voyager golden record coin

VOYAGER GOLDEN RECORD

The Golden Record

Launched in 1977, both Voyager spacecraft carry a unique 'time capsule' along with them into interstellar space.

A Kind of Time Capsule

Pioneers 10 and 11, which preceded Voyager, both carried small metal plaques identifying their time and place of origin for the benefit of any other spacefarers that might find them in the distant future. With this example before them, NASA placed a more ambitious message aboard Voyager 1 and 2, a kind of time capsule, intended to communicate a story of our world to extraterrestrials. The Voyager message is carried by a phonograph record, a 12-inch gold-plated copper disk containing sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on Earth.

The Golden Record Cover

The record's protective cover includes with instructions for playing its contents, finding Earth in the cosmos, and dating how long it has been in space.

What's on the Record?

The record features images and a variety of natural sounds, such thunder, birds, musical selections from different cultures and eras, and spoken greetings in 55 languages.

History and Manufacturing

Many people were instrumental in the design, development and manufacturing of the golden record.

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VOYAGER GOLDEN RECORD – THE SOUNDS OF EARTH – 2020 $2 1/2 OZ 50 MM FINE SILVER COIN – COOK ISLANDS

USD  116.64

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Product description.

The Voyager Golden Record are records that contain sounds and images chosen to show the life and culture on Earth. These records which were sent in the Voyager spacecraft in 1977, are for alien life forms to see. The Voyager Golden Records are two phonograph records that were included aboard both Voyager spacecraft launched in 1977. The records contain sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on Earth for extra terrestrials in a sort of time capsule intended to communicate to extra terrestrials a story of Our World.It’s like a present from a small, distant world, a token of earth sounds,science, images, music, thoughts and feelings. Humans are attempting to survive time so they may live forever

KEY FEATURES

• Perfect gift for space enthusiasts
• •Rimless silver coin fully gilded
• •Grooves on record in light relief
• •Overcome time’s barriers
• •Cook Islands legal tender
• •Mintage 500 pcs only

SPECIFICATIONS

Mintage: 500 Material: 99.99% fine silver Finish: Proof Weight: 1/2 oz Diameter: 50 mm

Along with the coin, it would be nice to receive a case similar to the case that comes with the UFO coins from the mint.

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Answered all my questions, very knowledgeable

Coin was exactly as shown. The pick up is different, not being able to shop inside the location was disappointing. Felt more like a Covid transaction. Ring the bell and someone opens the door then closes it then opens it with your prepaid for purchase.

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The Voyager Gold Records

Gold is an important component in aerospace equipment and projects. Yet, it has also gone up into space for an entirely different purpose. In 1977, the world was abuzz with the Voyager Golden Records that were launched into space.

Aboard each Voyager spacecraft is a golden 12-inch record meant to educate any space-faring life form that may find it about the human race and the planet Earth. On the record are:

•    115 images depicting humanity, animals, mathematical concepts, anatomy, and more. •    A variety of natural sounds. •    Several musical selections from different eras and cultures. •    Spoken greetings in 55 different languages.

The records themselves are made of gold-plated copper and encased in an aluminum cover. The cover is also electroplated with an ultra-pure sample of the isotope uranium-238. This isotope has an extremely long half-life (4.51 billion years) which makes the record easy to date. Whoever (or whatever) finds the records just needs to measure the remaining uranium to determine the age of the record.

Of course, the records’ packaging includes pictorial instructions for playing and deciphering. Both records have already passed Pluto and are out of our solar system. It will be about 40,000 years before they pass any new stars. Because gold never corrodes, the records should still be in mint condition by that time.

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2020 $2 Voyager Golden Record The Sounds of Earth Silver Coin

$ 249.00 Original price was: $249.00. $ 199.00 Current price is: $199.00.

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2020 $2 Voyager Golden Record Silver Coin: A Tribute to Earth’s Sounds

Delve into the vastness of space with the stunning 2020 $2 Voyager Golden Record The Sounds of Earth Silver Coin . A tribute to the iconic Golden Records aboard the Voyager spacecrafts of 1977, this coin captures the essence of Earth’s diverse life and culture.

