of properties that use a central reservations system with access to electronic distribution channels, regional and national marketing programs, central purchasing, revenue management support, and brand operating standards. A franchisee also receives training, support, and advice from the franchisor and must adhere to regular inspections, audits, and reporting requirements.

Selecting a franchise structure may reduce investment risk by enabling the franchisee to associate with an established hotel company. Franchise fees can be substantial, and a franchisee must be willing to adhere to the contractual obligations with the franchisor. [11] Franchise fees typically include an initial fee paid with the franchise application and continuing fees paid during the term of the agreement. These fees are usually a percentage of revenue but can be set at a fixed fee. The total percentage of sales ranges significantly for hotels from 3.3⁠–14.7 percent with a median of 11.8 percent. [12]

Management Contracts

It is common for ownership to utilize a management contract , which is a service offered by a management company to manage a hotel or resort for its owners. Owners have two main options for the structure of a management contract. One is to enter into a management agreement with an independent third-party hotel management company to manage the hotel. There are hundreds of these companies, but some of the large organizations include Aimbridge, Benchmark Hospitality, Crescent Hotels, Interstate Hotels, and White Lodging. A slightly different option is for owners to select a single company to provide both the brand and the expertise to manage the property. Marriott, Hilton, and Hyatt, are companies that provide this second option to owners.

Food and Beverage Services

The food and beverage sector is commonly known to industry professionals by its initials F&B. The F&B sector grew from simple origins to meet the basic needs for food and beverage services to increasing demand for unique experiences and broader options. As the interests of the public became more diverse, so too did the offerings of the F&B sector. The increasing awareness and demand for organic, sustainable, local or craft options as well as special dietary needs in food and beverage continue to challenge this industry. In addition, in order to better attract and serve a diverse array of diners, the F&B industry now consists of a variety of segments. The following is a discussion of each.

Quick-Service Restaurants

Formerly known as fast-food restaurants, examples of  quick-service restaurants , or QSRs, include Chick-fil-A, Subway, and Pizza Hut. This prominent portion of the food sector generally caters to both residents and visitors, and it is represented in areas that are conveniently accessed by both. Brands, chains, and franchises dominate the QSR landscape. While the sector has made steps to move away from the traditional “fast-food” image and style of service, it is still dominated by both fast food and food fast; in other words, food that is purchased and prepared quickly, and generally consumed quickly as well.

Fast-Casual Restaurants

Fast-Casual restaurants focus on higher quality ingredients than QSR’s and provide made-to-order food in an environment that does not include table service. Customers usually queue and order at a counter. The seating area is more upscale and comfortable. Examples would include Chipotle Mexican Grill, Panera and Jason’s Deli.

Full-Service Restaurants

Full-service restaurants  are perhaps the most fluid of the F&B operation types, adjusting and changing to the demands of the marketplace. Consumer expectations are higher here than with QSRs. [13] The menus offered are varied, but in general reflect the image of the restaurant or consumer’s desired experience. Major segments include fine dining, family/casual, ethnic, and upscale casual.

Fine dining restaurants are characterized by highly trained chefs preparing complex food items, exquisitely presented. Meals are brought to the table by experienced servers with sound food and beverage knowledge in an upscale atmosphere with table linens, fine china, crystal stemware, and silver-plate cutlery. The table is often embellished with fresh flowers and candles. In these businesses, the average check, which is the total sales divided by number of guests served, is quite high (often reviewed with the cost symbols of three or four dollar signs: $$$ or $$$$.) Examples include the Inn at Little Washington, Ruth’s Chris Steakhouse and Capitol Grille.

Casual restaurants serve moderately-priced to upscale food in a more casual atmosphere. Casual dining comprises a market segment between fast casual establishments and fine dining restaurants. Casual dining restaurants often have a full bar with separate bar staff, a larger beer menu and a limited wine menu. This segment is full of chains such as Chili’s, Outback, Red Robin and Cracker Barrel as well as many independent restaurants in regional or local markets.

Family restaurants  offer affordable menu items that span a variety of customer tastes. They also have the operational flexibility in menu and restaurant layout to welcome large groups of diners. An analysis of menus in family/casual restaurants reveals a high degree of operational techniques such as menu item cross-utilization, where a few key ingredients are repurposed in several ways. Both chain and independent restaurant operators flourish in this sector. Examples of chains in this category would be Golden Corral, Cici’s Pizza and Ponderosa Steakhouse.

Ethnic restaurants  typically reflect the owner’s cultural identity, Vietnamese, Cuban, Thai, etc. The growth and changing nature of this sector reflects the acceptance of various ethnic foods within our communities. Ethnic restaurants generally evolve along two routes: toward remaining authentic to the cuisine of the country of origin or toward larger market acceptance through modifying menu items. [14] Examples would be P.F. Chang’s, Tara Thai or Pei Wei.

Wineries, Cideries, Local Craft Beer, and Distilleries 

The beverage industry continues to evolve as well with a strong focus on local craft beers, wines, cider and distilling. Wineries exist in almost every state, with over 300 in Virginia as of 2022. [15] Wine, bourbon, cider trails and brew pub crawls, etc. are used to generate awareness and create experiences for customers. Wineries often use event space or festivals to take advantage of the beauty of the winery and supplement their revenues.

Alcohol sales, in many ways, have continued to evolve as a unique source of tourism revenue across the United States and around the world. From wine tours in Napa, California to scotch whisky tastings in Edinburgh, Scotland consumers are seeking different tastes as a part of their travels. Alcohol producers range from small first-generation entrepreneurs to wineries that have carried a family name for decades. The size of operation can also vary considerably from small wineries that produce very small batches to huge corporations, like Constellation Brands, that control and sell multiple brands of wine, beer and liquor from producers around the world. Constellation Brands – www.cbrands.com

Wine and wineries have attracted consumer dollars and consumer interest for hundreds of years. Consumers not only purchase wine to taste, but many also purchase wine to collect and even use as an investment. With respect to tourism, wineries are uniquely positioned to provide a special consumer experience. Wineries are often on beautiful, well-manicured farms with elaborate tasting rooms and event venues. Growers, as a part of their story or sales pitch, will review the local terroir. The “terroir” is the blend of culture, climate, soil and terrain factors that allow for the unique growing conditions of one or more grape varieties, from which the wine is made. [16]

