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United Kingdom

Travel Advisory September 6, 2024

United kingdom - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Reissued after periodic review with minor edits.

Exercise increased caution in the United Kingdom due to terrorism.

Country Summary:  Terrorist groups continue plotting possible attacks in the United Kingdom. Terrorists may attack with little or no warning, targeting tourist locations, transportation hubs, markets/shopping malls, local government facilities, hotels, clubs, restaurants, places of worship, parks, major sporting and cultural events, educational institutions, airports, and other public areas.

There is also a risk of isolated violence by dissident groups in Northern Ireland, focused primarily on police and military targets.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to the United Kingdom.

If you decide to travel to the United Kingdom:

• Be aware of your surroundings when traveling to tourist locations and crowded public venues.
• Follow the instructions of local authorities.
• Check local media for breaking events and adjust your plans based on new information.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program  ( STEP ) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and X/Twitter
• Review the  Country Security Report  for the United Kingdom.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel and return to the United States.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

Embassy Messages

View Alerts and Messages Archive

Quick Facts

Must be valid for the duration of your stay in the United Kingdom   (If you have onward travel to countries outside the United Kingdom, you should check the passport validity requirements for each additional country on their respective information pages.)

Must have at least one page

Not required for stays less than six months.

Embassies and Consulates

U.s. embassy london.

33 Nine Elms Lane London, SW11 7US United Kingdom Telephone: +(44)(20) 7499-9000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(44)(20) 7499-9000 Fax: +(44) (20) 7891-3845 Email:   [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Edinburgh, Scotland 3 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh EH7 5BW Scotland Telephone: 013-1556-8315 / from the United States: 011 (44)(13) 1556-8315 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  020-7499-9000 / from the United States: 011 (44)(20) 7499-9000 Fax: 0131-557-6023 /from the United States: 011 (44) 131-557-6023 Email:   [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Belfast, Northern Ireland Danesfort House, 223 Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5GR Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Telephone: 028-9038-6100 / from the United States: 011 (44)(28) 9038-6100 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: 01253-501106 / from the United States: 011 (44) 1253-501106 Fax: 028-9068-1301 / from the United States: 011 (44)(28) 9068-1301 Email: [email protected]

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

• To enter the United Kingdom, your passport must be valid for the entire duration of your planned stay.
• Starting June 2019, U.S. passport holders will be able to use the ePassport Gates upon arrival in the United Kingdom. U.S. citizens who had previously registered for the UK’s Registered Traveller Service (RTS) should now also use the ePassport Gates on arrival in the UK.
• If you are planning onward travel after departing the UK, note that many other countries require at least six months’ remaining validity on your passport to enter. If you are bound for Continental Europe, please see our  U.S. travelers in Europe page for additional details.
• Visas for specific categories of visitors must be obtained prior to travel. Visit the  UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) website to determine if you need a visa to enter the United Kingdom. We cannot intervene on your behalf when you apply for a UK visa, nor can we advocate for your admission into the UK if you are denied entry.
• Students and prospective students should visit the  UKVI website  to determine if they need a visa.
• For some U.S. travelers, especially students, an entry stamp is required.  Please consult this website  for more information.
• Unpaid and paid workers, interns, volunteers, charity workers, and temporary workers can find information about obtaining a visa on the  UKVI website .
• Visitors traveling to the United Kingdom to get married, even if they do not plan to reside there, must obtain a visa in advance. See the  UKVI website  for visa information.
• Surcharges apply to certain categories of visas, generally those involving work, study, or residency for more than six months. More information is available on the  UKVI website  and in our Health section below.

The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of the United Kingdom.

Find information on  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction  and  customs regulations  on our websites.

Safety and Security

Terrorist groups continue plotting possible near-term attacks in Europe. The UK Security Service publishes specific reasons for any changes in the threat level and recommended actions for the public via its  UK threat levels website .

There is the potential for  isolated violence  related to the political situation in Northern Ireland. The Police Service of Northern Ireland assesses there is a continued threat of violence from dissident groups in Northern Ireland, focused primarily on police and military targets, and may involve the use of  firearms  and  explosives . Tensions may be heightened during the summer marching season (April to August), particularly on and around the July 12 public holiday.

Avoid areas of demonstrations  if possible, and be careful within the vicinity of demonstrations. Demonstrations occur frequently in and around city centers and areas where tourists frequent. Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly escalate to violence.

The phone number for  police/fire/ambulance emergency services  is  999  in the United Kingdom and  112  in Gibraltar. You should also use these numbers to report security threats or suspicious packages. Also see information for  contacting police from abroad .

• Be cautious and aware of your surroundings.
• Be vigilant, as  pickpocketing ,  mugging,  and “snatch and grab” theft of mobile phones, watches and jewelry can occur.
• Do not leave bags unattended in restaurants, pubs, hotel lobbies, and parked cars.
• Be alert to other criminal schemes, such as  impostors  posing as undercover police officers and “fining” tourists for bogus minor offenses. A legitimate Metropolitan Police Services officer will never demand an immediate cash payment.
• Use only licensed Black Cabs or pre-ordered car services (minicabs) . Unlicensed taxis or private cars posing as taxis may offer low fares, but in some instances, travelers have been  robbed  or  sexually assaulted  while using these cars. See Transport for London for additional information on cabs and car services .
• Avoid using ATMs that look temporary in structure or location  or are located in isolated areas – they may not be legitimate. Use ATMs located inside a bank branch.

Scams : Before sending any money to individuals you have never met in person, visit the  Embassy London website  for more information about  internet financial scams  and how to protect yourself.

See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information on scams.

Victims of Crime : Report crimes to the local police at 999 (United Kingdom) or 112 (Gibraltar) and contact the U.S. Embassy at +(44) (20) 7499-9000.

• Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes.

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• help you find appropriate medical care
• assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• contact relatives or friends with your written consent
• explain the local criminal justice process in general terms
• provide a list of local attorneys
• provide our information on  victim compensation programs in the United States
• The Victim Support website  is maintained by an independent UK charity to help people cope with the effects of crime
• A Northern Ireland-based independent charity maintains a similar  victim support website
• In Scotland, victims of crime should contact  Victim Support Scotland
• provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support if you are destitute
• help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
• replace a stolen or lost passport

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence may contact the Embassy for assistance.

Tourism:  The tourism industry is generally regulated and rules are regularly enforced. Hazardous areas/activities are identified with appropriate signage and professional staff is typically on hand in support of organized activities. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is widely available throughout the country. Outside of a major metropolitan center, it may take more time for first responders and medical professionals to stabilize a patient and provide life-saving assistance. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance . 

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. 

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the  Department of Justice  website.

• You will be arrested if you bring pocket knives, blades, mace or pepper spray canisters, or any part of a gun into the United Kingdom . Please refer to the UK government publication  Travelling to the UK , which details the items visitors are prohibited from bringing into the United Kingdom.
• Penalties against  alcohol-related  and other  in-flight  crimes committed aboard aircraft to and from the United Kingdom are stiff and are enforced with  prison sentences . Please also see  our information on U.S. customs regulations  covering your return to the United States.
• Controlled Substances: UK law prohibits possession and trafficking of controlled substances and narcotics, including some substances that may be legal to possess under the law of certain U.S. states. More information on controlled substances is available here . Individuals who violate UK drug laws may face penalties including fines or prison sentences.

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained in the United Kingdom, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

Special Circumstances:

• The legal drinking age in the United Kingdom is 18. Parents and organizers of school trips should read our  Students Abroad website  to help plan a safe and enjoyable experience.
• Scotland’s “drink drive limit” law was amended to a lower level (roughly .05 BAC) and is stricter than the rest of the United Kingdom (roughly .08 BAC). This means that  driving after even one drink  can result in a charge of driving under the influence.
• The United Kingdom has very strict gun control laws, and importing firearms is extremely complicated.  Information on applying for a firearm and/or shotgun certificate can be found on the  London Metropolitan Police Firearms licensing webpage .  Licenses from England or Wales may not be valid in Scotland; please check with the appropriate authorities.  For firearms certificates for Scotland, please check with  Police Scotland .

Faith-Based Travelers:  See our following webpages for details:

• International Religious Freedom Report  – see country reports
• Human Rights Report  – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

LGBTI Travelers:  There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTI events in the United Kingdom.