The Essence of Earth in a Coin

This coin pays homage to the unique phonograph records that journey through interstellar space aboard the Voyager spacecrafts. These records, envisioned by the legendary Carl Sagan, house sounds and images that encapsulate Earth’s vibrant life and rich culture. From natural sounds like bird calls and thunderstorms to exquisite musical selections spanning cultures and eras, the Golden Record is a cosmic message of hope and unity.

Unique Features

• Encased in protective aluminum, akin to the original record. • Detailed symbolic instructions reminiscent of those guiding extraterrestrials on the Voyager’s record playback. • Celebrates both the diversity of Earth and the pioneering spirit of space exploration.

Why Add This to Your Collection?

• High Demand : A sought-after piece among international collectors. • Investment Potential : Recognized for its value in the world of modern low mintage collectible coins. • Perfect Gift : An exquisite gift for loved ones, business associates, or any space and history enthusiast. Dive into the story of Earth’s sounds and the vast cosmos with this beautifully crafted silver coin. Add a piece of history and hope to your collection or gift it to inspire wonder in others.

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NASA Voyager Golden Record Coin

Our first NASA-inspired coin celebrates the Voyager Golden Record, a testament to our curiosity and desire to reach out to the unknown. The Voyager spacecraft carries this golden phonograph record, filled with sounds and images representing the diversity of life on Earth, intended for any extraterrestrial civilization that might encounter it. The front side of the coin portrays the iconic golden record encased in the Voyager spacecraft, while the reverse captures the flight path of its interstellar mission as Voyager 1 and 2 left our solar system. 

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What Is on Voyager’s Golden Record?

From a whale song to a kiss, the time capsule sent into space in 1977 had some interesting contents

Megan Gambino

Senior Editor

“I thought it was a brilliant idea from the beginning,” says Timothy Ferris. Produce a phonograph record containing the sounds and images of humankind and fling it out into the solar system.

By the 1970s, astronomers Carl Sagan and Frank Drake already had some experience with sending messages out into space. They had created two gold-anodized aluminum plaques that were affixed to the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 spacecraft. Linda Salzman Sagan, an artist and Carl’s wife, etched an illustration onto them of a nude man and woman with an indication of the time and location of our civilization.

The “Golden Record” would be an upgrade to Pioneer’s plaques. Mounted on Voyager 1 and Voyager 2, twin probes launched in 1977, the two copies of the record would serve as time capsules and transmit much more information about life on Earth should extraterrestrials find it.

NASA approved the idea. So then it became a question of what should be on the record. What are humanity’s greatest hits? Curating the record’s contents was a gargantuan task, and one that fell to a team including the Sagans, Drake, author Ann Druyan, artist Jon Lomberg and Ferris, an esteemed science writer who was a friend of Sagan’s and a contributing editor to Rolling Stone .

The exercise, says Ferris, involved a considerable number of presuppositions about what aliens want to know about us and how they might interpret our selections. “I found myself increasingly playing the role of extraterrestrial,” recounts Lomberg in Murmurs of Earth , a 1978 book on the making of the record. When considering photographs to include, the panel was careful to try to eliminate those that could be misconstrued. Though war is a reality of human existence, images of it might send an aggressive message when the record was intended as a friendly gesture. The team veered from politics and religion in its efforts to be as inclusive as possible given a limited amount of space.

Over the course of ten months, a solid outline emerged. The Golden Record consists of 115 analog-encoded photographs, greetings in 55 languages, a 12-minute montage of sounds on Earth and 90 minutes of music. As producer of the record, Ferris was involved in each of its sections in some way. But his largest role was in selecting the musical tracks. “There are a thousand worthy pieces of music in the world for every one that is on the record,” says Ferris. I imagine the same could be said for the photographs and snippets of sounds.

The following is a selection of items on the record:

Silhouette of a Male and a Pregnant Female

The team felt it was important to convey information about human anatomy and culled diagrams from the 1978 edition of The World Book Encyclopedia. To explain reproduction, NASA approved a drawing of the human sex organs and images chronicling conception to birth. Photographer Wayne F. Miller’s famous photograph of his son’s birth, featured in Edward Steichen’s 1955 “Family of Man” exhibition, was used to depict childbirth. But as Lomberg notes in Murmurs of Earth , NASA vetoed a nude photograph of “a man and a pregnant woman quite unerotically holding hands.” The Golden Record experts and NASA struck a compromise that was less compromising— silhouettes of the two figures and the fetus positioned within the woman’s womb.