Because of the dependency on climate, the industry is constantly evolving due to climate change. New varietals are introduced in areas where they could not grow even 50 years ago. An interesting example is the recent popularity of the “British Sparkler”. Across the English Channel, French wine and champagne brands are well-known. However, in recent years, British wine growers have been able to create exceptional sparkling wines from similar chalky soil and the same Chardonnay varietal. [17]

Cideries and Industry Legislation

The Craft Beverage Modernization and Reform Act of 2015 (CBMA) was a huge shot in the arm for entrepreneurs in the beverage industry. Overall, this act loosened the alcohol control laws permitting growers, brewers and distillers to distribute product easier. [18] , [19] A portion of this act was referred to as the “Cider Act” as it enabled farmers to open Cider tasting rooms and more easily distribute canned and bottled product. [20] Multiple states like Connecticut followed suit in easing state alcohol tax and control laws. [21] Cider was the fastest growing segment of the beverage industry between 2013-2014, with a growth rate of over 75%, stealing market share from wine and beer. [22] Another version of the CBMA was passed in 2019 further extending consumer access to cider.

Local Craft Beer

In most parts of the world the offering of a cold beer goes hand in hand with hospitality. While a few global corporations do control large portions of world-wide distribution, in the United States there has been a steady growth in American Craft beer, in recent decades. The combination of the growing popularity of home brewing clubs in the 1970’s and 1980’s, combined with the use of the internet to share and promote brews in the 1990’s and then the easing of alcohol distribution laws has created the craft brewing category. Total breweries in the United States including Regional Craft, Microbreweries, Taprooms, Brewpubs and large commercial breweries have grown from 4847 in 2015 to 8884 in 2020, according to the Brewers Association www.brewersassocaition.org. These brewery categories vary mainly based on size of production and the percent of beverage sales vs. onsite food sales. [23]

Craft beer makers typically pick from three very different growth strategies. The first strategy is more personal and closer to the rebel mentality of many craft beer makers. These brewers strive to leverage local resources and develop new local traditions to promote their products. Many of these brewers self-distribute their product, if it is sold outside of the brewery tasting rooms. Nearly every mid-size city in the country has an example this localized strategy. Big Lick Brewing in Roanoke, VA is an ideal example of this approach.

The second strategy is the “grow and sell” plan. A successful local brewer may fall into this plan, with a little luck, or it may be a strategy from the start to help support large scale growth. In this strategy the success of the brewer grows from a local market to a regional market. Their beer is distributed by one or more distributors who is aligned with a large national brewer. The national brewer takes note of the regional brewer growth and rather than compete directly, they purchase the regional brewer; they buy their competitor. For the smaller brewer this deal is often significant and it represents an ideal retirement strategy. The acquisition of Devils Back Bone by Anheuser Busch/Inbev is a good example. [24]

The third strategy is rarer. In this case the local brewer has more access to resources and is able to grow the brand on a large scale, moving from local to regional to a national brand, on their own. To help propel the growth of this brand it must be exceptional. To distribute the beer outside of the local market this brewer will develop multiple relationships with distributors to help support strategic growth, as market share and production grow. Sierra Nevada out of Chico, CA is one of the few such beer brands that has been able to thread this needle.

Distilleries and Mixology

Like wine and beer, distilled spirits often are a reflection of the local culture and geography. In the United States as of August 2021 there were 2290 craft sprit producers with about a third of those focused on whisky production. [25] Consumer brand preferences run strong in many categories and liquor is no exception. Craft distillers strive to create powerful branding, to not just sell the next drink, but to create customers for life. These branding programs share the brands history, geography, chemistry and culture with customers as part of an educational tasting experience. The Makers Mark Ambassador program and its sprawling distillery operation, with multiple tasting rooms, is a perfect example.

In the last few years, tequila has been the spirits category with the best growth. In 2020 it was North America’s fastest growing alcoholic beverage category with 5.7 billion dollars in annual sales. [26] Celebrity endorsements along with changing consumer demographics has helped fuel the growth in this category. According to US Census Reports, Hispanic and Latino demographic growth was 23% between the 2010 and 2020 census. [27] This change in consumer demographics certainly modified the overall market composition and created new opportunities for some distillers.

The evolving industry

The COVID pandemic has let the “genie out of the bottle” in more ways than one. Restaurant owners appealed to lawmakers for some flexibility in providing alcohol to customers, in the name of saving industry jobs, and in 2019 another revision of a Craft Beverage Modernization Act 2019 was passed. [28] Many states took alcohol control laws a step further, in favor of retailer and bar owners, and permitted cocktails to go as a new legal revenue stream for business owners. Multiple states have since made the changes permanent, while some continue to have the laws on the books, as a temporary relief strategy, during the pandemic. [29]

Institutional Food Service

Institutional f ood s ervice is large scale and often connected to governmental (National Parks) or corporate level organizations. Often run under a predetermined contract, the institutional F&B sector includes:

• Educational institutions
• Prisons and other detention facilities
• Corporate staff cafeterias
• National Park restaurants and concessions
• Cruise ships
• Airports and other transportation terminals and operations

Examples of companies who focus on Institutional Food Service are Compass, Sodexho, Aramark.

Accommodation Food Service

This sector includes hotel restaurants and bars, room service, and self-serve dining operations (such as a breakfast room).  Hotel restaurants are usually open to the public and reliant on this public patronage in addition to business from hotel guests. Collaborations between hotel and restaurant chains have seen reliable pairings such as the combination of Shula’s Steakhouse and Marriott Hotels.

Restaurant Industry Profitability and Cost Control

According to the National Restaurant Association, QSRs have the highest pre-tax profit margin at 6.6 percent, while full-service restaurants have a margin of 6.1 percent. There will be significant variances from these percentages at individual locations, even within the same brand. [30]

Figure 16.16: Restaurant operating expenses as a percent of revenue.

A number of costs influence the profitability of an F&B operation. Some of the key operating expenses (as a percentage of revenue) are detailed in figure 16.16 [31] , above, where food cost and salaries & wages are the two major expenses, each accounting for approximately a third of the total. Other expenses include rental and leasing of venue, utilities, advertising, and depreciation of assets. These percentages represent averages, and will vary greatly by sector and location.