See our  LGBTI Travel Information  page and section 6 of our  Human Rights report  for further details.

Travelers Who Require Accessibility Assistance:

• UK law requires that all public service providers (except in the transportation sector) make “reasonable adjustments” to ensure their services are available to persons with disabilities.  Nevertheless, code exemptions permit many older buildings to have steps up from the street.
• Getting around in cities may be difficult at times because sidewalks can be narrow and uneven.
• Most London Underground and UK National Rail System stations are not readily accessible for people with disabilities.  Many stations do not have elevators, and have stairways and long corridors for changing trains or exiting to the street. Many UK buses are equipped with lowering platforms for limited-mobility or sight- or hearing-disabled travelers.
• Many taxis have swivel-entry seats or retractable ramps to ease entry.
• Disabled parking permits (known as “blue badges”) are issued by local government councils throughout the country. Visit the  UK government website  for contact information. Some councils may not offer permits to temporary visitors.

The  Transport for London  and  National Rail  websites provide information for passengers with disabilities.

Students:  See our  Students Abroad  page and  FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:  See our travel tips for  women travelers .

While medical services are widely available,  free medical care  under the National Health System (NHS) is allowed only for UK residents, certain EU nationals, and some visa holders.

An NHS surcharge is assessed on certain visa applicants at the time of application.  Tourists and short-term visitors will not be assessed the surcharge, but will be charged 150 percent of the cost of any medical treatment they receive from the NHS. Unpaid balances of £1,000 or more can result in being barred from return to the United Kingdom.

• The U.S. government does not pay medical bills, and U.S. Medicare is not valid overseas.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides  coverage overseas . Most care providers overseas only accept  cash payments . See our webpage for more information on insurance coverage overseas.

• We strongly recommend  supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation.

Carry  prescription medication  in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Traveling with sufficient supplies to last the duration of your trip is recommended. Mailing prescriptions is prohibitive and may be delayed or rejected by British customs.

Certain prescriptions available in the United States are classified as a "controlled drug"  in the United Kingdom and cannot be brought into the country without applying for and obtaining a prior license. This includes prescriptions for medical marijuana or products containing CBD and THC.  Please visit the https://www.gov.uk/travelling-controlled-drugs for additional information. 

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all  vaccinations  recommended for international travel by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (CDC)

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:  Road conditions in the United Kingdom can differ significantly from those in the United States.

• In contrast to the United States, UK traffic drives on the left.  Read the  Highway Code  before driving.
• Emergency call boxes  (orange telephone booths with “SOS” printed on them) are found at half-mile intervals along motorways. White and blue poles point in the direction of the nearest call box. Call boxes dial directly to a motorway center. Use these phones rather than a personal cell phone, because motorway center personnel will immediately know your exact location.
• Generally,  pedestrians do not have the right of way  and should not expect vehicles to stop for them.

Many U.S. citizen pedestrians are injured, some fatally, every year in the United Kingdom, because they forget that oncoming  traffic approaches from the opposite direction  than in the United States.  Exercise extra care when crossing streets; remain alert and look both ways before stepping into the street.

Traffic Laws: 

• UK penalties for driving under the influence of  alcohol  or  drugs  are strict and often  result in prison sentences .
• Using a  hand-held cell phone  or similar device while driving is  illegal  in the United Kingdom. Only hands-free phones may be used. You will be  fined , or in the case of an accident,  arrested  and serve time in  prison .
• The speed limit on highways/motorways in the United Kingdom is 70 mph, or lower when posted.
• You will be  detained  and  arrested  if you cannot provide a UK address to receive a subpoena or are about to depart the United Kingdom and have to be brought to court quickly for a motoring offense.
• In Central London, a congestion charge is levied on all drivers who pass through the congestion zone. You will be  fined  or  arrested  if you do not pay the charge. See  Transport for London  for more information about driving in London.

Public Transportation:  Public transport in the United Kingdom is extensive.

• Information on disruptions to London transportation services can be found on the  Transport for London  website.
• Information about the status of National Rail Services can be found on the  National Rail Enquiries  website.
• Bus and train service information in Northern Ireland can be found on the  Translink  website.
• Bus and train service information in Scotland can be found on the  Traveline Scotland  website.

See our  Road Safety page  for more information. For specific information concerning UK driving permits, vehicle inspection, road tax, and mandatory insurance, refer to the  UK Department for Transport  website or the  Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency  website.

Aviation Safety Oversight:  The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of the United Kingdom’s Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of United Kingdom’s air carrier operations. Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to the United Kingdom should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts at  www.marad.dot.gov/msci . Information may also be posted to the U.S. Coast Guard homeport website and the NGA broadcast warnings website (select “broadcast warnings”).

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on X (formerly known as "Twitter") and Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in the United Kingdom . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report.

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U.S. Travelers Will Soon Have to Pay to Enter the U.K.

U.S. visitors—as well as visitors from Europe , Australia and Canada —will soon be required to apply for permission to enter the U.K. through a new scheme known as Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA).

The U.K. government is in the process of fully digitizing U.K. borders by the end of 2025—and the ETA scheme will play its part, allowing “individuals, and carriers, with more assurance at an earlier point in time about their ability to travel to the U.K.,” the government said.

The scheme will be in place by the end of this year (2023), and visitors will be required to fill out an online application granting them permission to travel. There will be a small fee included in the application—similar to how the U.S.'s own ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization) system works for U.K. travelers.

Here's everything we know.

Will I need a visa to enter the U.K.?

This isn't technically a visa—the ETA system will grant travelers permission to enter the country. You will need to apply for an ETA prior to arrival. If you haven't received permission to travel before arrival, you may get fined.

Travelers from the U.S. will soon need to apply for permission to enter the U.K.

How long will it take to get an ETA?

Travelers will be advised to apply for an ETA at least a few days before their journey. Approval should be granted within 72 hours of application.

How long will an ETA last?

After your ETA has been approved, visitors will be granted permission to stay in the U.K. for six months, whether for business or tourism reasons.

The U.K. government is yet to confirm how often visitors will need to apply for a new ETA, but it's likely to be valid for two years—meaning there's no need to apply for a new one every time you visit within the valid time period.

Visitors with valid ETAs can stay—and travel—in U.K. for up to six months.

How much will an ETA cost?

We don't know yet—but the government has said that the cost will be small. The EU implemented a similar system in 2022, which costs €7. A U.S. ESTA, meanwhile, costs $21.

Who will need to apply for an ETA?

The full list of nations included hasn't been announced yet. We do know that U.S. citizens who don't hold a visa will need to apply for an ETA, as will other visa-exempt nations such as Canada and Australia. European countries are likely to be included, too.  Those traveling from nationalities without a visa-free agreement with the UK will still need to apply for another applicable type of UK visa.

What will I need to apply for an ETA?

You'll need a valid passport , an email address to register with, and to supply the details of your travel, as well as a valid debit or credit card to pay any fees to apply.

To keep up to date with the latest information on the ETA scheme, check the official website for more details as they become available.

This article originally appeared on Condé Nast Traveller U.K.  

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Travel Documents UK

There are many non-UK nationals that travel in and out of the UK each year using their passports. However, in certain circumstances, a valid passport from their native country may be unattainable. If so, travellers can apply to the Home Office for a UK Travel Document and if successful, use it as an alternative.

The application process to gain UK travel documents can often be complex and daunting. Different travel documents are available for people in various circumstances, and knowing which one to apply for can sometimes cause anxiety and stress.

However, our team of specialist immigration lawyers can guide you through the entire process from start to finish quickly and easily. For help with your UK travel document application, call us today at  0333 305 9375  or contact us online.

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What is a UK Travel Document?

UK travel documents from the Home Office allow non-UK nationals to travel in and out of the UK without a valid passport providing certain criteria can be met. There are 4 different types of travel documents available and the applicant should apply for the one that best fits their circumstances.

Am I Eligible to Apply?

To be eligible to apply for a travel document from the Home Office, applicants must meet certain criteria. Firstly, applicants must be living in the UK for one of the following reasons:

• They have been granted indefinite leave to remain (permanent residency).
• They have been granted permission to stay in the UK as a refugee or stateless person.
• They have been granted humanitarian protection or discretionary leave for a limited time following a failed asylum application.