DNA Structure

At the risk of providing extraterrestrials, whose genetic material might well also be stored in DNA, with information they already knew, the experts mapped out DNA’s complex structure in a series of illustrations.

Demonstration of Eating, Licking and Drinking

When producers had trouble locating a specific image in picture libraries maintained by the National Geographic Society, the United Nations, NASA and Sports Illustrated , they composed their own. To show a mouth’s functions, for instance, they staged an odd but informative photograph of a woman licking an ice-cream cone, a man taking a bite out of a sandwich and a man drinking water cascading from a jug.

Olympic Sprinters

Images were selected for the record based not on aesthetics but on the amount of information they conveyed and the clarity with which they did so. It might seem strange, given the constraints on space, that a photograph of Olympic sprinters racing on a track made the cut. But the photograph shows various races of humans, the musculature of the human leg and a form of both competition and entertainment.

Photographs of huts, houses and cityscapes give an overview of the types of buildings seen on Earth. The Taj Mahal was chosen as an example of the more impressive architecture. The majestic mausoleum prevailed over cathedrals, Mayan pyramids and other structures in part because Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan built it in honor of his late wife, Mumtaz Mahal, and not a god.

Golden Gate Bridge

Three-quarters of the record was devoted to music, so visual art was less of a priority. A couple of photographs by the legendary landscape photographer Ansel Adams were selected, however, for the details captured within their frames. One, of the Golden Gate Bridge from nearby Baker Beach, was thought to clearly show how a suspension bridge connected two pieces of land separated by water. The hum of an automobile was included in the record’s sound montage, but the producers were not able to overlay the sounds and images.

A Page from a Book

An excerpt from a book would give extraterrestrials a glimpse of our written language, but deciding on a book and then a single page within that book was a massive task. For inspiration, Lomberg perused rare books, including a first-folio Shakespeare, an elaborate edition of Chaucer from the Renaissance and a centuries-old copy of Euclid’s  Elements  (on geometry), at the Cornell University Library. Ultimately, he took MIT astrophysicist Philip Morrison’s suggestion: a  page  from Sir Isaac Newton’s  System of the World , where the means of launching an object into orbit is described for the very first time.

Greeting from Nick Sagan

To keep with the spirit of the project, says Ferris, the wordings of the 55 greetings were left up to the speakers of the languages. In  Burmese , the message was a simple, “Are you well?” In  Indonesian , it was, “Good night ladies and gentlemen. Goodbye and see you next time.” A woman speaking the Chinese dialect of  Amoy  uttered a welcoming, “Friends of space, how are you all? Have you eaten yet? Come visit us if you have time.” It is interesting to note that the final greeting, in  English , came from then-6-year-old Nick Sagan, son of Carl and Linda Salzman Sagan. He said, “Hello from the children of planet Earth.”

Whale Greeting

Biologist Roger Payne provided a whale song (“the most beautiful whale greeting,” he said, and “the one that should last forever”) captured with hydrophones off the coast of Bermuda in 1970. Thinking that perhaps the whale song might make more sense to aliens than to humans, Ferris wanted to include more than a slice and so mixed some of the song behind the greetings in different languages. “That strikes some people as hilarious, but from a bandwidth standpoint, it worked quite well,” says Ferris. “It doesn’t interfere with the greetings, and if you are interested in the whale song, you can extract it.”

Reportedly, the trickiest sound to record was a  kiss . Some were too quiet, others too loud, and at least one was too disingenuous for the team’s liking. Music producer Jimmy Iovine kissed his arm. In the end, the kiss that landed on the record was actually one that Ferris planted on Ann Druyan’s cheek.

Druyan had the idea to record a person’s brain waves, so that should extraterrestrials millions of years into the future have the technology, they could decode the individual’s thoughts. She was the guinea pig. In an hour-long session hooked to an EEG at New York University Medical Center, Druyan meditated on a series of prepared thoughts. In  Murmurs of Earth , she admits that “a couple of irrepressible facts of my own life” slipped in. She and Carl Sagan had gotten engaged just days before, so a love story may very well be documented in her neurological signs. Compressed into a minute-long segment, the  brain waves  sound, writes Druyan, like a “string of exploding firecrackers.”