Cost control and containment is essential for all F&B businesses. Demanding particular attention are the labor, food, and beverage costs, also known as the operator’s primary costs. In addition to these big ticket items, there is the cost of reusable operating supplies such as cutlery, glassware, china, and linen in full-service restaurants.

Recreation can be defined as the pursuit of leisure activities during one’s spare time [32] and can include vastly different activities such as golfing, sport fishing, and rock climbing. Defining recreation as it pertains to tourism, however, is more challenging.

Let’s start by exploring some recreation-based terms that are common in the tourism industry. Outdoor recreation can be defined as “outdoor activities that take place in a natural setting, as opposed to a highly cultivated or managed landscape such as a playing field or golf course.” [33]   This term is typically applied to outdoor activities in which individuals engage close to their community. When these activities are further away, and people must travel some distance to participate in them, they are often described as “adventure tourism”. According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), adventure tourism is “a trip that includes at least two of the following three elements: physical activity, natural environment, and cultural immersion.” [34]

Ultimately, categorization is based on a combination of several factors, including manner of engagement in the activity (risk exposure, experience requirement, group or solo activity), the distance travelled to access the activity, and the type of environment (proximity to nature, level of challenge involved) in which the activity occurs.

According to the 2021 Global Adventure Tourism Market Report, the global adventure travel market is expecting an elevation of $2.02 billion (in U.S. dollars) by 2030 and is witnessing a compound annual growth rate of 10.7 percent from 2020-30. [35]

Entertainment

Entertainment is a very broad category which overlaps with many of the areas discussed elsewhere in this chapter, like hotels and accommodation. Two major types of entertainment that we’ll discuss here are gaming and theme parks.

Gaming has grown significantly in the United States and globally. The number of casinos in the United States has been growing since 2010, as shown in figure 16.18. Casinos are found all over the United States in major cities, riverboats, and on Native American lands. However, US casino revenue has been relatively flat, while global gaming revenues have been on the increase, largely due to Asian market growth. Most casinos involve other facets of the Hospitality industry such as lodging, F&B, golf, entertainment, spas, etc., but they also have the added challenges of casino operations.

Theme Parks

Theme parks have a long history dating back to the 1500’s in Europe, and have evolved ever since. Today, it is hard not to compare any amusement park destination to Disneyland and Disney World. Opened in 1955 in sunny California, Disneyland set the standard for theme parks. Theme parks outside of California and Florida are often highly seasonable operations challenged with significant staffing and training requirements each year.

Convention and Event Management

A convention is a large meeting of people with similar interests who meet for a period of at least a few days to discuss their field. An  event  is a gathering at a given place and time, usually of some importance, often celebrating or commemorating a special occasion.

Both conventions and events can be extremely complex projects, which is why, over time, the role of meeting planners has taken on greater importance. The development of education, training programs, and professional designations such as CMPs (Certified Meeting Planners), CSEP (Certified Special Events Professional), and CMM (Certificate in Meeting Management) has led to increased credibility in this business and demonstrates the importance of the sector to the economy.

Meeting planners may be independent contractors hired to facilitate the planning process, work directly for the company full time to coordinate their meeting, or work for hotels, conference centers and event venues directly.

• The various tasks involved in meeting and event planning include:
• Conceptualizing/theming
• Site inspection & selection
• Logistics and planning
• Human resource management
• Marketing and public relations
• Budgeting and financial management
• Sponsorship procurement
• Management and evaluation

Event Categories

Mega-events.

A m ega-event is a large scale, highly prestigious event such as the Olympic Games, the FIFA World Cup, or a global economic summit. These events typically gain tremendous media coverage and have major economic impacts on the host location, both positive and negative. High levels of tourism (1 million visitors) associated with a mega-event brings revenue, but the revenue may be outweighed by substantial capital and social costs incurred by the host. The events are often awarded to host destinations through a bidding process and gain tremendous media coverage.

Special Events

A special event is a one-time or infrequent specific ritual, presentation, performance, or celebration. Special events are planned and created to mark a special occasion, such as a presidential inauguration or the Queen of England’s 90 th birthday. Like mega-events, there may be significant media coverage and economic impact for the host city or destination.

Hallmark Events

A hallmark event is a unique event that is often identified with the location where it is held, like Carnival in Rio de Janeiro or Oktoberfest in Munich. Hallmark events contribute significant economic benefits and even can create a competitive advantage for the host city or destination that attracts tourists.

A festival is a themed public celebration that conveys, through a kaleidoscope of activities, certain meaning to participants and spectators. Festivals are often celebrations of community or culture and feature music, dance, or dramatic performances. Examples include Lollapalooza, the Cannes Film Festival, and Junkanoo in the Bahamas.

Local Community Events

A local community event is generated by and for locals; although it may attract tourists, its main audience is the local community. The community may experience measurable economic impacts, as might happen at The Steppin’ Out Street Fair in Blacksburg (think hotel stays and eating out). Fundraisers and community picnics are also examples in this category.

Meetings and Conventions

The tourism industry also has a long history of creating, hosting, and promoting meetings and conventions that draw business travelers. In fact, Convention and Visitor Bureau’s (CVB’s) work hard to attract these meetings and conventions to their city to drive economic benefit for hotels, restaurants, entertainment venues, etc.

There are several types of such events

Conventions  generally have very large attendance, and are held on a regular schedule but in different locations. They also often require a bidding process.  Political conventions are one such example.

Association M eetings or C onferences are held regionally and nationally for hundreds of associations or events focused on specific themes. Examples would be the National Restaurant Association Annual Convention, ComicCon, or the National Auto Show.

Corporate M eetings will vary significantly in size and purpose and include regional or national sales meetings, shareholder meetings, training sessions, or celebrations. The location will vary depending on the nature of the meeting. They may be held at an airport property, a traditional corporate meeting facility or even an upscale resort.

Trade S hows and T rade F airs  can be stand-alone events, or adjoin a convention or conference.

S eminars , W orkshops , and R etreats are examples of smaller-scale events.

As meeting planners have become more creative, meeting and convention delegates have been more demanding about meeting sites. No longer are hotel meeting rooms and convention centers the only type of location used; non-traditional venues have adapted and become competitive in offering services for meeting planners. These include architectural spaces such as airplane hangars, warehouses, or rooftops and experiential venues such as aquariums, museums, and galleries. [36]

Transportation and travel services are another large element of the tourism industry. This area includes cruise ships, airlines, rail, car rentals, and even ride sharing such as Uber and Lyft. Each of these segments is impacted significantly by fuel costs, safety issues, load factors and government regulation.