In addition, applicants must be able to show that they have applied for a passport that has been unreasonably refused by their country’s national authorities. (Unless they have permission to be in the UK as a refugee or stateless person).

Types of UK Travel Documents

There are 4 types of travel documents available for those in different circumstances.

Convention Document (Refugee)

This document is for refugees who are unable to obtain a passport from their own country. The convention travel document allows the holder to travel from the UK and re-enter without issue upon returning. However, it does not allow the applicant to travel back to their home country or any country in which they sought asylum from.

The document is usually valid for ten years if the applicant has settled status (indefinite leave to remain) in the UK, or 5 years if they have permission to stay (leave to remain) or are under 15 years of age.

It costs £75 to apply as an adult or £49 for children aged 15 and under. However, the fee is waived if the applicant was born before 1 September 1929.

Stateless Person Document

This document is for people who are classed as stateless by the UK authorities and therefore cannot obtain a passport. It allows holders to travel to most countries in the world and return to the UK without restriction.

The document is valid for up to ten years if the applicant is settled in the UK and has indefinite leave to remain or 5 years for those that have permission to stay or leave to remain or are under the age of 15.

The fee for this document is £75 for adults (over 15) and £49 for children (15 or under). However, applicants born on or before 1 September 1929 do not have to pay the fee at all.

One-way Document

One-way documents (or IS137) are for non-UK citizens that wish to leave the UK permanently. The document allows them the right to leave the UK but not return. Applicants do not need to have settled status in order to apply. However, there are certain criteria that must be met in order to be considered for this document.

For example, the applicant must not be a British citizen, they must not be able to obtain a passport from their native country, they must not be facing deportation or have any pending criminal proceedings against them in the UK and they must want to leave the UK for good.

The document is valid for 12 months from the date it is issued and cannot be used to return to the UK under any circumstances. The fee for adults or those over 15 is £75, for those 15 and under it is £49 or it is free to apply if the applicant was born on or before 1 September 1929.

Certificate of Travel Document

This document is for those that have been refused a passport by their own nation’s authorities. It allows the holder to leave and re-enter the UK in replace of a traditional passport. To apply one of the following must be true:

• Has settled status or permission to stay in the UK and has been refused a passport by their native country’s authorities.
• In the UK under humanitarian protection and it’s been officially accepted that they are in fear of their native country’s authorities.
• In the UK on a family visa as a dependent of someone with humanitarian protection.
• Born in the UK as a child of a refugee and has permission to stay in the UK but does not have refugee status.
• Has an important reason to travel but the native country’s authorities are unable to process travel documents quickly enough.

If the applicant has an important reason to travel, this and the fact that their native country’s authorities are unable to help must be proven as part of the application. This document is valid for up to 5 years if the applicant has settled status or until the permission to stay in the UK ends. Applicants can travel to most countries using this document except any of those from which they claimed asylum.

The fee for adults is currently £210 for those over the age of 15 and £141 for children aged 15 and under.

Contact us today for assistance with obtaining a UK travel document.

Applying For a Home Office Travel Document

All applicants need to complete an online form on the UK government’s website and then send their supporting documentation to the Home Office through the post. However, if there are exceptional or compassionate circumstances involved, evidence can be sent for consideration via email.

How can IAS Help?

Applying for a travel document can be stressful and time-consuming. It can be difficult to be sure which type of document to apply for depending on your circumstances and mistakes do not get refunded by the Home Office.

Our team of immigration specialists at IAS can tell you your options quickly and accurately, help you fill in your application from start to finish, advising you on all aspects of being granted your travel documents as easily and quickly as possible.

Call us today at  0333 305 9375  or contact us online.

We offer immigration advice sessions as face to face appointments at all of our UK offices, or via the phone.

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Written by Immigration Advice Service

Editorial team.

This content was developed by a team of writers, SEO specialists, editors, and lawyers who provide valuable information to those with immigration queries.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Can i get help with my online application form.

There are options available to those that may struggle to complete the online application form if, for example, they do not have internet access or do not feel comfortable whilst using a computer. Applicants are able to access ‘Assisted Digital’ support which can provide advice over the telephone or via face-to-face interviews.

Can my family travel with me?

It is not possible to list dependents on a travel document like it is on a visa. Each travelling family member (including children) must have their own travel document to travel in and out of the UK. If the child was born in the UK, they may be able to become a British citizen and get a traditional passport.

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Home Office travel documents and visa free countries

Tell Us What You Think?  

Under the 1951 UN Convention Refugee Travel Document (blue) is issued by the United Kingdom to a refugee who has been granted asylum in the UK. If someone has been recognised as a refugee then they can apply for a travel document under the 1951 refugee Convention, which is a blue passport-sized document. Information about applying for this travel document is available  on the UK government website .

The Refugee Travel Document Normally is normally issued for up to 10 years for adults and for up to 5 years for children, or in line with limited leave. It also may be issued with a shorter validity if considered appropriate.

Travel documents are normally valid for all countries other than the country asylum is claimed from and/or the country of origin.

Countries that allow visa-free travel on Refugee Travel document

Countries that do not allow entry with refugee travel document.

UAE – Dubai

Qatar – Doha

Stateless person’s travel document

A stateless person may apply for a travel document under 1954 United Nations Convention relating to Stateless Persons. Information about applying for this travel document is available  on the UK government website . For more information on statelessness, see our  fact sheet on statelessness .

The travel document is normally valid for up to 5 years (children) or 10 years (adults) or in line with the leave granted. The stateless travel document is normally valid for all countries.

Certificate of Travel

Certificates of Travel may be issued to individuals who:

• are permanently resident in the United Kingdom, or
• have been granted Humanitarian Protection (HP) or Discretionary Leave (DL) to enter or remain in the UK for a limited period, following an unsuccessful asylum application  and  can provide documentary evidence that they have been formally and unreasonably refused a passport by their country of origin.

The certificate of travel is normally valid for up to 5 years or for the length of leave the individual has. The Home Office guidance states that the certificate of travel is normally valid for all countries but there were previously issues with the acceptance of the document in a number of countries, including many European ones. It is recommended that a particular country’s rules should be checked before applying for such a document and travelling to that country.

However, if an individual stay outside of the UK for a period of more than 2 years, that leave to remain (whether indefinite or limited) will lapse. The leave to remain will not lapse if someone comes back and left again during the two-year period – it must be continuous for the leave to lapse.

Disclaimer:

The information in this blog is for general information purposes only and does not purport to be comprehensive or to provide legal advice. Whilst every effort is made to ensure the information and law is current as of the date of publication it should be stressed that, due to the passage of time, this does not necessarily reflect the present legal position. Connaught Law and authors accept no responsibility for loss which may arise from accessing or reliance on information contained in this blog. For formal advice on the current law please don’t hesitate to contact Connaught Law. Legal advice is only provided pursuant to a written agreement, identified as such, and signed by the client and by or on behalf of Connaught Law.

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You may also be interested in, navigating the new business immigration law: key changes and impacts on talent recruitment, e-visa announcement in the uk: revolutionising immigration services, new uk government abandons controversial rwanda asylum scheme, administrative review, ilr for children with 7 years residence in the uk, new changes impacting skilled workers and employers, sponsoring a spouse is getting more expensive., new changes to the immigration rules for students and their dependants., what is a judicial review and who can apply for it, contact information.

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• UK Visas and Immigration

ECB08: what are acceptable travel documents for entry clearance

Updated 5 August 2021

© Crown copyright 2021

This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: [email protected] .

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This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/what-are-acceptable-travel-documents-for-entry-clearance-ecb08/ecb08-what-are-acceptable-travel-documents-for-entry-clearance

1. ECB8.1 Why a passport or travel document is needed and what constitutes one

The Immigration Rules state that persons seeking entry to the UK are to be refused entry by an Immigration Officer if they fail to produce a valid national passport or other document satisfactorily establishing their identity and nationality (Rules paragraph 320(3) ).

This applies equally to applicants requesting entry clearance from an ECO.

A bona fide passport or travel document should:

• contain the photograph, name and date of birth of the holder;
• state the holder’s nationality (or disclaimer if the holder is stateless or of undetermined nationality);
• be valid for travel to the UK.

2. ECB8.2 States not recognised by HMG

HMG does not recognise certain ‘states’ and does not recognise the passports or travel documents issued by them. Entry clearances should not therefore be put in such passports or travel documents.