Georgian Chorus—“Tchakrulo”

The team discovered a beautiful recording of “Tchakrulo” by Radio Moscow and wanted to include it, particularly since Georgians are often credited with introducing polyphony, or music with two or more independent melodies, to the Western world. But before the team members signed off on the tune, they had the lyrics translated. “It was an old song, and for all we knew could have celebrated bear-baiting,” wrote Ferris in  Murmurs of Earth . Sandro Baratheli, a Georgian speaker from Queens, came to the rescue. The word “tchakrulo” can mean either “bound up” or “hard” and “tough,” and the song’s narrative is about a peasant protest against a landowner.

Chuck Berry’s “Johnny B. Goode”

According to Ferris, Carl Sagan had to warm up to the idea of including Chuck Berry’s 1958 hit “Johnny B. Goode” on the record, but once he did, he defended it against others’ objections. Folklorist Alan Lomax was against it, arguing that rock music was adolescent. “And Carl’s brilliant response was, ‘There are a lot of adolescents on the planet,’” recalls Ferris.

On April 22, 1978,  Saturday Night Live  spoofed the Golden Record in a  skit  called “Next Week in Review.” Host Steve Martin played a psychic named Cocuwa, who predicted that  Time  magazine would reveal, on the following week’s cover, a four-word message from aliens. He held up a mock cover, which read, “Send More Chuck Berry.”

More than four decades later, Ferris has no regrets about what the team did or did not include on the record. “It means a lot to have had your hand in something that is going to last a billion years,” he says. “I recommend it to everybody. It is a healthy way of looking at the world.”

According to the writer, NASA approached him about producing another record but he declined. “I think we did a good job once, and it is better to let someone else take a shot,” he says.

So, what would you put on a record if one were being sent into space today?

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Megan Gambino | | READ MORE

Megan Gambino is a senior web editor for Smithsonian magazine.

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golden record  / 

What are the contents of the golden record.

The contents of the record were selected for NASA by a committee chaired by Carl Sagan of Cornell University, et. al. Dr. Sagan and his associates assembled 115 images and a variety of natural sounds, such as those made by surf, wind and thunder, birds, whales, and other animals. To this they added musical selections from different cultures and eras, and spoken greetings from Earth-people in fifty-five languages, and printed messages from President Carter and U.N. Secretary General Waldheim.

"The spacecraft will be encountered and the record played only if there are advanced spacefaring civilizations in interstellar space."

Each record is encased in a protective aluminum jacket, together with a cartridge and a needle. Instructions, in symbolic language, explain the origin of the spacecraft and indicate how the record is to be played. The 115 images are encoded in analog form.

The remainder of the record is in audio, designed to be played at 16-2/3 revolutions per minute. It contains the spoken greetings , beginning with Akkadian, which was spoken in Sumer about six thousand years ago, and ending with Wu, a modern Chinese dialect. Following the section on the sounds of Earth , there is an eclectic 90-minute selection of music , including both Eastern and Western classics and a variety of ethnic music. Once the Voyager spacecraft leave the solar system (by 1990, both will be beyond the orbit of Pluto), they will find themselves in empty space. It will be forty thousand years before they make a close approach to any other planetary system. As Carl Sagan has noted, "The spacecraft will be encountered and the record played only if there are advanced spacefaring civilizations in interstellar space. But the launching of this bottle into the cosmic ocean says something very hopeful about life on this planet."

The definitive work about the Voyager record is "Murmurs of Earth" by Executive Director, Carl Sagan, Technical Director, Frank Drake, Creative Director, Ann Druyan, Producer, Timothy Ferris, Designer, Jon Lomberg, and Greetings Organizer, Linda Salzman. Basically, this book is the story behind the creation of the record, and includes a full list of everything on the record. "Murmurs of Earth", originally published in 1978, was reissued in 1992 by Warner News Media with a CD-ROM that replicates the Voyager record. Unfortunately, this book is now out of print, but it is worth the effort to try and find a used copy or browse through a library copy.

Master copy of the Voyager Golden Record, designed as an audio postcard for intelligent aliens, is up for auction

Carl Sagan's personal copy of the Voyager Golden Record contains 27 pieces of music and 22 minutes of sound meant to capture the beauty of life on Earth.