If you’ve ever been on a cruise, you are in good company. According to CLIA (Cruise Lines International Association), 23 million passengers were expected to go on a cruise worldwide on 62 member lines in 2015. [37] The industry employs over 900,000 people. [38]

Over 55 percent of the world’s cruise passengers are from North America, and the leading destinations (based on ship deployments), according to CLIA are: [39]

• The Caribbean (36 percent)
• The Mediterranean (20 percent)
• Northern Europe (11 percent)
• Australia/New Zealand (6 percent)
• Alaska (6 percent)
• Asia (5 percent)
• South America (3 percent)

The t ravel services sector is made up of a complex web of relationships between a variety of suppliers, tourism products, destination marketing organizations, tour operators, and travel agents, among many others. Under the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), the travel services industry group includes “establishments primarily engaged in travel arrangement and reservation services. Examples … are tourist and travel agencies; travel tour operators and wholesale operators; convention and visitors’ bureaus; airline, bus, railroad and steamship ticket offices; sports and theatrical ticket offices; and airline, hotel and restaurant reservation offices.” [40] Tourism services support industry development and the delivery of guest experiences.

Travel Agencies

A travel agency is a business that operates as the intermediary between the travel industry (supplier) and the traveler (purchaser). Part of the role of the travel agency is to market prepackaged travel tours and holidays to potential travelers. The agency can further function as a broker between the traveler and hotels, car rentals, and tour companies. [41] Travel agencies can be small and privately owned or part of a larger entity.

Online Travel Agencies (OTAs)

Online travel agents (OTAs) are companies that aggregate accommodations and transportation options and allow users to choose one or many components of their trip based on price or other incentives. Examples of OTAs include Booking.com, Expedia.com, Hotwire.com, and Kayak.com. OTAs are gaining popularity with the travelling public. Revenue of leading online travel agencies (OTAs) worldwide rose in 2021 over the previous year, after dropping sharply in 2020 due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the substantial increase, however, the figures did not catch up yet with pre-pandemic levels. Overall, Booking was the OTA recording the highest revenue in 2021, generating nearly 11 billion U.S. dollars. Expedia placed second on the ranking, with roughly 8.6 billion U.S. dollars that year. [42]

Tour Operators

A tour operator packages all or most of the components of an offered trip and then sells them to the traveler. These packages can also be sold through retail outlets or travel agencies. [43] Tour operators work closely with hotels, transportation providers, and attractions in order to purchase large volumes of each component and package these at a better rate than the traveler could by purchasing individually.

Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs)

Destination marketing organizations (DMOs) include national tourism boards, state/provincial tourism offices, and community convention and visitor bureaus around the world. DMOs promote “the long-term development and marketing of a destination, focusing on convention sales, tourism marketing and service” [44] .

Country Clubs

Country c lubs are another part of the Hospitality industry with a very different service strategy focusing on serving members who will develop relationships with the staff compared to a more transactional service interaction in lodging, restaurants or airlines.

Country clubs do not focus as strongly on profit as they do on maximizing member satisfaction, retention and growth while maintaining an attractive fee structure. Country (or city) clubs, will typically have restaurant and bar operations, catered events and other amenities such as golf, tennis, pool, fitness facilities, etc. Depending on the type of club, family and youth events are important to maintain and grow membership.

Strong customer service, culinary, event management and general management skills are necessary to be successful in clubs.

Chapter Video

As in any other fast-moving industry, the landscape in Hospitality and Tourism is always changing. This video explores 10 of the more important current trends impacting the industry.

Key Takeaways

• The Tourism industry is the largest industry in the world with significant benefit and costs to a region. The global competition for the tourism dollar is significant within the US and between countries.
• Hotels vary significantly in size, quality, purpose, chain affiliation, and ownership. The complexity of the operation and leadership vary as well.
• Food and Beverage is made up of a wide variety of restaurant types from QSR, Fast Casual, Fine Dining and Ethnic. Institutional food service in business , hospitals, education, parks and concessions are a significant part of the Food and Beverage industry.
• The evolution of tastes and consumer expectations in food and beverage continue to provide opportunity and challenges in the industry for ethnic sustainable, organic, local, craft, and other unique experiences.

Portions of this chapter were adapted from Westcott, Morgan (Ed)  Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality in BC.   CC BY 4.0.   https://opentextbc.ca/introtourism . Available for free at: http://open.bccampus.ca.

Figure 16.1: Tourists gather at the Eiffel Tower. Siebe Warmoeskerken. 2018. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/mxNrtFzOd-I .

Figure 16.2: The impact of global tourism before and after the pandemic. Kindred Grey. 2022. CC BY 4.0 . Data from https://wttc.org/Portals/0/Documents/Reports/2021/Global%20Economic%20Impact%20and%20Trends%202021.pdf [international spending, GDP, and jobs]; https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.GSR.TRVL.ZS [global service exports]. https://archive.org/details/16.2_20220627 .

Figure 16.3: The Pineapple Hotel in Liverpool. Rodhullandemu. 2012. CC BY-SA 3.0 . https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pineapple,_Park_Road,_Liverpool.jpg .

Figure 16.6: Example of a hotel market segmentation by STR’s Chain Scale. Kindred Grey. 2022. CC BY 4.0 . https://archive.org/details/16.6_20220627 .

Figure 16.7: The San Diego Marriott. Christina Hsu. 2009. CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 . https://flic.kr/p/6KZ5Cv .

Figure 16.8: The Inn at Virginia Tech, managed by Benchmark Hospitality. Anastasia Cortes. 2016. Public domain. Provided by Steve Skripak.

Figure 16.9: Fine dining. Delightin Dee. 2021. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/_WI3DGseB3g .

Figure 16.10: Subway is a quick-service restaurant. Szymon12455. 2018. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/-jv94-xYy-E .

Figure 16.11: Panera is a fast-casual restaurant. Mike Mozart. 2014. CC BY 2.0 . https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Panera_Bread_(13883443466).jpg .

Figure 16.12: A fine-dining restaurant in the Netherlands. Ronan Kruithof. 2019. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/PCE0T5i4pDI .