However, this does not mean that an entry clearance may not be issued. If the requirements of the Immigration Rules are met, an entry clearance must be issued on an EU Uniform Format Form (EU UFF).

The UK does not recognise:

• ‘Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus’ (‘TRNC’)
• Yemen (Royalist authorities)**.

*Visas may be placed in ordinary Taiwanese passports. But the EU Uniform Format Form should be used when a diplomatic or official Taiwanese passport is presented.

**Passports which may be in circulation although they are being phased out.

3. ECB8.3 Passports not recognised by HMG

Although HMG does not recognise certain passports as evidence of identity and nationality, the Secretary of State does not have the power to tell ECOs which passports to accept. If ECOs are unsure whether a passport is acceptable and can be endorsed then they should contact their regional operations manager.

4. ECB8.4 What to do when a government issues a new form of travel document

When a new type of passport / travel document is first issued by a foreign or Commonwealth government, or an International Organisation decides to issue a travel document, the Post should as a priority:

• request four specimens.

These examples are required so that the passport / travel document can be formally recognised and notifies the Home Office.

5. ECB8.5 Passports and travel documents in current use

Listed below are passports and travel documents in current use. Although most are acceptable for entry to the UK, some are not.

• Collective passports (ECB8.6)
• Emergency travel documents (ECB8.7)
• European Union Laissez-Passer (ECB8.8)
• EU Uniform Format Form (replaced Declaration of Identity form)(ECB8.9)
• Hong Kong travel documents (ECB8.10)
• Identity cards of EEA Nationals and Swiss Nationals (ECB8.11)
• National passports (ECB8.12)
• Refugee or stateless persons travel documents (ECB8.13)
• Travel documents issued by International Organisations (ECB8.14)
• Travel documents issued by the United Nations (ECB8.15)
• Unofficial and self-styled ‘passports’ (ECB8.16) back to top

6. ECB8.6 Collective passports

6.1 ecb8.6.1 as with national passports, these travel documents are issued by governments. each collective passport must:.

• be issued by an authority competent to issue passports;
• be in a form recognised by the Home Office;
• give the date and place of issue and the name of the issuing authority;
• certify that all persons included in it are nationals of the country in which it is issued, excepting Italian collective passports (which are not certified in this manner because they never include persons not of Italian nationality) or certain stateless persons (see section below);
• describe the party (for example, a sports team, a school class);
• state the country or countries of destination;
• give the surnames (in alphabetical order), first names, date and place of birth and place of residence for each member of the party;
• have adequate space for the Immigration Officer’s stamps.

6.2 ECB8.6.2 Amendments or additions to collective passports

Any amendments or additions to a collective passport may be made only by the issuing authority. Immigration Officers will accept the validity of documents upon which deletions have been made provided each alteration is separately authenticated by an ECO.

6.3 ECB8.6.3 A collective passport may be used for travel to the UK provided:

• All those included in it are to engage in a common enterprise, and full arrangements are made for the visit before arrival.
• The visit is of a temporary nature and will not exceed six months.
• The party enter, remain and leave the UK together.

The number of people included on one collective passport must not be less than five or more than fifty.

6.4 ECB8.6.4 Additional requirements for collective passports:

• Each member of the party who is aged 16 years or over must be in possession of an official identity document bearing a photograph (for example, an identity card, driving licence, certificate of nationality for travel purposes or a passport which has expired not more than three years previously).
• Alternatively, a certified photograph of each such member may be affixed to the collective passport opposite his / her name. The photographs may be certified by the organising body, or by the leader of the party. After they have been affixed to the passport, each must be stamped by the ECO in such a way that the photograph cannot be removed and replaced by another.
• It is helpful, but not a requirement, that young persons under the age of 16 years carry with them some kind of official identity document.

6.5 ECB8.6.5 Requirements for the leader of the party travelling on a collective passport:

• Be at least 21 years of age and remain in company with the party.
• Be responsible for complying with the immigration requirements.
• Ensure that the members of the party remain together.
• Possess an individual passport.

6.6 ECB8.6.6 Authentication of collective passports by ECOs

In addition to being endorsed with entry clearances, when necessary, collective passports must be authenticated by an ECO or Consular Officer.

No authentication is required for collective passports issued by the following countries:

Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey

6.7 ECB8.6.7 Collective passports and Stateless persons

Stateless persons under the age of 21 whose residence in the countries listed above is authorised by the national authorities concerned, may be included on collective passports issued by those national authorities provided:

• The names of stateless persons must be listed separately from nationals, and their status clearly shown.
• The collective passport must bear a clear indication at the top that the party includes stateless persons.
• Each stateless person aged 16 or over carries an identity card bearing a photograph.

The inclusion of stateless young persons on a collective passport commits the issuing government to their readmission without time limit to its own territory, even when the stateless person does not return with the party.

6.8 ECB8.6.8 Advice if a person on a collective passport must unavoidably remain longer in the United Kingdom

Any member of the party who is unable for some unavoidable reason, e.g. illness or accident, to leave the UK with the main party must obtain an individual passport from his/her Consul in the UK. The passport must be sent with a letter giving the reason for prolonging the stay to:

Public Enquiry Office UK Visas and Immigration Lunar House 40 Wellesley Road Croydon CR9 2BY

In addition, when the party leaves the country, the leader should inform an Immigration Officer at the port of entry if any members of the party have been left behind.

6.9 ECB8.6.9 Entry clearance fees for collective passports

Unless entry clearance is to be gratis (see ECB06 Entry clearance fees for guidance) each person travelling should be charged a fee.

7. ECB8.7 Emergency travel documents

Emergency travel documents are issued by governments. They are usually for specific journeys. The ECO should normally consider them satisfactory documents for travel to the United Kingdom

8. ECB8.8 European Union Laissez-Passer

The European Union (EU) provides certain officials and their dependents with a laissez-passer. This laissez-passer is accepted in lieu of a passport or national identity card for entry to any of the EU member states.

9. ECB8.9 EU Uniform Format Form (UFF)

9.1 what is a uff.

The UFF is a document on which a visa can be placed when a travel document is not recognised as a valid travel document by HMG. It is used by all EU Member States.

It replaced the previous Declaration of Identity form (GV3). Unlike the previous GV3 form, the UFF does not confer nationality and neither does it confirm identity.

A UFF is not a statutory declaration in the true sense and may be witnessed by an officer responsible for signing entry clearances.

The ECO should not issue a UFF unless they intend to endorse a visa on it.

9.2 Is a referral to the regional operations manager mandatory?

No, ECOs may issue a UFF after authorisation from an ECM in straightforward cases, that is, first time family reunion or settlement cases or cases where and applicant does not have an acceptable travel document.

*(family reunion guidance) SET10 - Family reunion .

In all other circumstances authority to issue UFFs must be obtained from the regional operations manager. Each region should set up local processes for referring UFF’s for authorisation.

What is the procedure for issuing UFFs authorised by an ECM?

See ECB9.3 (c)

9.3 What period of leave should be granted?

If the applicant is applying under the Family Reunion policy and the sponsor has 5 years Limited Leave (LTR) the applicant should be granted LTE in line with the sponsor’s leave, expiring on the same date. If the sponsor has Indefinite Leave (ILR) the applicant should be granted ILE for 12 months.

The ECO should add the initial and surname of their sponsor in the ‘Add endorsement’ field. If the applicant is applying under a category other than Family Reunion, the visa should be valid for the duration of the category under which they have applied, for example, Settlement 27 months.

The ECO should add the initial and surname of their sponsor in the ‘Add endorsement’ field.

It is important to ensure that a UFF is issued in conjunction with a travel document, wherever possible. But where the applicant does not hold a travel document, the application should be referred to the regional operations manager. See referral procedure above.

As the UFF is personal to the holder and only one visa may be attached to it, the ECO must issue a separate form and vignette for each applicant.

Where appropriate, the ECO may issue a multiple-entry entry clearance on a UFF.

9.4 What is the fee?

The standard entry clearance fees are payable, except for categories which are exempt (see Exempt (EXM) )

There is no fee for the UFF itself.

You can download a (specimen EU Uniform Format Form (UFF) on this guidance page.