Nearly 46 years ago, NASA launched two small probes carrying a pair of gold-plated copper records that would soon become the farthest human-made objects from Earth ever created. The probes — named Voyager 1 and 2 — and their golden payloads are currently floating more than 12 billion miles (19 billion kilometers) from Earth, and gaining distance every day. But this week, you can add a master copy of those legendary records to your personal vinyl collection without even leaving your home — and all you need is half a million dollars.

On July 27, Sotheby's will auction two double-sided reels of audio tape containing the master recordings of the Voyager Golden Record, plucked from the personal collection of celebrity astronomer Carl Sagan and his wife, Ann Druyan, both of whom helped with the record's design and development in 1977.

Like the gold-plated discs they begot, the master tapes contain 27 pieces of music intended to encapsulate the world's musical heritage, including Beethoven, Chuck Berry, a Navajo chant and an Indian vocal raga. The tapes also include 22 minutes of nature sounds and human voices speaking in 59 languages, all of which were designed as a sort of audio postcard for any potentially intelligent aliens that might one day chance upon the Voyager probes. (The probes also contain an audio player with pictorial instructions, and a star map showing the location of Earth .)

Related: Are aliens real?

"Bursting with the myriad sounds of life, Carl and I and our colleagues designed the Golden Record to be a testament to the beauty of being alive on Earth," Druyan, who was the creative director of NASA's Voyager Interstellar Message Project that produced the records, said in a Sotheby’s statement. "We hoped it would capture the richness and diversity of our world."

—  Aliens haven't contacted Earth because there's no sign of intelligence here, new answer to the Fermi paradox suggests

—  Why have aliens never visited Earth? Scientists have a disturbing answer

—  'Leaking' cell phone towers could lead aliens straight to Earth, new study suggests

Only eight copies of the records were ever made, including the two gold-plated versions now riding through interstellar space on the Voyager probes. Bidding for the master tapes begins at $300,000, and Sotheby's expects them to fetch up to $600,000. Bidding closes at 11:20 a.m. ET on July 27.

For those of us not looking to spend half a million, NASA has provided the full track list , and there are numerous playlists of the record's contents available on YouTube and music streaming platforms. Take a listen — and hope, for a moment, that life in another star system may one day bump the same jams.

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Brandon is the space/physics editor at Live Science. His writing has appeared in The Washington Post, Reader's Digest, CBS.com, the Richard Dawkins Foundation website and other outlets. He holds a bachelor's degree in creative writing from the University of Arizona, with minors in journalism and media arts. He enjoys writing most about space, geoscience and the mysteries of the universe.

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You Can Finally Buy a Copy of the Voyager Golden Record, Gold Plating Not Included

The Voyager 1 spacecraft might be the most famous time capsule in history, soaring through space as a testament to humanity’s achievements. We don’t know if intelligent life will ever find the craft or its contents, launched in 1977 to explore the planets before sailing indefinitely beyond our solar system. But at least humans here on Earth can finally own a piece of its history.

Suggested Reading

The Voyager spacecraft includes the so-called Golden Record that is now available for purchase on both LP and CD. The album has 90 minutes of music from around the world, though the only contemporary American song is a lone track from Chuck Berry, “Johnny B. Goode.” Carl Sagan reportedly wanted to go with the song “Roll Over Beethoven” but was persuaded by his university students that “Johnny B. Goode” was a better choice.

A Kickstarter campaign to release the record raised over $1.3 million , but you don’t have to be a contributor to get your hands on one. The album is available to order on both CD and LP, though the 3-vinyl LP version isn’t a copper disc wrapped in gold, like the version that’s now hurtling through space. That version was sealed in real gold to protect it from the elements (both meteoroids and radiation) as it searches for intelligent life that may be able to listen to the record. The spacecraft record has a needle and primitive instructions for how to play it, should ET ever discover the thing.

Related Content

Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 contain the Golden Record, but Voyager 1 is on a faster course (despite being launched after Voyager 2) and is the farthest human-made object from Earth. The new LP version is a costly $98, but it does include perks like a 96-page softcover book with plenty of information about the Voyager missions. The CD version is a more affordable $50 .