Figure 16.13: Afton Mountain Vineyards, VA. Kevin Oliver. 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 . https://flic.kr/p/V9h6v5 .

Figure 16.14: Beer being brewed in steam-fired kettles in a Brazillian brewery. Roberta keiko Kitahara Santana. 2019. Unsplash license. https://unsplash.com/photos/RfL3l-I1zhc .

Figure 16.15: Restaurant industry career path. Kindred Grey. 2022. CC BY 4.0 . https://archive.org/details/16.15_202206 .

Figure 16.16: Restaurant operating expenses as a percent of revenue. Adapted from National Restaurant Association (2016). Restaurant Operations Report 2016 Edition. Washington, D.C.

Figure 16.17: Adventure tourism: whitewater rafting in Argentina. Jonatan Lewczuk. 2018. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/hN7jhC_YWk0 .

Figure 16.18: U.S. and global casino revenues (2005-2019). (2005-2015) Data Retrieved from:  https://gaming.unlv.edu/reports/national_annual_revenues.pdf ; 2016 data retrieved from: https://web.archive.org/web/20170301070205/http://gaming.unlv.edu/reports/national_monthly.pdf ; 2017 data retrieved from: https://www.americangaming.org/resources/state-of-the-states-2018-the-aga-survey-of-the-commercial-casino-industry/ ; 2018 data retrieved from: https://web.archive.org/web/20190201140714/https://gaming.unlv.edu/reports/national_monthly.pdf ; 2019 data retrieved from: https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/us-commercial-casinos-won-436-billion-2019-37-71069042; Global revenue data retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/271577/global-casino-gaming-market-revenue/ ; Number of commercial casinos data retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/187972/number-of-us-commercial-casinos-since-2005/ .

Figure 16.19: Disney is one of the most well-known theme parks. Bastien Nvs. 2020. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/g3CR0UJ1CyM .

Figure 16.20: The Bejing olympics is an example of a mega-event. zhang kaiyv. 2021. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/VAnriQouDIw .

Figure 16.21: Mardi Gras in New Orleans, 2018. Cayetano Gil. 2018. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/T0tb5Olqkis .

Figure 16.22: Cruise ship near St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Peter Hansen. 2017. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/MeGmdPNe36w .

Figure 16.23: The Old Course at Half Moon Bay, CA. Cristina Glebova. 2022. Unsplash license . https://unsplash.com/photos/ihZwGiVMUCY .