For information on the issuing / processing of EU UFF see ECB9.3 .

10. ECB8.10 Hong Kong travel documents

10.1 ecb8.10.1 since july 1998 there have been four different types of hong kong travel documents:.

• the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) passport; (ECB8.10.2)
• the British National (Overseas) passport; (ECB8.10.3)
• the British Overseas Citizen passport; (ECB8.10.4)
• the Hong Kong Document of Identity for Visa Purposes. (ECB8.10.5)

10.2 ECB8.10.2 The HKSAR passport is issued by the HKSAR Immigration Department on the authority of the Chinese Government. It is issued to all Chinese nationals who have right of abode in the HKSAR and hold the Hong Kong permanent identity card. BN(O) passport-holders who are eligible for the HKSAR passport can hold both passports simultaneously.

10.3 ecb8.10.3 the bn(o) passport can be held and used as a travel document by hong kong residents. some 3.4 million hong kong people (mostly chinese nationals) are bn(o)s - a status held for life. bn(o) passports have a ten-year validity and are renewable at the british consulate-general in hong kong, at uk passport offices and at other british consular posts overseas. bn(o)s have visa-free access for visits to the uk., 10.4 ecb8.10.4 the british overseas citizen passport is held by those people, who were formerly british dependent territories citizens and who failed to register for a bn(o) passport before 1 july 1997 and who would otherwise be stateless., 10.5 ecb8.10.5 hong kong documents of identity for visa purposes are issued to residents of hong kong, who do not meet the residence criteria to qualify for the right of abode and thus the hksar passport and / or cannot obtain a national passport., 11. ecb8.11 identity cards of eea and swiss nationals.

EEA and Swiss nationals may use identity cards as travel documents for travel to the United Kingdom.

12. ECB8.12 National passports

National passports are issued by governments to persons who are accepted as their citizens.

Unless there are particular problems with a national passport (in which case Posts will be informed of special handling procedures to be taken) ECOs should treat all such passports as bona fide for travel to the UK.

There are special arrangements for handling entry clearance applications from persons who hold national passports of countries not recognised by HMG [see ECB 8.2 above].

13. ECB8.13 Refugee or Stateless Persons’ travel documents

13.1 ecb8.13.1 refugee or stateless persons travel documents.

Most governments issue travel documents to stateless persons, refugees or others living within their borders who are not eligible for national passports.

The Home Office issues documents as outlined above. These documents are used for entering and exiting th UK.

These documents cannot be renewed. When they expire, the holder must apply for a new document and this can only be done in the UK

13.2 ECB8.13.2 1951 Convention Travel Documents

1951 Convention Travel Documents (CTDs) are issued to refugees by states who are party to the 1951 UN Convention on the Status of Refugees. All holders of 1951 CTDs, except those issued by the UK, are required to give a record of their fingerprints on arrival in the UK. Visas endorsed on 1951 CTDs do not confer leave to enter. Instead they are valid for presentation at a UK port for six months, where the holder can seek leave to enter.

Visas endorsed on 1951 CTDs should be:

• restricted to six months validity, this includes EEA Family Permits; but
• multiple-entry visit visas can be valid for up to two years.

13.3 ECB8.13.3 Refugees or Stateless Persons entering for longer than 6 months

Those entering for longer than six months, such as students, PBS holders and others, will need to seek an extension from UK Visas and Immigration after their arrival in the United Kingdom.

People granted settlement and family reunion (who would normally be granted indefinite leave to enter on the visa) are limited to six month visas and will need to seek further leave to remain or indefinite leave to remain from UK Visas and Immigration.

13.4 ECB8.13.4 Refugees or Stateless Persons: limited validity, biometrics and fees

The ECO should make applicants aware of their need to seek leave to enter on arrival in the UK and the limited validity of their visas. They should also advise applicants that failure to comply with the requirement to give fingerprints could result in refusal of leave to enter (see ECB1.3 Biometrics in the legislation ).

When assessing applications from 1951 CTD holders, the ECO needs to consider the full duration of the intended stay. Fee charges (usual charges apply) and appeal rights will be in line with the proposed length of stay.

13.5 ECB8.13.5 Travel documents issued by the United Kingdom to refugee or stateless persons

*Refugee Travel Document (1951 Convention)

• The 1951 United Nations Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, which came into force in the UK on 9 June 1954, provides in Article 28 for the issue of travel documents to refugees lawfully staying in the territories of contracting governments. The Convention defines a refugee as a person who, “owing to well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country”.

The current version of the refugee travel document is in book form, has a dark blue cover and contains 32 pages. There are two gold lines across the top left hand corner of the front cover, each 5mm wide and 3mm apart, and the title ‘Travel Document (Convention of 28 July 1951)’, the official crest and ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland’.

Special attention is drawn to the following points about the refugee travel document issued in the UK:

• It is normally made valid for travel to all countries except the country of origin and/or from which the holder sought asylum.
• The period of validity varies with the holder’s immigration position in the UK. (It may be as short as 6 months for a holder on time conditions or as long as 10 years for one who has achieved settlement). The holder’s immigration position will be apparent from the Home Office endorsements on the visa pages.
• While valid, the holder can use the document to return to the UK without requiring a visa. However, this does not guarantee entry and the holder will still need to satisfy the Immigration Officer on entry to the UK.

The holder of an expired refugee travel document who has taken up permanent residence in another country should be advised to apply to the authorities of that country for a replacement travel document (note 2 on inside front cover of document). Similarly, if he / she has obtained a national passport, by re-availing himself / herself of the protection of the country from which he / she sought refuge or by acquiring another nationality, he/she may not be issued with further CTD’s. In either case it should be explained that withdrawal of the UK travel documentation would not in itself affect the outcome of any application he / she may make for a visa to re-enter the UK.

It is not possible to re-new Home Office travel documents outside the UK. Those wishing to return to the UK and who are not in possession of their travel document (lost / stolen) should, once satisfied that they meet the criteria after following the guidance in ECB8.9 and notifying travel document section, be considered for a EU UFF (See ECB8.9 above).

13.6 ECB8.13.6 Travel documents issued by the United Kingdom to stateless persons

• Stateless Persons’ Travel Documents (1954 Convention)

Under the terms of the 1954 United Nations Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, which came into force on 6 June 1960, the Home Office issues a Stateless Person’s Travel Document similar to the refugee document but having a red cover and valid for travel to all countries. The rules regarding periods of validity, return to the UK without a visa and extensions abroad are the same as for the refugee document.

13.7 ECB8.13.7 Certificates of Travel issued by the United Kingdom

*Note: Issued since 17 March 2008

• This travel document, which is in the form of a 32-page booklet with a black cover, is issued to resident foreign nationals who need to travel abroad and can show that they have formally and unreasonably been refused passport facilities by their own national authorities. It is normally made valid for travel to all countries except the holder’s country of origin and/or the country from which asylum was sought.

Its validity, upon issue in the UK, varies with the holder’s immigration position. For a holder who is settled, it would normally be made valid for up to 5 years; for one on time conditions it would normally be in line with that leave. Where these documents have been issued exceptionally, they are usually valid for 12 months.

The holder’s immigration position should be apparent from the Home Office endorsements on the visa pages.

Prior to 17 March 2008, Certificates of Identity were issued instead of Certificates of Travel. The criteria for issue were the same as for the Certificates of Travel and these documents had a brown cover**. **There will no longer be any valid Certificates of Travel in circulation.

13.8 ECB8.13.8 Document of Identity (1S 137) issued by the United Kingdom

The 1S 137 is a single journey document issued solely to facilitate repatriation from the UK. It is not a renewable document.

13.9 ECB8.13.9 Home Office documents issued to stateless seamen

It is very rare to see one of these.

Stateless seamen resident in the UK who hold Discharge Books (Continuous Certificates of Discharge) issued by the Home Office and which are endorsed as valid for return to the UK without a visa may be issued with a Stateless Persons Document (SPD) if he fulfils all the following conditions:

• When last given leave to enter the UK he was given indefinite leave to enter.
• He has remained continuously in sea employment since last leaving the UK.
• He has not been granted permission to take up residence in any other country.
• He is not on any Home Office data bases or otherwise known to be undesirable.
• He has not been in sea employment outside the UK for a period longer than four years.

Any cases of this nature should be referred to the Travel Document Section (TDS) in Croydon.