It’s a rare treat to be able to buy the record today. Even Carl Sagan didn’t get a copy of the record, which is being released by Ozma Records. You can order a copy of the LP or the CD over at the Ozma Records website, though the LP version has proved so popular that you probably won’t get it until January. So don’t get your hopes up if you were planning to give it as a Christmas present.

And, yes, the vinyl version includes a digital download card that allows you to grab MP3 or FLAC versions of the music. This is the future, after all.

[ Ozma Records and Pitchfork ]

What Is NASA's Golden Record, And What's On It?

In 1977, NASA launched the groundbreaking Voyager 1 and 2 missions into space . While both took off from Cape Canaveral, Florida, Voyager 2 began its journey sixteen days (August 20) before Voyager 1 (September 5). Their initial mission was to explore Jupiter and Saturn, which they did quite successfully, sending back data and images of Saturn's rings and Jupiter's moon Io.

Voyager 1 became the first human spacecraft to enter interstellar space in August 2012. Voyager 2 became the second in November 2018, delayed several years by its mission to investigate Uranus and Neptune. After 46 years, both are still screaming through the vastness of space, going "where no man has gone before." Their continuing mission is to explore the solar system's outermost edge, where the Sun no longer shines and, with a bit of luck — far beyond that.

As of this writing, Voyager 1 is over 15,142,815,696 miles from Earth, while its sibling is 12,649,771,917. This puts them closer to Pluto than the Sun and Earth. Since Voyager 1 is the farthest human-made object from Earth, and Voyager 2 is close behind, it's fitting that each carries a gold-plated record containing the sights and sounds of our home planet of Earth. Should they run into any extraterrestrial neighbors, the Golden Record is meant to identify what they are, where they came from, who sent them, and what humanity is all about.

The Pioneer Plaque

The idea for the Golden Record wasn't entirely original. In March 1972, NASA sent Pioneer 10 on its path toward Jupiter. It was the space agency's very first foray to reach one of the outer planets and eventually escape the solar system, so it was possible that if other space-faring civilizations existed, they might encounter it at some point.

Months before the launch, someone suggested to Carl Sagan ( the space icon who influenced Neil deGrasse Tyson's whole life ) that a message be attached to Pioneer's outer hull. At the time, Sagan was America's pre-eminent astronomer and science writer who had been advising NASA since the 1950s and was instrumental during the early days of the space program. 

He, along with his then-wife and artist Linda Salzman Sagan and Cornell University Professor Frank Drake came up with "The Pioneer Plaque," which shows some basic math and science, the location of Earth within our galaxy, and a picture of a naked man and woman. A copy of this plaque (made from aluminum and dipped in gold) was also attached to Pioneer 11, which launched in April 1973. 

NASA received Pioneer 11's last engineering data on November 24, 1995, and Pioneer 10's final signal on January 23, 2003, but both should still be zipping through space. If so, Pioneer 10 is headed to a star called Aldebaran in the Taurus constellation but won't get there for some two million years. Meanwhile, Pioneer 11 should reach the constellation of Aquila in about four million years.

Hopefully, math and science are universal

When it came time for the Voyager missions a few years later NASA wanted to go bigger. Rudimentary pictographs wasn't enough, they wanted to tell a much broader story about humans and life on Earth. A committee was chaired by Carl Sagan, and using his experience in creating the Pioneer plaque, went to work figuring out the best way to convey that message.

During the creation of Pioneer's message, Sagan and his colleagues came to the conclusion that they needed to "speak" in a language that some distant cosmic civilization would understand. The Earth has approximately 7,000 spoken languages, all of which were created by humans based on human physiology. Extraterrestrials probably won't have the same body structure, and may not even "speak" at all because they might not have developed vocal chords or even ears to hear. So, using mathematics and science — presumably a universal constant throughout the cosmos — both were used as the base language.

When all was said and done the committee ended up with a 12-inch gold-plated copper disk that when played like a record emitted music, sounds, greetings (in 55 languages), and so much more. Included was a cartridge and needle so the record can be played at 16-2/3 revolutions per minute, and "To the makers of music – all worlds, all times" was etched onto the record in English by hand.

Sounds of Earth

The 27 music tracks chosen for the record come from numerous cultures and spanned the breadth and depth of eras. Everything from classical music by Bach, Beethoven and Mozart to rock ("Johnny B. Goode" by Chuck Berry) form the playlist. Selections from Mexico, Native Americans, Japan, Russia, Peru, and Aboriginal Australians were also added.