• World Tourism Organization UNWTO (2015). “Why Tourism?” Retrieved from: http://www2.unwto.org/content/why-tourism ↵
• United Nations Statistics Division (2010, December). “Tourism as an Internationally Traded Service and Beyond.” Newsletter of the Interagency Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services. No. 6. p. 1. Retrieved from: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradeserv/tfsits/newsletter/TFSITS_newsletter_6.pdf ↵
• World Tourism Organization UNWTO (2015). “Exports from International Tourism Rise 4% in 2015.” Retrieved from: http://media.unwto.org/press-release/2016-05-03/exports-international-tourism-rise-4-2015 ↵
• Association of Bhutanese Tour Operators (2010). “UNWTO Tourism Vision 2020 Forecast Released.” Retrieved from: http://www.abto.org.bt/2010/06/unwto-tourism-2020-vision-forecast-released/ ↵
• United Nations Environment Programme (2016). “Negative Socio-Cultural Impacts from Tourism.” Retrieved from: http://www.unep.org/resourceefficiency/Business/SectoralActivities/Tourism/FactsandFiguresaboutTourism/ImpactsofTourism/Socio-CulturalImpacts/NegativeSocio-CulturalImpactsFromTourism/tabid/78781/Default.aspx ↵
• United Nations Environment Programme (2016). “Tourism’s Three Main Impact Areas.” Retrieved from: http://www.unep.org/resourceefficiency/Business/SectoralActivities/Tourism/TheTourismandEnvironmentProgramme/FactsandFiguresaboutTourism/ImpactsofTourism/EnvironmentalImpacts/TourismsThreeMainImpactAreas/tabid/78776/Default.aspx ↵
• Discover Hospitality (2015). “What is Hospitality?” Retrieved from: https://web.archive.org/web/20150814071021/http://discoverhospitality.com.au/what-is-hospitality ↵
• L. P. Coyle (1982). “Pineapple” in World Encyclopedia of Food . New York: Facts on File. p. 517. ↵
•   C. Crandell, K. Dickinson, and G. I. Kanter (2004). "Negotiating the hotel management contract" In Hotel Asset Management: Principles & Practices . East Lansing, MI: University of Denver and American Hotel & Lodging Educational Institute. ↵
• S. Rushmore (2005). “What Does a Hotel Franchise Cost?” Canadian Lodging Outlook. Retrieved from: www.hotel-online.com/News/PR2005_4th/Oct05_FranchiseCost.html ↵
• Ibid.; N. Migdal (n.d.). “Franchise Agreements vs. Management Agreements: Which One Do I Choose?” Hotel Business Review. Retrieved from: hotelexecutive.com/business_review/2101/test-franchise-agreements-vs-management-agreements-which-one-do-i-choose ↵
• Stephen Rushmore Jr., Erin S. Bagley (2014). “2014 United States Hotel Franchise Fee Guide.” HVS. Retrieved from: http://www.hvs.com/article/7097/2014-united-states-hotel-franchise-fee-guide/ ↵
• H. G. Parsa, K. R. Lord, S. Putrevu, and J. Kreeger (2015). “Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility in Services; Will Consumers Pay for It?” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. Vol. 22. pp. 250-260. ↵
• A. H. Mak, M. Lumbers, A. Eves, and R. C. Change (2012). “Factors Influencing Tourist Food Consumption.” International Journal of Hospitality Management. Vol. 31. No. 3. pp. 928-936. ↵
• Virginia is for Wine Lovers. (n.d.) Virginia is for Lovers. Retrieved from:  https://www.virginia.org/things-to-do/food-and-drink/wineries ↵
• Kathleen Willcox, July 6, 2017, “Climate change is putting English Sparkling Wine on the Map” Retrieved from https://www.vinepair.com/articles ↵
• Craft Beverage Modernization and Tax Reform Act of 2015, S. 1562, 114th Cong. (2015). Retrieved from: https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/1562/text ↵
• Wyden, Ron (2015). One Pager Craft Beverage Modernization and Tax Reform Act of 2015. Retrieved from: https://www.wyden.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/One%20Pager.pdf ↵
• CIDER Act, H. R. 600, 114th Cong. (2015). Retrieved from: https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/600/text ↵
• Pazniokas, Mark and Moore, Maya. (2019) CT Legislature Passes Law to Help Beer, Cider Makers, Hartford Business Journal. Retrieved from: https://www.hartfordbusiness.com/article/ct-legislature-passes-law-to-help-beer-cider-makers ↵
• Jaken Emen, “What the Country’s New Cider Act Means for You” Retrieved from: https://www.eater.com/2016/1/28/10854324/new-us-cider-act ↵
• Brewers Association (n.d.), For Small & Independent Craft Brewers, Brewers Association. Retrieved from: https://www.brewersassociation.org ↵
• Hudson Lindenberger, June 16, 2021 , “Alcohol Consumption In the US Saw Its Most Significant Volume Gain in Almost Two Decades” Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/hudsonlindenberger/2021/06/16/alcohol-consumption-in-the-united-states-saw-its-most-significant-volume-gain-in-almost-two-decades-in-2020/?sh=5b55ed8b724d ↵
• Maisey, Jeff (2016, May 19). Devil of a Deal, Virginia Craft Beer. Retrieved from: https://virginiacraftbeer.com/devil-of-a-deal ↵
• Maker’s Mark Ambassador Program (n.d.) Maker’s Mark Ambassador Experience. Retrieved from: https://www.makersmark.com/ambassadors ↵
• Fortune Business Insights (n.d.). Tequila Market Share, Size & COVID-19 Impact Analysis. Report ID: FBI104172. Retrieved from: https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/tequila-market-104172 ↵
• U.S. Census Bureau, (2021, August 12). 2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country. Retrieved from: https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/08/improved-race-ethnicity-measures-reveal-united-states-population-much-more-multiracial.html ↵
• Pete Johnson, P. (2020, November 17). Craft Beverage Modernization and tax reform act. Brewers Association. Retrieved from: https://www.brewersassociation.org/current-issues/craft-beverage-modernization-and-tax-reform-act-24 ↵
• Lucas, A. (2021, June 1). To-Go Cocktails Will Stick Around in at Least 20 States After the Pandemic. CNBC. Retrieved from: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/28/to-go-cocktails-will-stick-around-in-at-least-20-states-after-covid.html ↵
• American Restaurant Association and Deloitte Development LLC (2016). 2016 Restaurant Operations Report . Washington, D.C.: National Restaurant Association. p. 5. ↵
• Ibid. ↵
• J. Tribe (2011). The Economics of Recreation, Leisure, and Tourism , 4th ed. Oxford, England: Elsevier. ↵
• Tourism BC (2013). “2009/2010 Outdoor Recreation Study.” Destination British Columbia. Retrieved from: http://www.destinationbc.ca/getattachment/Research/Research-by-Activity/All-Research-by-Activity/Outdoor-Recreation-Study-2009-2010,-January-2013/Outdoor-Recreation-for-Distribution-14Jan13-FINAL-DRAFT-(2).pdf.aspx ↵
• United Nations World Tourism Organization (2014). Global Report on Adventure Tourism . UNWTO and the Adventure Tourism Trade Association. p. 12. Retrieved from: http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/final_1global_report_on_adventure_tourism.pdf ↵
• Publisher. (2021, August 16). Adventure Travel is Trending Upward. Leisure Group Travel. Retrieved from: https://leisuregrouptravel.com/adventure-travel-is-trending-upward/ ↵
• K. Colston (2014, April 24). "Non-Traditional Event Venues – Endless Entertainment." Retrieved from: http://helloendless.com/non-traditional-event-venues/ ↵
• CLIA (2016). CLIA 2015 Annual Report: One Voice: Advancing Our Industry Together . Cruise Lines International Association. p. 10. Retrieved from: http://www.cruising.org/docs/default-source/market-research/clia_2015_annualreport_web.pdf?sfvrsn=0 ↵
• CLIA (2015). CLIA 2015 Cruise Industry Outlook: Cruising to New Horizons and Offering Travelers More . Cruise Lines International Association. p. 28. Retrieved from: http://www.cruising.org/docs/default-source/research/2015-cruise-industry-outlook.pdf ↵
• Government of Canada (2014). “NAICS 2007: 5615 Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services.” Statistics Canada. Retrieved from: http://stds.statcan.gc.ca/naics-scian/2007/cs-rc-eng.asp?criteria=5615 ↵
• C. Goeldner and B. Ritchie (2003). Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies , 9th ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ↵
• Published by Statista Research Department, & 24, M. (2022, May 24). Revenue of Leading OTAs Worldwide 2021. Statista. Retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/934995/revenue-of-leading-otas-worldwide/ ↵
• The Destination Marketing Association International (2014). “The value of DMOs.” Retrieved from: http://www.destinationmarketing.org/value-dmos ↵

Chapter 16 Hospitality and Tourism Copyright © by Adapted by Ron Poff is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Hospitality Management vs Tourism Management

According to The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), hospitality and tourism account for 8% of overall jobs in the world, and they also have the greatest potential for growth as compared to other industries. But what is tourism and hospitality management, are how do these ever-expanding industries differ from each other? Read on to find out!

What is hospitality management?

Hospitality management consists of implementing comprehensive management practices and models to the domain of lodging, food and other businesses related to hospitality. Due to the fact it is a service industry, people working in this sector should be equipped with specific attributes such as being helpful, polite, friendly and welcoming to the customers. These qualities help in retaining existing customers and attracting new ones. Hospitality management consists of certain key characteristics such as:

• Combining product and service: The hospitality industry is a combination of products and services. For example, if you are eating in a hotel, you are not only paying for the food and drinks, but also for the service that is being provided to you by the staff.
• Reciprocal communication: To be successful in the hospitality industry, communication between the customers and staff is crucial. Communicating with customers can help staff understand their requirements and anticipations, which contributes to ultimate customer satisfaction. Relations between staff of the same or different departments is also important, as it means everyone is aware of the customers’ requirements.
• Establishing relationships: Forming relationships with customers is a key feature of hospitality management as it helps in providing stable returns to the organisation, irrespective of the season. In addition, it helps increase brand-reputation through positive word-of-mouth.