13.10 ECB8.13.10 How to deal with the loss of Home Office travel documents

Persons who claim to have lost their Home Office issued Travel Document should be treated as applicants for visas to be issued on a UFF (see ECB9.3(b) ). For all lost travel document applications the ECO must email the Travel Documents Section giving the following details about the applicant:

• Any Home Office reference number
• The number of the document
• Surname and all forenames
• Date and place of birth
• Date of last embarkation from the UK
• Circumstances of stay abroad
• Ties with the UK
• The applicant’s address in the UK
• The circumstances of the loss of the document and details of the police report
• Any available document or information which would help identification * Authorisation should only be sought from the regional operations manager once the travel documents section have confirmed that they have taken the appropriate action.

13.11 ECB8.13.11 Can Home Office travel documents be issued abroad?

On no account should applications for Home Office travel documents be accepted from persons outside the UK, unless instructions to do so have been received from the Home Office. Only in very exceptional cases, by prior arrangement, will the Home Office issue a replacement document to such a person overseas and where this is agreed, the new document will be sent to the nearest Entry Clearance Issuing Post.

14. ECB8.14 Travel documents issued by International Organisations

The African Development Bank (ADB), the Organisation of American States (OAS), the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and the International Red Cross issue travel documents.

• Only the Red Cross document may be considered acceptable for travel to the UK.

15. ECB8.15 Travel documents issued by the United Nations

15.1 ecb8.15.1 there are two types of travel documents issued by the united nations:.

UN Certificate Do not endorse a UN Certificate with an entry clearance. Holders should be asked to obtain a national passport or other travel document.

UN Laissez-passer This allows the holder to travel to the United Kingdom on official business without a national passport or entry clearance. However, when holders travel to the UK for any other reason, they should use their national passports (and visas will be required by visa nationals).

Exceptionally, the following may use UN laissez-passer when not on official business:

• Members of the staff of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) and their families, based in London;
• Stateless persons genuinely unable to obtain any other form of travel document (in such cases visas should be attached to the UN laissez-passer).

15.2 ECB8.15.2 Spouses, civil partners and children of holders of UN laissez-passer

The inclusion of the names of spouses, civil partners and children in a UN laissez-passer merely indicates their right to claim immunities and privileges.

Spouses, civil partners and children of holders of UN laissez-passer must carry national passports or other suitable travel documents. If they are visa nationals, they are not exempt from UK visa requirements.

When accompanying the holder of a UN laissez-passer travelling on official business the spouses, civil partners and children may be granted a gratis visa.

16. ECB8.16 Unofficial / self-styled passports

An organisation calling itself ‘The United Nations Office Inc’ issues so-called ‘passports’ which are not acceptable.

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How to apply for a UK Travel Document

• Last Updated: 19 April 2022

IN THIS ARTICLE

A valid passport is usually required for international travel and serves as an important form of official identification that is recognised around the world. However, some people cannot obtain a passport whilst they are living in the United Kingdom for a variety of reasons, such as refugees and stateless people. These individuals may be eligible to apply for a Home Office Travel Document, allowing them to travel outside the UK.

In this guide, we explain what the UK travel document is, who is eligible, and how to apply. We’ll also answer some frequently asked questions from Home Office rravel document applicants.

What is a UK travel document?

A UK Travel Document, also known as a Home Office Travel Document, is an alternative form of identification that provides the ability to cross international borders for travel. Whilst it looks like a UK passport, it does not confer the same rights granted to British nationals. Rather, a UK Home Office Travel Document provides a mechanism to permit travel and serves as identification. Holders of UK Home Office Travel Documents must note that they cannot access visa-free international travel in the same way as British citizens and will be subject to the visa arrangements outlined for nationals of their country of origin.

Why is a UK travel document important?

UK Home Office Travel Documents are important as they provide the ability to travel to individuals currently in the United Kingdom who may otherwise incur difficulties obtaining a national passport. For some people, obtaining a national passport can be impossible due to factors such as war, civil unrest, or persecution in their country of nationality. Obtaining a UK Home Office Travel Document also provides a widely recognised form of identification that will be accepted within the United Kingdom for future immigration applications and in daily life.

Who needs a UK travel document?

You will need a UK Home Office Travel Document if you want to have a form of UK identification and seek to travel internationally. You can only apply for a UK Home Office Travel Document from within the United Kingdom. You cannot be a British citizen and you must not be able to obtain a passport from your country of nationality. One of the following must also be true:

• You have Leave to Remain or Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the United Kingdom as a refugee
• You have Leave to Remain or Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the United Kingdom as a stateless person
• You have Leave to Remain or Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the United Kingdom as an individual with humanitarian protection status
• You have Leave to Remain or Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the United Kingdom but cannot obtain a passport from your country of nationality

What are the different types of UK travel documents?

There are four different types of UK Home Office Travel Documents. You will need to apply for the correct type of UK Home Office Travel Document for your circumstances. These include the Refugee Travel Document, Stateless Person’s Travel Document, One-Way Travel Document, and Certificate of Travel.

Refugee Travel Document – This type of UK Home Office Travel Document is intended for people who have been granted refugee status in the United Kingdom as well as people who came to the United Kingdom via Family Reunion to join a family member who has refugee status. Refugees are eligible for UK Home Office Travel Documents as per the 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees. The Refugee Travel Document is valid for up to 5 years for individuals with Leave to Remain and expires in line with your immigration permission. If you have Indefinite Leave to Remain as a refugee, your Refugee Travel Document is valid for up to 10 years. If you are under the age of 15, your Refugee Travel Document is valid for up to 5 years. You can travel anywhere in the world on a Refugee Travel Document except for your country of nationality and/or any country you’ve sought asylum from. Please note that you will still be liable to apply for visa(s) before travelling internationally as you are not considered a UK national with this document. You will also need to be sure that the countries you travel to accept Refugee Travel Documents as a valid form of identification.

Stateless Person’s Travel Document

This type of UK Home Office Travel Document is intended for individuals who have been recognised by the UK Government as being stateless. Stateless persons are those who lack an officially recognised nationality from any country around the world and therefore are not eligible for the passport of any country. The Stateless Person’s Travel Document is valid for up to 5 years for individuals with Leave to Remain and expires in line with your immigration permission. If you have Indefinite Leave to Remain as a stateless person, your Stateless Person’s Travel Document is valid for up to 10 years. If you are under the age of 15, your Stateless Person’s Travel Document is valid for up to 5 years. You can generally travel anywhere in the world on a Stateless Person’s Travel Document issued by the UK Home Office. Please note that you will still be liable to apply for visa(s) before travelling internationally as you are not considered a UK national with this document. You will also need to be sure that the countries you travel to accept Stateless Person’s Travel Documents as a valid form of identification.

One-Way Travel Document

This type of UK Home Office Travel Document is intended for individuals who are not British, do not have a valid passport from their country of nationality, and seek to leave the United Kingdom permanently. It allows a one-way right of travel out of the United Kingdom to a country of destination. You will not be able to return to the United Kingdom on a One-Way Travel Document, so you will want to apply for a full passport once you leave the UK. The One-Way Travel Document is valid for 12 months from the date of issue. Please note that you will still be liable to apply for visa(s) before travelling internationally as you are not considered a UK national with this document. You will also need to be sure that the countries you travel to accept One-Way Travel Documents as a valid form of identification.

Certificate of Travel

This type of UK Home Office Travel Document is intended for individuals who fall under one of the following situations:

• If you have Leave to Remain or Indefinite Leave to Remain and have been refused a passport by your country of nationality
• If you have humanitarian protection status in the United Kingdom with officially recognised fear of the authorities from your country of nationality
• If you are on a Family Reunion visa in the United Kingdom after joining your family member who has humanitarian protection status in the United Kingdom
• If you were born in the United Kingdom to an individual who has refugee status in the UK but you have not been granted refugee status in your own right
• If you have a critical reason to travel and cannot receive a passport from your country of nationality quickly enough
• If you fall under any of the above situations, you may be eligible for a Certificate of Travel. If you are applying for a Certificate of Travel due to a critical and imminent need to travel, you will need to provide details about why you need to travel soon.

What is the application process like for a UK travel document?