Twenty-one tracks come directly from nature and included sounds of wind, rain, and surf, all of which help provide context to the planet we live on. While noises made by animals in the wild, including crickets, frogs, birds, and elephants showcase the diversity of life on Earth. Human-created sounds, such as that of a tractor, Morse Code, automobiles, an F-111 flyby, and a  Saturn 5 rocket (the technology that made the Apollo mission successful) lifting showcase our level of technology.

The most difficult category to add was the "Greetings to the Universe" recorded in 55 different languages. According to Linda Salzman Sagan , the committee decided to go with many different languages instead of just one or two because they felt it better represented Earth — one community with many parts — and acted like "an aural Gestalt, in which each culture is a contributing voice in the choir."

This process took hours of arduous work due to the obscurity of some of the languages and dialects. For instance, the section starts with a greeting in Akkadian, a language spoken in ancient Sumer six thousand years ago, and ends with the modern Chinese dialect of Wu.

Humans and animals and life on Earth, oh my!

NASA stamped 115 analog images onto the disk, including various types of planets, animals, landscapes, climates, and geography from around the globe. Additionally, there are several photos showing humans from various races doing things like running, working, eating, hunting, dancing, and a mother breastfeeding her child.

Images of the planets in the solar system, human anatomy, cells, DNA structure, chemical definitions, math equations, and diagrams that illustrate our understanding of space and science were also included. When the Voyagers launched, Jimmy Carter was the President of the United States, and Kurt Waldheim was the Secretary General of the United Nations, both of whom included printed messages. In fact, Waldheim issuing a verbal greeting on behalf of the people of Earth is the very first voice recording. 

The record is protected by an aluminum cover electroplated with uranium-238. NASA did this because the half-life of U-238 is 468 billion years. If science and math are truly universal, then a space-faring race should be able to figure out how long it has been on the craft and approximately when it was launched.

NASA's message in a bottle

So, how would a far-flung extraterrestrial know what to do with this Golden Record? Instructions are engraved on the cover in a pictographic symbolic language along with binary-coded explanations illustrating how to play the record properly and extract the analog pictures from the recorded signals. For example, the upper left image is a circle representing the record. The included cartridge and needle sit on the outside edge of the disk. They show the correct position needed to play the record from the start, while binary code around the circumference of the album explains the proper record speed.

The images and code on the right side of the disk are associated with defining the video portion of the audio recordings, shows the general appearance of a waveform and that 512 vertical lines make up a complete picture. The two images on the bottom of the disk appeared on the plaques attached to the Pioneer probes. The one on the left shows the location of our sun with 14 pulsars emanating from it, with binary code defining the frequency of those pulses. The lower right image represents the hydrogen atom in its two lowest states. The line connecting the atoms has a number one under it to show how long it takes something to move from one state to the other and as a time scale used on the cover diagrams and in the decoded pictures.

Where is Voyager 1 now? Repairs bring space probe back online as journey nears 50 years

After many months of extremely long-distance repairs, NASA’s Voyager 1 space probe is fully operational once again.

“The spacecraft has resumed gathering information about interstellar space,” the agency announced last Thursday, and has resumed its normal operations.

The spacecraft , now travelling through interstellar space more than 15 billion miles from Earth, began sending back corrupted science and engineering data last November.

Over the ensuing months, engineers worked to troubleshoot the problem, a tedious and complicated process given the vast distance between Earth and Voyager 1. Each message took 22.5 hours to transmit, meaning each communication between engineers and the spacecraft was a nearly two day long process.

By April, NASA engineers had traced to root of the problem to a single chip in Voyager 1’s Flight Data System, allowing them to begin rearranging lines of computer code so that the spacecraft could continue transmitting data. Last month, NASA announced that it had restored functionality to two of the spacecraft’s science instruments, followed by the announcement last week that Voyager 1 had been fully restored to normal operations.

Voyager 1: Still traveling 1 million miles per day

Launched in 1977 along with its sister craft Voyager 2, the twin craft are robotic space probes that are now the longest operating spacecraft in history. Their initial mission was to study the outer planets of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, but they have continued their long journey in the ensuing decades, travelling farther and wider than any other man-made object in history.