What is tourism management?

Tourism management refers to handling and supervising activities related to the tourism industry. It is a multifaceted industry that provides people with the training, skills and expertise necessary to obtain management positions in tourism and accommodation. Tourism management is a combination of three aspects:

• Business administration processes such as marketing, finance and human resources;
• Management principles and concepts;
• Topics related to tourism including tourism organisations, environmental aspects and motivation to travel.

Tourism management also consists of three business-related components:

• Accommodation: Living arrangements in the form of hotels, resorts, cabins, camping areas, homestays and so on;
• Accessibility: Transportation and travel arrangements like aeroplanes, cars, trains, public transit, buses and cruises;
• Attractions: Tourist attractions such as historical sites, natural resources or theme parks.

Career opportunities in hospitality and tourism management:

• Holiday Representative: Holiday representatives are responsible for taking care of clients who come to resorts or hotels on holiday packages. Their main priority is ensuring that everything goes smoothly to guarantee that clients enjoy their stay. Representatives are required to welcome clients and solve any issues that they face during the trip.
• Interacting with clients to understand their requirements;
• Preparing comprehensive proposals for events;
• Liaise with contractors and suppliers for the event;
• Manage staff and inform them about their responsibilities;
• Organise any facilities that customers may require;
• Carry out a post-event evaluation which will help in future events.
• Hotel Manager: Hotel managers are responsible for handling the day-to-day management of a hotel and its staff. They are accountable for the financial management and budgeting of the hotel, as well as informing various hotel departments, such as housekeeping and reservations, about their roles and responsibilities.

If you enjoy interacting with people, as well thinking on your feet and solving critical issues, you should consider a career in either hospitality management or tourism management. To help you in your first steps towards these exciting industries, St Patrick’s offers a degree in  Hospitality Management .

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What is the Difference Between a Hospitality and a Tourism Degree?

Students interested in the hospitality industry often want to know more about the difference between a hospitality and tourism degree. The tourism industry is a fast growing industry that focuses on the satisfaction and happiness of guests and customers. Many people can only afford to take a single vacation every year, and experts working in their field want them to feel happy about their experiences. The biggest difference between the two programs is your future career outlook.

What is the Difference Between a Hospitality and Tourism Degree?

Those working in the hospitality industry work as hotel clerks, restaurant managers, bar managers, cruise ship representatives and dozens of other positions. While some people find that hard work can help them get ahead, others want a higher level position right out of school. Before you decide on a college degree program, think about the difference between a hospitality and tourism degree. The main difference refers to where those individuals work. With a tourism degree, you can work at a state or national park, in a museum or a private tour companies. Those with a hospitality degree typically work in hotels, motels and resorts.

What is a Hospitality Degree?

A hospitality degree is a degree that prepares you for working in customer service and travel industries. Students take courses on food sanitation, food preparation, hotel management, ordering and human resources. Upon graduation, you will know how to take stock of inventories, schedule employees working underneath you and follow a strict budget. Many graduates work in industries that involve a high level of customer service, including as a manger of a five star resort or as a manager of a conference center. Many degree programs require that students work part-time at a local hotel or do an internship with a college or restaurant owned by the school.

What is a Tourism Degree?

Tourism is a specific type of industry relating to travel. These degree programs look at how to make clients and customers feel more comfortable and satisfied while traveling. Many graduates work as representatives for major travel companies, but other graduates work as travel agents and tour guides. When looking for a new school, make sure that the program uses the latest software and programs used by guides and travel agents. You also want to pick a program that lets you do an internship. Some programs even send students to work for Disney and other major companies.

Careers Available

According to the  Bureau of Labor Statistics , lodging managers make a median of nearly $47,000 a year. The BLS also reports that the job outlook for lodging managers is on par with other similar industries. By 2022, this field will see an addition of around 700 new jobs. At the same time that the number of management positions will increase, so too will other hospitality and tourism jobs. Though travel agent jobs are on the decrease, positions as tour guides and museum workers will increase.

If you enjoy working with others, putting smiles on the faces of guests and leading groups, working in the tourism and hospitality fields might be a good fit for you. Make sure that you look at the difference between a hospitality and tourism degree and your future career goals and plans before you decide which degree program is right for you.

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Difference Between Online Booking and Travel Agency

Table of Contents

Understanding the difference between online booking and travel agency services is crucial for hotel owners and managers looking to optimize their revenue streams. As the hospitality landscape evolves, knowing how to navigate these channels can significantly impact your occupancy rates and overall profitability.

Online Booking vs. Travel Agency: The Basics

Online Booking refers to the process where travelers directly reserve accommodations through websites or mobile apps, often referred to as Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) like Booking.com, Expedia, or Airbnb. These platforms provide a self-service model that allows guests to compare prices, read reviews, and book rooms at their convenience.

In contrast, a Travel Agency typically involves a human element where agents assist clients in planning their trips. They can offer personalized recommendations, handle complex itineraries, and provide support during travel disruptions. However, many travelers are shifting towards booking online travel agency options due to the convenience and accessibility they offer.

Key Differences

Control and flexibility.

Booking Online: Guests have complete control over their reservations. They can modify their bookings anytime without needing to consult an agent.

Travel Agency: While agents can manage bookings for clients, they often operate within set hours and may require more time for changes.

Personalization vs. Convenience

Travel Agency: Agents can tailor experiences based on individual preferences and provide exclusive deals that might not be available online.

Online Booking: Offers a vast array of choices but lacks the personalized touch that a human agent provides. However, it allows for quick comparisons across multiple options.

Cost Implications

Travel Agency: Often charges service fees or commissions but may secure better deals through partnerships with suppliers.

Booking Online: Typically presents lower upfront costs but may include hidden fees during the checkout process.

Customer Support

Travel Agency: Provides dedicated support throughout the booking process and during travel, which can be invaluable in emergencies.

Online Booking: Customer support varies by platform; while some OTAs offer 24/7 assistance, others may not provide immediate help.

Travel Agency vs Online Booking: Which is Better?

The choice between using a travel agency or booking online ultimately depends on your target market and their preferences:

For travelers seeking convenience and flexibility, especially millennials who prefer self-service options, online booking is likely the preferred method.

Conversely, if you cater to clients looking for personalized service—such as luxury travelers or those planning complex itineraries—a travel agency may be more beneficial.