The application process for a UK Travel Document is not complex, but you must ensure that you meet the requirements and eligibility criteria before beginning the online application form. If you do not meet all requirements and eligibility criteria for a UK Home Office Travel Document, your application will be refused. You will need to submit a separate Travel Document application for every individual in your family, if you are applying as a family unit.

First, you will need to select the Travel Document application form on the UK Home Office website. You will need to identify if you are inside or outside the United Kingdom and then select the type of Travel Document for which you seek to apply – One-Way Travel Document, Certificate of Travel, Stateless Person’s Travel Document, or Refugee Travel Document. You will then need to provide an email address to the Home Office and click through the email verification link.

Next, you will provide all required personal details for your Travel Document application such as the following:

• Your email address
• Your phone number
• Your home address
• Your sex and relationship status
• Your country of nationality, date of birth, country of birth, and place of birth
• Information about your current Biometric Residence Permit (BRP)
• Your National Insurance Number (NIN)

You will also need to provide details about any criminal convictions, driving penalties, arrests, charges, cautions warnings, reprimands or other out-of-court penalties, civil court judgments, or civil penalties under UK immigration law that have been issued in the United Kingdom or any other country. You must also provide details if you have ever been involved in war crimes, crimes against humanity, genoide, terrorist activities, terrorist organisations, held terrorist views, or any other activities that would indicate you are not a person of good character. You must truthfully provide this information or face rejection of your application.

You will then provide details about your immigration and travel history, such as the length of time you have lived in the United Kingdom, any Home Office reference numbers you have been issued, past immigration applications in the UK and abroad. You will also need to provide details about places you plan to travel once you receive your new UK Home Office Travel Document, if you have these details.

Finally, you will need to consent to provide supporting documents. You will be required to send two passport-sized photographs in the post with your name and date of birth written on the back of each photograph. You will also need to send any previous Travel Documents to the Home Office before they will issue your new Travel Document. You will then confirm all information on the Travel Document application and pay the relevant application fee. Once you have paid the application fee, your online application form is complete. You should download and print the Document Checklist to send with your supporting documents in the post.

After you have submitted the online Travel Document application form, you will need to collect all supporting documents. At minimum, you will be required to send two passport-sized photographs and your Document Checklist. If you are submitting an application on behalf of a minor, you will need to provide a consent letter declaring that you agree to apply for your child’s Travel Document. You may be asked to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances, such as:

• Your Leave to Remain grant letter
• Any current or expired Home Office Travel Documents
• Any current or expired national passports
• Any current or expired foreign national identity cards

The Document Checklist will identify if you need to send original copies of these documents or if you can send copies of these documents. If any of these documents are not originally in English, Welsh, or Scottish Gaelic, you will need to include a certified translation alongside the original language.

Once you have collected all of your documents, you should send them with your Document Checklist within 15 working days to the Home Office at the below address:

Home Office Travel Documents Section Lunar House 40 Wellesley Road Croydon CR9 2BY

How much does it cost to apply for a UK travel document?

The cost of your new UK Home Office Travel Document will depend on the type of Travel Document you require and how old you are. Here are the associated costs for the four types of UK Home Office Travel Documents:

You will need to pay the full Travel Document fee at the end of the online application form. If you do not pay the associated fee for your Travel Document, your application will be considered null and void.

How long does it take to receive a decision on my UK travel document application?

Once you have submitted the online application form for a UK Home Office Travel Document and submitted your two passport-size photographs in the post, you will need to wait for your Travel Document to process. Typically, you could wait 3 months to receive your new Travel Document to arrive. However, due to delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Home Office advises that it could take up to 6 months for your new Travel Document to arrive. As such, the Home Office strongly advises that you should not plan or book any travel arrangements until you have received your new UK Travel Document.

UK travel document FAQs

[wp-faq-schema accordion=1]

Legal disclaimer

The matters contained in this article are intended to be for general information purposes only. This article does not constitute legal advice, nor is it a complete or authoritative statement of the law, and should not be treated as such. Whilst every effort is made to ensure that the information is correct, no warranty, express or implied, is given as to its accuracy and no liability is accepted for any error or omission. Before acting on any of the information contained herein, expert legal advice should be sought.

Gill Laing is a qualified Legal Researcher & Analyst with niche specialisms in Law , Tax , Human Resources , Immigration & Employment Law .

Gill is a Multiple Business Owner and the Managing Director of Prof Services - a Marketing & Content Agency for the Professional Services Sector.

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How Long Does It Take To Receive A Travel Document In The UK

Published: November 1, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Sophey Mashburn

• Plan Your Trip

Introduction

Traveling can be an exciting and transformative experience, allowing us to explore new cultures, embrace different perspectives, and create lasting memories. However, when it comes to traveling abroad, having the right travel document is essential. In the United Kingdom (UK), there are various types of travel documents that individuals may need, depending on their circumstances and destination.

Whether you are a UK citizen applying for a passport for the first time, a resident seeking to renew your travel document, or a foreign national in need of a visa, understanding the processing times for travel documents is crucial for planning your travel arrangements and avoiding unnecessary stress. While the exact processing times can vary depending on the type of travel document and several other factors, having a general idea of the timeline can help you better prepare and manage your expectations.

In this article, we will delve into the processing times for different types of travel documents in the UK, explore the factors that can affect these processing times, highlight the application process, and provide insights on how to check the status of your application. So, let’s dive in and discover how long it takes to receive a travel document in the UK!

Background on travel documents in the UK

In the UK, travel documents serve as proof of identity and nationality, allowing individuals to travel internationally. The most common travel document for UK citizens is the passport. A passport is a globally recognized travel document that verifies the bearer’s identity and citizenship and facilitates travel across international borders.

For individuals who are not eligible for a passport, there are other types of travel documents available. These include the Certificate of Identity, which is issued to stateless individuals or refugees residing in the UK, and the Convention Travel Document, issued to non-UK nationals who are unable to obtain a passport from their home country but have been granted permission to remain in the UK.

In addition to these travel documents, foreign nationals visiting or residing in the UK may need a visa to enter the country. A visa is a legal endorsement obtained from the relevant UK authorities, granting permission for a specific purpose of travel, such as tourism, work, or study. The processing time for visas can vary depending on the type of visa and the applicant’s circumstances.

It is important to note that travel document requirements and processes may change over time, so it is always recommended to refer to the official government websites or consult with relevant authorities to ensure you have the most up-to-date information before applying.

Now that we have a basic understanding of the different types of travel documents in the UK, let’s explore the processing times for these documents and the factors that can impact these timelines.

Processing times for different types of travel documents

The processing times for travel documents in the UK can vary depending on the type of document and several other factors. It is important to note that these processing times are indicative and may change based on fluctuating demand, security checks, or other unforeseen circumstances. However, they can provide a general idea of the timeline involved.

1. Passports: The processing time for a passport application in the UK is usually around 3 to 6 weeks. However, this may vary during peak travel seasons or in exceptional circumstances. For urgent cases, you can apply for the Fast Track or Premium service, which offers expedited processing for an additional fee.

2. Certificate of Identity: The processing time for a Certificate of Identity can take up to 6 months. This is due to the complex nature of the documentation and the verification process involved in determining the applicant’s status as a stateless individual or refugee.

3. Convention Travel Document: The processing time for a Convention Travel Document varies and can take up to 10 weeks. This includes the time required for verification of the applicant’s immigration status and granting permission to travel using this document.

4. Visas: The processing time for UK visas can vary significantly depending on the type of visa, the applicant’s circumstances, and the country of application. Typically, visa processing can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months. It is advisable to check the specific visa category and consult the relevant authorities or immigration services for accurate processing time estimates.

It is important to apply for your travel document well in advance to ensure ample time for processing and to avoid any last-minute disruptions to your travel plans. The processing times mentioned above are approximate and can vary, so it is essential to refer to the official government websites or consult with relevant authorities for the most up-to-date information pertaining to your specific travel document.

Now that we understand the processing times for different travel documents in the UK, let’s explore the factors that can affect these processing times.

Factors that can affect processing times

Several factors can impact the processing times for travel documents in the UK. It is important to be aware of these factors to better understand why processing times may vary and to plan accordingly. Here are some key factors that can affect the processing times:

1. Peak seasons and demand: During peak travel seasons, such as holidays or summer vacation periods, the demand for travel documents can significantly increase. This influx of applications can result in longer processing times as the authorities handle a higher volume of requests.