In 1990, Voyager 1 transmitted the famous “ Pale Blue Dot ” photograph of Earth, taken when the spacecraft was 3.7 billion miles from the Sun.

By 2012, Voyager 1 became the first spacecraft to enter interstellar space, where they have continued transmit data on plasma waves, magnetic fields and particles in the heliosphere – the outermost region of space directly influenced by the Sun.

As part of their one-way mission, both Voyager spacecraft also carry copies of the “ Golden Records ,” gold plated copper discs containing sounds and images from Earth that were curated by the astronomer Carl Sagan.

Currently travelling roughly one million miles per day, Voyager 1 will continue it journey until at least early next year, when NASA estimates that diminishing power levels may “ prevent further operation .”

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Elektrostal

Elektrostal Localisation : Country Russia , Oblast Moscow Oblast . Available Information : Geographical coordinates , Population, Altitude, Area, Weather and Hotel . Nearby cities and villages : Noginsk , Pavlovsky Posad and Staraya Kupavna .

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Elektrostal

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Out of the Centre

Savvino-storozhevsky monastery and museum.

Zvenigorod's most famous sight is the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, which was founded in 1398 by the monk Savva from the Troitse-Sergieva Lavra, at the invitation and with the support of Prince Yury Dmitrievich of Zvenigorod. Savva was later canonised as St Sabbas (Savva) of Storozhev. The monastery late flourished under the reign of Tsar Alexis, who chose the monastery as his family church and often went on pilgrimage there and made lots of donations to it. Most of the monastery’s buildings date from this time. The monastery is heavily fortified with thick walls and six towers, the most impressive of which is the Krasny Tower which also serves as the eastern entrance. The monastery was closed in 1918 and only reopened in 1995. In 1998 Patriarch Alexius II took part in a service to return the relics of St Sabbas to the monastery. Today the monastery has the status of a stauropegic monastery, which is second in status to a lavra. In addition to being a working monastery, it also holds the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum.

Belfry and Neighbouring Churches

Located near the main entrance is the monastery's belfry which is perhaps the calling card of the monastery due to its uniqueness. It was built in the 1650s and the St Sergius of Radonezh’s Church was opened on the middle tier in the mid-17th century, although it was originally dedicated to the Trinity. The belfry's 35-tonne Great Bladgovestny Bell fell in 1941 and was only restored and returned in 2003. Attached to the belfry is a large refectory and the Transfiguration Church, both of which were built on the orders of Tsar Alexis in the 1650s.  

To the left of the belfry is another, smaller, refectory which is attached to the Trinity Gate-Church, which was also constructed in the 1650s on the orders of Tsar Alexis who made it his own family church. The church is elaborately decorated with colourful trims and underneath the archway is a beautiful 19th century fresco.

Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is the oldest building in the monastery and among the oldest buildings in the Moscow Region. It was built between 1404 and 1405 during the lifetime of St Sabbas and using the funds of Prince Yury of Zvenigorod. The white-stone cathedral is a standard four-pillar design with a single golden dome. After the death of St Sabbas he was interred in the cathedral and a new altar dedicated to him was added.

Under the reign of Tsar Alexis the cathedral was decorated with frescoes by Stepan Ryazanets, some of which remain today. Tsar Alexis also presented the cathedral with a five-tier iconostasis, the top row of icons have been preserved.

Tsaritsa's Chambers

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is located between the Tsaritsa's Chambers of the left and the Palace of Tsar Alexis on the right. The Tsaritsa's Chambers were built in the mid-17th century for the wife of Tsar Alexey - Tsaritsa Maria Ilinichna Miloskavskaya. The design of the building is influenced by the ancient Russian architectural style. Is prettier than the Tsar's chambers opposite, being red in colour with elaborately decorated window frames and entrance.

At present the Tsaritsa's Chambers houses the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum. Among its displays is an accurate recreation of the interior of a noble lady's chambers including furniture, decorations and a decorated tiled oven, and an exhibition on the history of Zvenigorod and the monastery.

Palace of Tsar Alexis

The Palace of Tsar Alexis was built in the 1650s and is now one of the best surviving examples of non-religious architecture of that era. It was built especially for Tsar Alexis who often visited the monastery on religious pilgrimages. Its most striking feature is its pretty row of nine chimney spouts which resemble towers.

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