OTAs vs Direct Bookings

When comparing OTAs (Online Travel Agencies) and direct bookings, hotel owners should consider the unique benefits and challenges of each. OTAs like Booking.com and Expedia provide significant exposure to a wide audience, allowing travelers to easily discover and compare hotels. However, they charge hefty commissions, typically ranging from 15% to 30%, which can impact profit margins.

In contrast, direct bookings—made through a hotel’s website or via phone—eliminate these intermediary fees, allowing hotels to retain more revenue. They also foster personal connections with guests, enabling better communication and tailored service. Additionally, direct bookings provide valuable customer data for targeted marketing and loyalty programs. While OTAs are vital for broad visibility, focusing on increasing direct bookings is essential for maximizing revenue and building long-term guest loyalty. Balancing both channels effectively is key to successful hotel management.

For hotel owners and managers, understanding the travel agency vs online booking dynamic is vital for maximizing occupancy and revenue. By leveraging both channels effectively—encouraging direct bookings while maintaining relationships with OTAs—you can enhance your hotel's visibility and appeal to a broader audience.

In summary, consider your guests' preferences when deciding how to market your property. Whether through an OTA or direct booking channels, providing excellent service remains paramount in ensuring guest satisfaction and loyalty.

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18 September 2024 Media Release: Garden Route Skills Mecca National Skills Fund Launch – a focus on Hospitality and Tourism

Media Release: Garden Route Skills Mecca National Skills Fund Launch – a focus on Hospitality and Tourism

18 September 2024

Today, 18 September 2024, the Garden Route District Municipality (GRDM) witnessed a historic moment with the official launch of the National Skills Fund Hospitality and Tourism Project for the Garden Route. This training project is coordinated by the Garden Route Skills Mecca (GRSM) – the first and only Skills Mecca at a municipality in South Africa.

The primary goal of the Skills Mecca is to create jobs and improve livelihoods across the district by offering work-based learning opportunities for unemployed individuals, helping them develop the skills needed to secure meaningful employment. In doing so, the programme also strengthens the local economy.

Attendees at the launch event  included the Principal, her team and learners from Carpe Diem school, representatives from the National Skills Fund, CEOs of Sector Education and Training Authority and members of the business and tourism community, learners, councillors, officials, and other key stakeholders involved in the district’s skills development efforts.

Elzeth Grobler, Principal of Carpe Diem School, welcomed the guest to ‘the best special needs school in the district’. She provided a brief overview of the school and said: “We are a unique school with all disabilities except blind students. We do not just educate, but we strive to prepare each learner to reach their full potential”.

During his speech, GRDM Executive Mayor, Cllr Andrew Stroebel, highlighted the significance of the three Skills Summits previously held by the GRDM. At these summits, stakeholders unanimously supported the initiatives of the GRSM, leading to the development and endorsement of ten strategic resolutions that now guide the Skills Mecca’s objectives.

Cllr Stroebel emphasised that the National Skills Fund Tourism and Hospitality Project directly aligns with one of these key resolutions, which focuses on linking skills development to investment and economic development opportunities. This connection, he noted, is vital for advancing the well-being and prosperity of all communities within the Garden Route District.

Mayor Stroebel further highlighted the broader success of the GRSM beyond the current project. He mentioned other successful initiatives, such as the Home-Based Care Personal Assistants programme, Patrol Officers training, and Renewable Energy Workshop Assistants. “Collectively, these projects have created over 54 jobs and directed R8 million into local communities and households, showcasing the tangible impact of skills development in our region,” he stated.

Stroebel also shared an interesting fact from the impact analysis: “For every learner on a Skills Mecca programme, which includes a stipend, there is a benefit for 3.56 persons in that learner’s household. So, every Rand spent has a significant ripple effect on our community.”

Athenkosi Tshayingwe from the Department of Higher Education and Training expressed gratitude for being part of the impactful project. He highlighted that the initiative aims to train, mentor, and develop 400 unemployed residents of the Garden Route District, focusing on youth aged 18 to 35, to enhance their employability in the Tourism and Hospitality sector, with 200 specifically trained as cooks.

Tshayingwe also emphasised his department’s commitment to skills development, noting that the National Skills Fund (NSF) has invested over R5 billion in the Western Cape, benefitting more than 40,000 learners. The NSF has allocated R36.3 million to the GRDM project to equip young people with skills needed by the local industry and address unemployment.

Several beneficiaries of the GRSM program, rolled out in previous financial years, shared heartfelt testimonies during the event. These individuals, who are still gaining valuable practical experience, expressed their gratitude to the GRDM Skills Mecca for the opportunities provided. Their success stories underscore the program’s significant role in empowering communities and opening doors for personal and professional growth.

Alderman Stephen de Vries, who has a history of serving as the Chairperson of the Training and Development Committee at GRDM, shared his reflections during the event. He expressed pride in the program, stating, “The Skills Mecca is truly fulfilling the vision it set out to achieve.” Highlighting the initiative’s unique origins, he added, “To my knowledge, it is the only program of its kind in the country, born from the aftermath of a fire disaster.”

He concluded his speech by thanking all stakeholders for playing a role in this remarkable initiative. De Vries left the beneficiaries and learners with a powerful message, encouraging them not only to focus on becoming employable, but also to become entrepreneurs.

Ald. Nompumelelo Ndayi, Portfolio Chairperson of GRDM Corporate Services, delivered the vote of thanks at the event, expressing heartfelt gratitude to the Carpe Diem team and learners for their excellent performance and for hosting the event at their facility. She also extended her appreciation to the beneficiaries of the Skills Mecca initiative, who shared their personal learning experiences, inspiring all stakeholders present.

Caption for Featured Image: FLTR: Ald Stephen de Vries (GRDM), Themba Ndhlovu (CATHSSETA), Cllr Andrew Stroebel (GRDM), and Chris Mudau (SASSETA), united at the event, collaborating to foster skills development and community upliftment.

Did you know?

The Skills Mecca has promoted collaboration, cooperation, and integration among all skills development stakeholders within the district, and today’s launch of the National Skills Fund Tourism and Hospitality Project reflects the ongoing commitment to this mission. Learn more about the Garden Route Skills Mecca Initiative here: skillsmecca.gardenroute.gov.za