2. Completeness and accuracy of application: One of the most crucial factors is the completeness and accuracy of the application. Any missing or incorrect information can lead to delays as the authorities may need to seek clarification or request additional documents. It is important to carefully review the application form and provide all the required supporting documentation to avoid unnecessary delays.

3. Security checks: The security of travel documents is paramount. As a result, the authorities conduct thorough security checks on all applications. These checks can involve verifying information against databases, conducting background checks, and ensuring that the applicant meets the necessary requirements. Depending on the complexity of these security checks, processing times may be prolonged.

4. Unforeseen circumstances: Sometimes, unforeseen circumstances such as natural disasters, political unrest, or public health emergencies can disrupt normal processing times. In such cases, the authorities may need to prioritize urgent or essential cases, leading to delays for other applications.

5. Embassy or consular closures: If you are applying for a travel document outside of the UK, it is important to consider embassy or consular closures, particularly during public holidays or local events. These closures can impact the processing times as the authorities may not be able to process applications during these periods.

It is essential to keep these factors in mind when applying for a travel document and to plan your application timeline accordingly. While some factors are beyond your control, ensuring the accuracy and completeness of your application can help minimize delays. By being proactive and allowing sufficient time for processing, you can help ensure a smoother and stress-free experience when obtaining your travel document.

Now that we understand the factors that can affect processing times, let’s explore the application process for travel documents in the UK.

Applying for a travel document in the UK

When applying for a travel document in the UK, it is important to follow the correct procedure to ensure a successful application. Here are the general steps to apply for a travel document:

• Gather required documents: Start by gathering all the necessary documents for your specific travel document. This may include completed application forms, proof of identity and citizenship, photographs, supporting documentation, and any additional requirements specific to your situation. Check the official government website or contact the relevant authorities to ensure you have all the required documents.
• Complete the application form: Fill out the application form accurately and completely. Ensure that all the information provided is correct and matches the documents you are submitting. Any discrepancies or mistakes may lead to delays in processing your application.
• Submit your application: Once you have gathered all the required documents and completed the application form, submit your application through the designated channels. This can normally be done online or by mail. Pay any applicable fees and ensure that your application is securely packaged and sent to the correct address.
• Attend any necessary appointments: Depending on the type of travel document and your circumstances, you may be required to attend an appointment for biometric data collection, an interview, or other verification procedures. Follow the instructions provided by the authorities and attend any required appointments on time.
• Track your application: Utilize the tracking systems provided by the authorities to monitor the progress of your application. This will allow you to stay updated on its status and any additional documentation or actions required from your end.
• Keep copies of all documents: It is important to keep copies of all the documents you submit with your application for your records. This will be helpful in case any documents are lost or in case you need to refer to them at a later stage.
• Wait for the decision: After submitting your application, it is time to patiently wait for a decision. The processing times for travel documents can vary, but typically, you will receive a notification once a decision has been made on your application.
• Collect your travel document: If your application is approved, you will be notified to collect your travel document. Follow the instructions provided, such as collecting it in person or receiving it by mail, depending on the type of document and the options available.

It is important to note that these steps are a general guideline, and the application process may vary depending on the type of travel document and your specific circumstances. It is always recommended to refer to the official government website or consult the relevant authorities for detailed and up-to-date instructions before applying for a travel document.

Now that you know how to apply for a travel document, let’s explore how to check the status of your application.

Checking the status of your application

After submitting your application for a travel document in the UK, it is natural to want to know the progress and status of your application. Fortunately, there are methods available to check the status of your application and stay informed. Here are some ways to do so:

• Online portals: Many government agencies and visa processing centers provide online portals where you can log in and track the progress of your application. These portals typically require you to create an account and enter specific information regarding your application, such as your application reference number.
• Helpline or customer service: If you prefer a more direct approach, you can contact the helpline or customer service of the relevant authority for updates. They will be able to assist you with queries and provide you with information regarding the status of your application. Be prepared to provide them with your application reference number or any other relevant details for verification.
• Email or SMS notifications: Some authorities send email or SMS notifications regarding the progress of your application. These notifications can keep you informed about any updates, such as when your application is received, being processed, or when a decision has been made. Make sure to check your email inbox or SMS messages regularly for any updates.
• Application tracking services: In specific cases, such as visa applications, you may have the option to use third-party application tracking services. These services allow you to track the status of your application using your application reference number or passport number. However, be cautious when using third-party services and ensure their legitimacy and reliability before providing any personal information.
• Consulting an immigration lawyer or advisor: If you have concerns or specific questions about your application, you may consider consulting an immigration lawyer or advisor. They can provide expert guidance and assist you in checking the status of your application through their professional channels.

Regardless of the method you choose to check the status of your application, it is important to remain patient during the process. Depending on the type of travel document and various factors, the processing times can vary. If you have not received a decision within the estimated processing time, it is advisable to contact the relevant authority for further assistance and clarification.

Now that you know how to track your application, let’s explore the timeline for receiving a travel document in the UK.

Timeline for receiving a travel document

The timeline for receiving a travel document in the UK can vary depending on the type of document, the processing times, and individual circumstances. While it is important to note that these timelines are approximate and subject to change, having a general understanding can help you plan your travel arrangements accordingly. Here is a general timeline:

• Submission of application: The timeline begins from the day you submit your application for a travel document. This can be done online, by mail, or in person, depending on the type of document and the options available. Ensure that you submit all the required documents and pay any applicable fees at this stage.
• Processing time: The processing time will vary depending on the type of travel document. Generally, the processing time for passports in the UK is around 3 to 6 weeks. However, it may take longer during peak travel seasons or in exceptional circumstances. For other travel documents such as Certificates of Identity or Convention Travel Documents, the processing times can be longer, ranging from a few months to several weeks.
• Biometric data collection or interview: Depending on the type of travel document and your circumstances, you may be required to attend an appointment for biometric data collection or an interview. This step may add additional time to the overall process, and it is important to attend the appointment as scheduled.
• Decision notification: Once a decision has been made on your application, you will be notified of the outcome. This notification can be through email, mail, online portal, or SMS, depending on the method chosen during the application process. The duration between the decision and notification can vary, but it is typically within a few days to a couple of weeks.
• Collection or delivery of travel document: After receiving the decision notification, you will be instructed on how to collect or receive your travel document. This can involve collecting it in person, having it mailed to your address, or using a designated collection point. Depending on the method chosen, the duration for the physical receipt of the document can vary, ranging from a few days to a couple of weeks.

It is important to keep in mind that these timelines are approximate and can vary depending on various factors, including the type of travel document, the processing times, the accuracy and completeness of your application, and unforeseen circumstances. To ensure a smooth and timely process, it is recommended to apply for your travel document well in advance of your intended travel dates and to follow the instructions provided by the relevant authorities.

Now that we have covered the timeline for receiving a travel document, let’s conclude.

Obtaining a travel document is a crucial step for individuals wishing to travel internationally from the UK. Understanding the processing times and procedures can help you plan your travel arrangements effectively and minimize any potential stress or delays. In this article, we have explored the various types of travel documents in the UK, including passports, Certificates of Identity, Convention Travel Documents, and visas. We have also discussed the factors that can influence processing times, such as peak seasons, application completeness, security checks, and unforeseen circumstances.

When applying for a travel document, it is important to gather all required documents, complete the application accurately, and submit it through the designated channels. Tracking the status of your application through online portals, helplines, or email/SMS notifications can keep you informed about the progress. Throughout the process, it is essential to remain patient and allow sufficient time for processing and decision-making.

Finally, we outlined a general timeline for receiving a travel document, starting from the application submission to the collection or delivery of the document. It is important to note that these timelines are approximate and can vary based on individual circumstances and processing times. Therefore, it is advisable to apply well in advance of your intended travel dates and consult official government websites or authorities for the most up-to-date information.

By understanding the application process, tracking the status of your application, and allowing ample time for processing, you can ensure a smoother experience when obtaining your travel document and be well-prepared for your journey. Remember to always check the official government websites or consult with relevant authorities for the most accurate and current information regarding travel documents in the UK.

Now go ahead, follow the necessary steps, and get ready to embark on your exciting travel adventure with the peace of mind that comes from having the right travel document in hand!

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